Dovecot 没有监听任何端口

Dovecot 没有监听任何端口

我正在尝试设置邮件服务器,但 Dovecot 没有监听任何端口。我尝试过排除故障,但不幸的是遇到了瓶颈。任何帮助/建议都将不胜感激,谢谢。

/etc/postfix/main.cf

# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version


# Debian specific:  Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name.  The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname

smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
biff = no

# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no

# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h

readme_directory = no

# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
#smtpd_use_tls=yes
#smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
#smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes
smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot
smtpd_sasl_path = private/auth
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions =
 permit_sasl_authenticated,
 permit_mynetworks,
 reject_unauth_destination

鸽舍-n

# 2.2.13: /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf
# OS: Linux 3.16.0-4-amd64 x86_64 Debian 8.8 ext4
auth_mechanisms = plain login
mail_location = maildir:/var/mail/vhosts/%d/%n
mail_privileged_group = mail
namespace inbox {
  inbox = yes
  location = 
  mailbox Drafts {
    special_use = \Drafts
  }
  mailbox Junk {
    special_use = \Junk
  }
  mailbox Sent {
    special_use = \Sent
  }
  mailbox "Sent Messages" {
    special_use = \Sent
  }
  mailbox Trash {
    special_use = \Trash
  }
  prefix = 
}
passdb {
  args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-sql.conf.ext
  driver = sql
}
protocols = imap lmtp
service auth {
  unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/auth {
    group = postfix
    mode = 0666
    user = postfix
  }
  unix_listener auth-userdb {
    mode = 0600
    user = vmail
  }
  user = dovecot
}
 service imap-login {
  inet_listener imap {
    port = 0
  }
}
service lmtp {
  unix_listener /var/spool/postfix/private/dovecot-lmtp {
    group = postfix
    mode = 0600
    user = postfix
  }
}
ssl = no
userdb {
  args = uid=vmail gid=vmail home=/var/mail/vhosts/%d/%n
  driver = static
}

服务鸽舍状态

● dovecot.service - Dovecot IMAP/POP3 email server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/dovecot.service; enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Fri 2017-06-23 21:33:08 CEST; 13min ago
 Main PID: 7688 (dovecot)
   CGroup: /system.slice/dovecot.service
           ├─7688 /usr/sbin/dovecot -F
           ├─7690 dovecot/anvil
           ├─7691 dovecot/log
           └─7693 dovecot/config

Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 systemd[1]: Starting Dovecot IMAP/POP3 email server...
Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 systemd[1]: Started Dovecot IMAP/POP3 email server.
Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 dovecot[7688]: master: Dovecot v2.2.13 starting up for imap, lmtp (core dumps disabled)

网络状态监测

Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:25              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      7557/master     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:55171           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      463/rpc.statd   
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:xxxx            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      1274/sshd       
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:3306          0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      964/mysqld      
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:587             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      7557/master     
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      454/rpcbind     
tcp6       0      0 :::25                   :::*                    LISTEN      7557/master     
tcp6       0      0 :::52219                :::*                    LISTEN      463/rpc.statd   
tcp6       0      0 :::50122                :::*                    LISTEN      1274/sshd       
tcp6       0      0 :::587                  :::*                    LISTEN      7557/master     
tcp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                    LISTEN      454/rpcbind     
tcp6       0      0 :::80                   :::*                    LISTEN      643/apache2     
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:629             0.0.0.0:*                           454/rpcbind     
udp        0      0 127.0.0.1:639           0.0.0.0:*                           463/rpc.statd   
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:52688           0.0.0.0:*                           463/rpc.statd   
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:8217            0.0.0.0:*                           391/dhclient    
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:68              0.0.0.0:*                           391/dhclient    
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:111             0.0.0.0:*                           454/rpcbind     
udp6       0      0 :::629                  :::*                                454/rpcbind     
udp6       0      0 :::25374                :::*                                391/dhclient    
udp6       0      0 :::34693                :::*                                463/rpc.statd   
udp6       0      0 :::111                  :::*                                454/rpcbind    

尾部 /var/log/mail.log

Jun 23 21:20:03 spmac1 dovecot: lmtp(3589): Connect from local
Jun 23 21:20:03 spmac1 dovecot: lmtp(3589): Disconnect from local: Successful quit
Jun 23 21:20:03 spmac1 postfix/qmgr[1264]: 8518441BFC: removed
Jun 23 21:32:43 spmac1 postfix/master[1259]: terminating on signal 15
Jun 23 21:32:43 spmac1 postfix/master[7557]: daemon started -- version 2.11.3, configuration /etc/postfix
Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 dovecot: master: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill)
Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 dovecot: anvil: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill)
Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 dovecot: log: Warning: Killed with signal 15 (by pid=1 uid=0 code=kill)
Jun 23 21:33:08 spmac1 dovecot: master: Dovecot v2.2.13 starting up for imap, lmtp (core dumps disabled)

从 netstat 的输出中可以看到,Dovecot 根本找不到;端口 993 和 143 都没有打开。我也尝试过远程登录这些端口,可以确认它们确实已关闭。

答案1

对于可能遇到类似问题的其他人来说,此特定配置中的关闭端口问题是由于以下原因造成的:

 service imap-login {
  inet_listener imap {
    port = 0
  }

必须指定端口号(IMAP 为 143)。或者,应注释掉“port = 0”行,这将允许 dovecot 回退并使用默认端口值。

此配置的另一个问题是,ssl 被设置为“no”,而它应该被设置为“required”,因为 postfix 配置中使用了骗人的证书。因此,这些证书也应该在 dovecot 配置中使用。

ssl = required
ssl_cert = </etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem 
ssl_key = </etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key

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