我有一个问题正在努力寻找答案。我正在家里构建一个 Ubuntu 媒体服务器，并决定将我的 2TB 大容量存储磁盘划分为不同的分区。
我为音乐创建了一个 700GB 的分区并格式化为 EXT4。然后从 NTFS 外部硬盘迁移大约 370GB，使用 Beets 构建我的音乐库并复制文件。问题是总目录大小超过 730GB！
为什么是这样？ Beets 处理文件的方式是否有错误？或者这与文件系统选择有关？
Beets 正在获取专辑封面和其他一些元数据，但这肯定不会使总体足迹增加两倍？
任何建议表示赞赏！我是 Linux 文件系统的新手，所以可能缺少一些关于索引节点、日志的基本知识？
dumep2fs 显示：
chris@MICROSERVER:~$ sudo dumpe2fs /dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-music
[sudo] password for chris:
dumpe2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem volume name: <none>
Last mounted on: /media/ubuntu/62c278e1-4c1e-470a-b68c-f0a5d777c165
Filesystem UUID: 62c278e1-4c1e-470a-b68c-f0a5d777c165
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
cFilesystem features: has_journal ext_attr resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_recovery sparse_super large_file
Filesystem flags: signed_directory_hash
Default mount options: user_xattr acl
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 1966080
Block count: 7864320
Reserved block count: 393216
Free blocks: 7681951
Free inodes: 1966057
First block: 0
Block size: 4096
Fragment size: 4096
Reserved GDT blocks: 1022
Blocks per group: 32768
Fragments per group: 32768
Inodes per group: 8192
Inode blocks per group: 512
Filesystem created: Sat Jul 25 10:22:35 2015
Last mount time: Sun Aug 2 21:28:44 2015
Last write time: Sun Aug 2 21:28:44 2015
Mount count: 23
Maximum mount count: -1
Last checked: Sat Jul 25 10:22:35 2015
Check interval: 0 (<none>)
Lifetime writes: 121 MB
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 256
Required extra isize: 28
Desired extra isize: 28
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: half_md4
Directory Hash Seed: f7ccf1c6-402b-4666-bdd1-2a10d7fa1948
Journal backup: inode blocks
Journal features: journal_incompat_revoke
Journal size: 128M
Journal length: 32768
Journal sequence: 0x00000023
Journal start: 0
df-h
chris@MICROSERVER:~$ df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-root 20G 12G 7.5G 60% /
none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev 3.9G 4.0K 3.9G 1% /dev
tmpfs 796M 1.2M 795M 1% /run
none 5.0M 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /run/shm
none 100M 0 100M 0% /run/user
/dev/sda1 236M 98M 126M 44% /boot
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-music 673G 641G 372K 100% /media/music
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-backup 50G 38G 9.3G 81% /media/backup
/dev/sdb2 673G 33G 606G 6% /music
df-i
Filesystem Inodes IUsed IFree IUse% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-root 1310720 267682 1043038 21% /
none 1017972 2 1017970 1% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev 1006939 502 1006437 1% /dev
tmpfs 1017972 514 1017458 1% /run
none 1017972 5 1017967 1% /run/lock
none 1017972 1 1017971 1% /run/shm
none 1017972 2 1017970 1% /run/user
/dev/sda1 62248 311 61937 1% /boot
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-music 44802048 97110 44704938 1% /media/music
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-backup 3276800 1434 3275366 1% /media/backup
/dev/sdb2 44802048 11710 44790338 1% /music
lsblk-b
NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT
sda 8:0 0 160041885696 0 disk
├─sda1 8:1 0 254803968 0 part /boot
├─sda2 8:2 0 1024 0 part
└─sda5 8:5 0 159784108032 0 part
├─MICROSERVER--vg-root (dm-0) 252:0 0 21441282048 0 lvm /
├─MICROSERVER--vg-swap_1 (dm-1) 252:1 0 8552185856 0 lvm [SWAP]
├─MICROSERVER--vg-music (dm-2) 252:2 0 32212254720 0 lvm
└─MICROSERVER--vg-backup (dm-3) 252:3 0 53687091200 0 lvm /media/backup
