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此处不允许使用 map 指令

tag-icon • tag-icon nginx node.js meteor
此处不允许使用 map 指令

我正在关注这个教程https://medium.com/startup-founder-panel/deploying-a-meteor-app-with-nginx-from-scratch-1332b32e99a5 当我这样做时sudo nginx -t 我得到

nginx: [emerg] "map" directive is not allowed here in /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/app:2
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test failed

这是应用程序文件

# this section is needed to proxy web-socket connections
map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
        default upgrade;
        ''      close;
}
# HTTP
server {
        listen 80 default_server;
        listen [::]:80 default_server ipv6only=on;
        location = /favicon.ico {
          root /home/USERNAME/portal/programs/web.browser/app;
          access_log off;
        }
        location ~* "^/[a-z0-9]{40}\.(css|js)$" {
          gzip_static on;
          root /home/USERNAME/portal/programs/web.browser;
          access_log off;
        }
        location ~ "^/packages" {
          root /home/USERNAME/portal/programs/web.browser;
          access_log off;
        }
        # pass requests to Meteor
        location / {
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8080;
            proxy_http_version 1.1;
            proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade; #for websockets
            proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
        }
}

这是 nginx.conf

user www-data;
worker_processes auto;
pid /run/nginx.pid;

events {
        worker_connections 768;
        # multi_accept on;
}

http {

        ##
        # Basic Settings
        ##

        sendfile on;
        tcp_nopush on;
        tcp_nodelay on;
        keepalive_timeout 65;
        types_hash_max_size 2048;
        # server_tokens off;

        # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
        # server_name_in_redirect off;

        include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        default_type application/octet-stream;

        ##
        # SSL Settings
        ##

        ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

        ##
        # Logging Settings
        ##

        access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
        error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

        ##
        # Gzip Settings
        ##
        include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
        gzip on;
        gzip_disable "msie6";
        # gzip_vary on;
        # gzip_proxied any;
        # gzip_comp_level 6;
        # gzip_buffers 16 8k;
        # gzip_http_version 1.1;
        # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml applicatio
n/xml+rss text/javascript;
        ##
        # Virtual Host Configs
        ##
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
        include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
}
#mail {
#       # See sample authentication script at:
#       # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
# 
#       # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
#       # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
#       # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
# 
#       server {
#               listen     localhost:110;
#               protocol   pop3;
#               proxy      on;
#       }
# 
#       server {
#               listen     localhost:143;
#               protocol   imap;
#               proxy      on;
#       }
#}
include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

所以有什么问题？

答案1

尝试将其添加到您的 nginx.conf 中的 http {}：

    user www-data;
    worker_processes auto;
    pid /run/nginx.pid;

    events {
            worker_connections 768;
            # multi_accept on;
    }

    http {
            # this section is needed to proxy web-socket connections
            map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
                    default upgrade;
                      ''      close;
            }

            ##
            # Basic Settings
            ##

            sendfile on;
            tcp_nopush on;
            tcp_nodelay on;
            keepalive_timeout 65;
            types_hash_max_size 2048;
            # server_tokens off;

            # server_names_hash_bucket_size 64;
            # server_name_in_redirect off;

            include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
            default_type application/octet-stream;

            ##
            # SSL Settings
            ##

            ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2; # Dropping SSLv3, ref: POODLE
            ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

            ##
            # Logging Settings
            ##

            access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log;
            error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log;

            ##
            # Gzip Settings
            ##
            include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
            gzip on;
            gzip_disable "msie6";
            # gzip_vary on;
            # gzip_proxied any;
            # gzip_comp_level 6;
            # gzip_buffers 16 8k;
            # gzip_http_version 1.1;
            # gzip_types text/plain text/css application/json application/javascript text/xml application/xml applicatio
    n/xml+rss text/javascript;
            ##
            # Virtual Host Configs
            ##
            include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
            include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;
    }
    #mail {
    #       # See sample authentication script at:
    #       # http://wiki.nginx.org/ImapAuthenticateWithApachePhpScript
    # 
    #       # auth_http localhost/auth.php;
    #       # pop3_capabilities "TOP" "USER";
    #       # imap_capabilities "IMAP4rev1" "UIDPLUS";
    # 
    #       server {
    #               listen     localhost:110;
    #               protocol   pop3;
    #               proxy      on;
    #       }
    # 
    #       server {
    #               listen     localhost:143;
    #               protocol   imap;
    #               proxy      on;
    #       }
    #}
    include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

这不起作用的原因是您没有在 http 块中添加 map 模块。根据 Nginx 文档，map 模块只能在 http 上下文中使用。请参阅 Nginx 的文档：

http://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_map_module.html#map

答案2

为什么 sites-enabled 在你的 nginx.conf 文件中被包含了两次？

include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

上面的行出现在 conf 文件的两处地方：

  • 在 http 块内
  • 作为文件的最后一行，位于 http 块之外

可能是第二个导致了问题，因为它会在 http 块之外添加来自应用程序文件的 map 指令。

如果两次添加此包含行没有特殊目的，则可以删除第二行，这样可能会解决问题。

答案3

include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;您遵循的说明假定您的 中没有此行nginx.conf。一些软件包自带此行，包含在默认nginx.conf文件中。您的文件中有此行，这完全没问题。

        # Virtual Host Configs
        ##
        include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
        include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;

从文件的最底部删除include /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/*;，因为您已经在 nginx.conf 中有了该行，并且它（文件底部的行）在错误的位置，因为它在块之外http { }。

答案4

2021 年，你可以将 nginx 更新到最新版本来修复它。我在 Debian 9 中使用 1.10 版本时遇到了这个错误，在我将 nginx 更新到 1.18 后，它就修复了。

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