我正在尝试在 RHEL 7.5 服务器上安装 texlive-xetex。该服务器已提前为我“设置”。
然而，当我尝试安装时，它抱怨 texlive-kpathsea-lib 受到保护。
[root@hostname ~]# yum install -y texlive-xetex
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package texlive-xetex.noarch 2:svn26330.0.9997.5-38.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: tex-xetexconfig for package: 2:texlive-xetex-svn26330.0.9997.5-38.el7.noarch
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-xetex-bin for package: 2:texlive-xetex-svn26330.0.9997.5-38.el7.noarch
--> Running transaction check
---> Package texlive-xetex-bin.x86_64 2:svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: texlive-kpathsea-lib = 2:2012-38.20130427_r30134.el7 for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: teckit for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libTECkit.so.0()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicudata.so.50()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicui18n.so.50()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libicuuc.so.50()(64bit) for package: 2:texlive-xetex-bin-svn26912.0-38.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
---> Package texlive-xetexconfig.noarch 2:svn28819.0-38.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libicu.x86_64 0:50.1.2-17.el7 will be installed
---> Package teckit.x86_64 0:2.5.1-11.el7 will be installed
---> Package texlive-kpathsea-lib.i686 2:2012-38.20130427_r30134.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Multilib version problems found. This often means that the root
cause is something else and multilib version checking is just
pointing out that there is a problem. Eg.:
1. You have an upgrade for texlive-kpathsea-lib which is missing some
dependency that another package requires. Yum is trying to
solve this by installing an older version of texlive-kpathsea-lib of the
different architecture. If you exclude the bad architecture
yum will tell you what the root cause is (which package
requires what). You can try redoing the upgrade with
--exclude texlive-kpathsea-lib.otherarch ... this should give you an error
message showing the root cause of the problem.
2. You have multiple architectures of texlive-kpathsea-lib installed, but
yum can only see an upgrade for one of those architectures.
If you don't want/need both architectures anymore then you
can remove the one with the missing update and everything
will work.
3. You have duplicate versions of texlive-kpathsea-lib installed already.
You can use "yum check" to get yum show these errors.
...you can also use --setopt=protected_multilib=false to remove
this checking, however this is almost never the correct thing to
do as something else is very likely to go wrong (often causing
much more problems).
Protected multilib versions: 2:texlive-kpathsea-lib-2012-38.20130427_r30134.el7.i686 != 2:texlive-kpathsea-lib-2012-43.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
但是我只安装了 kpathsea-lib X86_64。
[root@hostname ~]# rpm -qa | grep -i kpathsea
texlive-kpathsea-svn28792.0-43.el7.noarch
texlive-kpathsea-bin-svn27347.0-43.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
texlive-kpathsea-lib-2012-43.20130427_r30134.el7.x86_64
在我看来，它想要安装 kpathsea-lib.i686。因此，我检查了以下几点：
[root@hostname ~]# yum check
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
check all
[root@hostname ~]# yum check --showduplicates
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
check all
[root@hostname ~]# rpm -qa --dupes
gpg-pubkey.(none)
kernel-devel.x86_64
kernel.x86_64
[root@hostname ~]# package-cleanup --cleandupes
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, subscription-manager
No duplicates to remove
仓库列表如下：
Loaded plugins: langpacks, product-id, search-disabled-repos, subscription-manager, tmprepo
repo id repo name status
epel/x86_64 Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 13,225
pgdg10/7Server/x86_64 PostgreSQL 10 7Server - x86_64 719
pgdg11/7Server/x86_64 PostgreSQL 11 7Server - x86_64 546
pgdg94/7Server/x86_64 PostgreSQL 9.4 7Server - x86_64 788
pgdg95/7Server/x86_64 PostgreSQL 9.5 7Server - x86_64 781
pgdg96/7Server/x86_64 PostgreSQL 9.6 7Server - x86_64 785
remi-php72 Remi's PHP 7.2 RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 370
remi-safe Safe Remi's RPM repository for Enterprise Linux 7 - x86_64 3,451
rhel-7-server-eus-optional-rpms/7Server/x86_64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server - Extended Update Support - Opti 13,684
rhel-7-server-rpms/7Server/x86_64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server (RPMs) 24,345
repolist: 58,694
但是，现在我陷入困境。非常欢迎任何帮助或建议。
谢谢。
答案1
我在您的存储库列表中看到的明显问题是系统仅部分设置了扩展更新支持存储库：
rhel-7-server-eus-optional-rpms/7Server/x86_64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server - Extended Update Support - Opti 13,684
rhel-7-server-rpms/7Server/x86_64 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Server (RPMs) 24,345
可选频道在 EUS 上，但基本频道不在。
由于该包texlive-xetex-bin位于可选渠道中，而它所依赖的包texlive-kpathsea-lib位于基本渠道中，因此您会遇到此版本不匹配的情况。
为了解决这个问题，您应该将基本渠道切换到 EUS（如果系统有权使用 EUS），或者将可选渠道关闭 EUS（并允许系统更新到 RHEL 7.6）。
例如，继续进行 EUS：
subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-eus-rpms
subscription-manager repos --disable=rhel-7-server-rpms
subscription-manager release --set=7.5
或者停止 EUS：
subscription-manager repos --enable=rhel-7-server-optional-rpms
subscription-manager repos --disable=rhel-7-server-eus-optional-rpms
subscription-manager release --unset
有关更多信息，请参阅此 Red Hat KB 文章：如何将系统与 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 的特定更新绑定？