sdb 8:16 0 2000398934016 0 disk
├─sdb1 8:17 0 734003200000 0 part /media/music
└─sdb2 8:18 0 734003200000 0 part /music
山
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-root on / type ext4 (rw,errors=remount-ro)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev)
none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw)
none on /sys/fs/fuse/connections type fusectl (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw)
none on /sys/kernel/security type securityfs (rw)
udev on /dev type devtmpfs (rw,mode=0755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,noexec,nosuid,gid=5,mode=0620)
tmpfs on /run type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,size=10%,mode=0755)
none on /run/lock type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=5242880)
none on /run/shm type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev)
none on /run/user type tmpfs (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,size=104857600,mode=0755)
none on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw)
/dev/sda1 on /boot type ext2 (rw)
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-music on /media/music type ext3 (rw)
/dev/mapper/MICROSERVER--vg-backup on /media/backup type ext3 (rw)
/dev/sdb2 on /music type ext4 (rw)
/dev/sdb1 on /media/music type ext4 (rw)
systemd on /sys/fs/cgroup/systemd type cgroup (rw,noexec,nosuid,nodev,none,name=systemd)
须藤lvdisplay
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/MICROSERVER-vg/root
LV Name root
VG Name MICROSERVER-vg
LV UUID Lwx28M-m2k9-XIpB-fUEC-HiWa-5QsN-SlNOt3
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time MICROSERVER, 2015-07-24 20:55:58 +0100
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 19.97 GiB
Current LE 5112
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:0
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/MICROSERVER-vg/swap_1
LV Name swap_1
VG Name MICROSERVER-vg
LV UUID vFQxWC-g7xw-Ilc0-Eixj-51Fv-HaXV-t3uAuq
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time MICROSERVER, 2015-07-24 20:55:58 +0100
LV Status available
# open 2
LV Size 7.96 GiB
Current LE 2039
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:1
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/MICROSERVER-vg/music
LV Name music
VG Name MICROSERVER-vg
LV UUID AA9x7O-ZBRd-uBr4-6hPO-jMeS-3ien-r6zvew
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time MICROSERVER, 2015-07-25 10:19:33 +0100
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 30.00 GiB
Current LE 7680
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:2
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/MICROSERVER-vg/backup
LV Name backup
VG Name MICROSERVER-vg
LV UUID o6tyxv-eTik-OcpX-KhdE-rI4h-z4Rq-tG2NUS
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time MICROSERVER, 2015-07-25 20:58:27 +0100
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 50.00 GiB
Current LE 12800
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 256
Block device 252:3
为了添加更多上下文，我使用甜菜将数据从 /music 移动到 /media/music。原始音乐库大小约为 370GB。
答案1
虽然我从未使用过甜菜，但我可以给你一些一般信息。首先，至少在一方面，你是正确的。一般来说，300GB的数据就是300GB的数据。文件系统不应该太重要。您可以检查一些事项以确保一切顺利进行。
首先是免费的索引节点。当您运行时，df -h您应该获得格式良好的可用空间。如果你使用df -i你会得到 inode 统计信息。您有可能（但不太可能）耗尽索引节点而不是实际空间。许多小文件可能会发生这种情况。
其次，更有可能的是，嵌入的专辑封面确实会占用那么多空间。它必须嵌入到每个 MP3 中。因此，一张包含 15 首歌曲和专辑封面（包含正面、背面和插入图像）的专辑，每张图像的分辨率均为 700k，仅增加了 31.5 Megs。
第三，确保甜菜不是复制，而是移动。它尝试从 /music 复制到 /music/processed 并且 /music 是安装点，那么你将轻松地将空间增加一倍。即使作为处理的一部分它从 /old_music 移动到 /music 也是如此副本从 /music 到 /music/processed。