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MDADM RAID-1 在相同的分区表上“不够大，无法连接阵列”

tag-icon • tag-icon linux raid mdadm raid1
MDADM RAID-1 在相同的分区表上“不够大，无法连接阵列”

我有两个具有相同分区表（sudo sfdisk -d /dev/sda | sudo sfdisk /dev/sdb）的磁盘，它们mdadm拒绝合并为 RAID-1 阵列。

$ sudo mdadm --manage /dev/md0 --add /dev/sdb1
mdadm: /dev/sdb1 not large enough to join array

对于这里发生的事情有什么想法吗？

细节

$ sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
           Version : 1.2
     Creation Time : Thu Mar 22 19:34:24 2018
        Raid Level : raid1
        Array Size : 976627712 (931.38 GiB 1000.07 GB)
     Used Dev Size : 976627712 (931.38 GiB 1000.07 GB)
      Raid Devices : 2
     Total Devices : 1
       Persistence : Superblock is persistent

     Intent Bitmap : Internal

       Update Time : Tue Aug 25 11:56:19 2020
             State : clean, degraded 
    Active Devices : 1
   Working Devices : 1
    Failed Devices : 0
     Spare Devices : 0

Consistency Policy : bitmap

              Name : hostname:0  (local to host hostname)
              UUID : xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx
            Events : 459187

    Number   Major   Minor   RaidDevice State
       -       0        0        0      removed
       1       8        1        1      active sync   /dev/sda1

$ sudo parted /dev/sda unit s print
Model: XXX (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 1953525168s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start  End          Size         Type     File system  Flags
 1      2048s  1948268543s  1948266496s  primary               raid

$ sudo parted /dev/sdb unit s print
Model: XXX (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 1953519616s
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Disk Flags: 

Number  Start  End          Size         Type     File system  Flags
 1      2048s  1948268543s  1948266496s  primary               raid

$ sudo mdadm -E /dev/sda1
/dev/sda1:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x1
     Array UUID : xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx
           Name : hostname:0  (local to host hostname)
  Creation Time : Thu Mar 22 19:34:24 2018
     Raid Level : raid1
   Raid Devices : 2

 Avail Dev Size : 1948004352 (928.88 GiB 997.38 GB)
     Array Size : 976627712 (931.38 GiB 1000.07 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 1953255424 (931.38 GiB 1000.07 GB)
    Data Offset : 262144 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
   Unused Space : before=262056 sectors, after=18446744073704300544 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx

Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
    Update Time : Tue Aug 25 12:39:03 2020
  Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
       Checksum : f47ecd0c - correct
         Events : 459193


   Device Role : Active device 1
   Array State : .A ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)

$ sudo mdadm -E /dev/sdb1
/dev/sdb1:
          Magic : a92b4efc
        Version : 1.2
    Feature Map : 0x1
     Array UUID : xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx
           Name : hostname:0  (local to host hostname)
  Creation Time : Thu Mar 22 19:34:24 2018
     Raid Level : raid1
   Raid Devices : 2

 Avail Dev Size : 1948004352 (928.88 GiB 997.38 GB)
     Array Size : 976627712 (931.38 GiB 1000.07 GB)
  Used Dev Size : 1953255424 (931.38 GiB 1000.07 GB)
    Data Offset : 262144 sectors
   Super Offset : 8 sectors
   Unused Space : before=262056 sectors, after=18446744073704300544 sectors
          State : clean
    Device UUID : xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx:xxxxxxxx

Internal Bitmap : 8 sectors from superblock
    Update Time : Tue Aug 25 10:03:24 2020
  Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 72 sectors
       Checksum : 4e58ad84 - correct
         Events : 81346


   Device Role : Active device 0
   Array State : A. ('A' == active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)

答案1

您可能最初使用整个磁盘构建阵列，没有任何分区。后来您可能添加了分区表，这会让事情变得混乱。MADM 需要整个磁盘。

您应该考虑元数据格式，它可能无法判断 RAID 元数据是否适用于整个磁盘或仅适用于分区。您可以使用较新的元数据格式重建阵列。

您可以创建一个新的 RAID 阵列，将第二个驱动器作为唯一活动卷，覆盖整个分区，减去几 MB 作为安全裕度，以防此问题再次发生。然后将所有数据从旧阵列复制到新阵列。

最后擦除原始阵列，然后将旧磁盘添加到新阵列。

答案2

我也遇到过这个问题。罪魁祸首是我重新排列了磁盘上的一些分区，但分区的大小（太小）反映了已经删除的分区。我不得不触发对当前磁盘分区表的重新读取，并扩大分区。

$ sudo partprobe /dev/sdb # to re-read current partition table of the device

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