我目前正在尝试使用以下方法配置以太网桥接 VPNOpenVPN。但是，每当我尝试设置以太网桥时，服务器（Raspberry Pi）都会与内部网络断开连接。我使用以下脚本来初始化我的以太网桥
#!/bin/bash
# Define physical ethernet interface to be bridged
# with TAP interface(s) above.
eth="eth0"
eth_ip="192.168.144.200"
eth_netmask="255.255.255.0"
eth_broadcast="192.168.144.255"
eth_gateway="192.168.144.1"
eth_mac="B8:27:EB:48:6D:E3"
# Define Bridge Interface
br="br0"
# Define list of TAP interfaces to be bridged together
tap="tap0"
#################################
# Set up Ethernet bridge on Linux
# Requires: bridge-utils
#################################
for t in $tap; do
openvpn --mktun --dev $t
done
brctl addbr $br
brctl addif $br $eth
for t in $tap; do
brctl addif $br $t
done
for t in $tap; do
ifconfig $t 0.0.0.0 promisc up
iptables -A INPUT -i $t -j ACCEPT
done
iptables -A INPUT -i $br -j ACCEPT
iptables -A FORWARD -i $br -j ACCEPT
ifconfig $eth 0.0.0.0 promisc up
ifconfig $br $eth_ip netmask $eth_netmask broadcast $eth_broadcast
ip link set $br address $eth_mac
dhclient $br
ifconfig $br promisc up
route add default gw 192.168.144.1
在调试了整个故事之后，我发现
ifconfig $eth 0.0.0.0 promisc up
导致连接丢失。桥接后的接口配置为
br0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.200 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::7b9:e278:843e:6f22 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether b8:27:eb:48:6d:e3 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 147 bytes 23549 (22.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 155 bytes 75012 (73.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
eth0: flags=4419<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,PROMISC,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::3abb:5937:1299:3dc5 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether b8:27:eb:48:6d:e3 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 1590 bytes 208685 (203.7 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 1422 bytes 314068 (306.7 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 18 bytes 1244 (1.2 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 18 bytes 1244 (1.2 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
tap0: flags=4355<UP,BROADCAST,PROMISC,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 5e:f6:5f:df:6b:10 txqueuelen 100 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlan0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.144.150 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.144.255
inet6 fe80::9cd2:30b9:74fc:c92d prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether b8:27:eb:1d:38:b6 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 366 bytes 111524 (108.9 KiB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 156 bytes 30687 (29.9 KiB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
有什么办法可以解决这个问题吗？通常只有桥接接口才应该有 IP 地址。但如果我没有为 eht0 分配 IP 地址，终端连接就会中止，我无法再连接。
笔记： 我已经检查过 iptables 并且 net.ipv4.ip_forward 设置为 1。
答案1
这就是我设法保持连接正常运转的方法。
我使用了一个脚本，因为我是通过远程连接的eth0- 关闭它会导致连接关闭。
与问题中的脚本相比，我所做的更改首先是确保 DHCP 服务未运行，以防止其（重新）分配 IP 地址，其次eth0是冲洗 eth0删除地址。
# Define Bridge Interface
br="br0"
# Define list of TAP interfaces to be bridged,
# for example tap="tap0 tap1 tap2".
tap="tap0"
# Define physical ethernet interface to be bridged
# with TAP interface(s) above.
eth="eth0"
eth_ip="192.168.178.20"
eth_netmask="255.255.255.0"
eth_broadcast="192.168.178.255"
eth_gateway="192.168.178.1"
for t in $tap; do
openvpn --mktun --dev $t
done
brctl addbr $br
brctl addif $br $eth
# Stop dhcpcd if running
systemctl stop dhcpcd
for t in $tap; do
brctl addif $br $t
done
for t in $tap; do
ifconfig $t 0.0.0.0 promisc up
done
#ip addr del $eth_ip dev $eth
ip addr flush dev $eth
ifconfig $eth 0.0.0.0 promisc up
ifconfig $br $eth_ip netmask $eth_netmask broadcast $eth_broadcast
route add default gw $eth_gateway $br
for t in $tap; do
ifconfig $t up
done
ifconfig $br up
根据您的防火墙规则（无论您是否有活动防火墙），您可能需要相应地设置规则（如上所述）。