![在 16.04 上重新启动网络服务时出现问题](https://linux22.com/image/705948/%E5%9C%A8%2016.04%20%E4%B8%8A%E9%87%8D%E6%96%B0%E5%90%AF%E5%8A%A8%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E6%97%B6%E5%87%BA%E7%8E%B0%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98.png)
我为 Ubuntu 16.04 上的专用服务器购买了新的 IP 地址,并尝试进行设置,但一直遇到一个问题;我无法正确重启网络服务,即使使用原始配置也是如此。这是我通过 systemctl status networking.service 获得的结果;
systemd[1]: Starting Raise network interfaces...
ifup[24985]: RTNETLINK answers: File exists
ifup[24985]: Failed to bring up eth0.
postconf: warning: /etc/postfix/master.cf: undefined parameter: mua_client_restrictions
networking.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Failed to start Raise network interfaces.
networking.service: Unit entered failed state.
networking.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.
以下是接口文件的内容(当然我已经审查了地址);
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address xxx.xx.xx.146
netmask 255.255.255.0
network xxx.xx.xx.0
broadcast xxx.xx.xx.255
gateway xxx.xx.xx.254
auto eth0:0
iface eth0:0 inet static
address yy.yy.yyy.153
netmask 255.255.255.255
post-up /sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 yy.yy.yyy.153 netmask 255.255.255.255 broadcast yy.yy.yyy.153
pre-down /sbin/ifconfig eth0:0 down
原始文件(从 .bak 文件复制过来)和使用新 IP 的编辑文件都出现此错误。网络服务由于未指定的原因无法运行。如果我尝试直接 ifup eth0,我会得到“文件存在”和“无法启动 eth0”行。然而,尽管关闭了,但 IP 似乎在接口配置中设置正确;它们正确映射到相应的接口(eth0、eth0:0),相应的 Apache/Postfix/Dovecot 安装似乎也可以正常工作。
然而,当通过 networkctl 查看时,这是我得到的结果;
WARNING: systemd-networkd is not running, output will be incomplete.
IDX LINK TYPE OPERATIONAL SETUP
1 lo loopback n/a unmanaged
2 bond0 ether n/a unmanaged
3 dummy0 ether n/a unmanaged
4 ifb0 ether n/a unmanaged
5 ifb1 ether n/a unmanaged
6 eth0 ether n/a unmanaged
7 eth1 ether n/a unmanaged
8 teql0 void n/a unmanaged
9 tunl0 tunnel n/a unmanaged
10 sit0 sit n/a unmanaged
11 ip6tnl0 tunnel6 n/a unmanaged
接口名称显然是 eth0,而不是其他名称。我想知道是否有某种 dhcp 服务干扰,或者是否有其他服务实际管理接口。我不认为安装了 NetworkManager,因为在刷新 eth0 后让服务器再次可 ping 通的唯一方法是尝试启动网络,但网络仍然会因同一错误而崩溃。我担心的是,这会导致服务器在硬重启时无法 ping 通。
有人对这个问题有什么建议吗?
EDIT1:这是 ifconfig -a,它用于 eth0 和 eth0:0
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0c:c4:7a:c3:4e:f2
inet addr:xxx.xx.xx.146 Bcast:xxx.xx.xx.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:2283 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:251 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:149408 (149.4 KB) TX bytes:41071 (41.0 KB)
eth0:0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0c:c4:7a:c3:4e:f2
inet addr:yy.yy.yyy.153 Bcast:yy.yy.yyy.153 Mask:255.255.255.255
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 0c:c4:7a:c3:4e:f3
BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
这是 var/log/syslog 中发生的情况,可能是 postfix 的问题吗?
Jun 16 09:26:32 www postfix[3583]: * Reloading Postfix configuration...
Jun 16 09:26:32 www postfix[3588]: Postfix is running with backwards-compatible default settings
Jun 16 09:26:32 www postfix[3588]: See http://www.postfix.org/COMPATIBILITY_README.html for details
Jun 16 09:26:32 www postfix[3588]: To disable backwards compatibility use "postconf compatibility_level=2" and "postfix reload"
Jun 16 09:26:32 www postfix/master[1773]: reload -- version 3.1.0, configuration /etc/postfix
Jun 16 09:26:32 www postfix[3583]: ...done.
Jun 16 09:26:32 www systemd[1]: Reloaded LSB: Postfix Mail Transport Agent.
Jun 16 09:26:32 www systemd[1]: networking.service: Main process exited, code=exited, status=1/FAILURE
Jun 16 09:26:32 www systemd[1]: Failed to start Raise network interfaces.
Jun 16 09:26:32 www systemd[1]: networking.service: Unit entered failed state.
Jun 16 09:26:32 www systemd[1]: networking.service: Failed with result 'exit-code'.