我proxy_pass在 Docker 中（Windows 下）在本地计算机上测试 nginx 配置。
我的 nginx 配置文件：
server {
listen 80;
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://example.com;
}
}
Dockerfile：
FROM nginx
COPY nginx.conf /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf
EXPOSE 80 443
然后构建镜像并运行它：
docker run -d -p 8081:80 nginxproxy
而http://localhost:8081我从未达到http://example.com
代理不起作用。我总是得到404 未找到错误。
为什么？
更新
docker exec nginxproxy nginx -T
给出：
$ docker exec nginxproxy nginx -T
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful
# configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf:
user nginx;
worker_processes auto;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/mime.types:
types {
text/html html htm shtml;
text/css css;
text/xml xml;
image/gif gif;
image/jpeg jpeg jpg;
application/javascript js;
application/atom+xml atom;
application/rss+xml rss;
text/mathml mml;
text/plain txt;
text/vnd.sun.j2me.app-descriptor jad;
text/vnd.wap.wml wml;
text/x-component htc;
image/png png;
image/svg+xml svg svgz;
image/tiff tif tiff;
image/vnd.wap.wbmp wbmp;
image/webp webp;
image/x-icon ico;
image/x-jng jng;
image/x-ms-bmp bmp;
font/woff woff;
font/woff2 woff2;
application/java-archive jar war ear;
application/json json;
application/mac-binhex40 hqx;
application/msword doc;
application/pdf pdf;
application/postscript ps eps ai;
application/rtf rtf;
application/vnd.apple.mpegurl m3u8;
application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml kml;
application/vnd.google-earth.kmz kmz;
application/vnd.ms-excel xls;
application/vnd.ms-fontobject eot;
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint ppt;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.graphics odg;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation odp;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet ods;
application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text odt;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation
pptx;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet
xlsx;
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document
docx;
application/vnd.wap.wmlc wmlc;
application/x-7z-compressed 7z;
application/x-cocoa cco;
application/x-java-archive-diff jardiff;
application/x-java-jnlp-file jnlp;
application/x-makeself run;
application/x-perl pl pm;
application/x-pilot prc pdb;
application/x-rar-compressed rar;
application/x-redhat-package-manager rpm;
application/x-sea sea;
application/x-shockwave-flash swf;
application/x-stuffit sit;
application/x-tcl tcl tk;
application/x-x509-ca-cert der pem crt;
application/x-xpinstall xpi;
application/xhtml+xml xhtml;
application/xspf+xml xspf;
application/zip zip;
application/octet-stream bin exe dll;
application/octet-stream deb;
application/octet-stream dmg;
application/octet-stream iso img;
application/octet-stream msi msp msm;
audio/midi mid midi kar;
audio/mpeg mp3;
audio/ogg ogg;
audio/x-m4a m4a;
audio/x-realaudio ra;
video/3gpp 3gpp 3gp;
video/mp2t ts;
video/mp4 mp4;
video/mpeg mpeg mpg;
video/quicktime mov;
video/webm webm;
video/x-flv flv;
video/x-m4v m4v;
video/x-mng mng;
video/x-ms-asf asx asf;
video/x-ms-wmv wmv;
video/x-msvideo avi;
}
# configuration file /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:
server {
listen 80;
location / {
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_pass http://example.com;
}
}
答案1
好的，我做了一些测试。问题出在这行：
proxy_set_header Host $host;
此行的作用是，代理的 http 请求使用与原始请求相同的主机名发送到代理。因此，当您调用http://localhost:8081代理时，代理会发出请求，example.com但使用本地主机作为主机名。
当 example.com 配置了一个名为 VirtualHost 的服务器，它只对 做出反应example.com（example.com 确实会这样做），您会得到 404，因为最终服务器会收到对 的请求localhost。
有两种解决方案：
- 从你的 nginx 配置中删除该行。
- 用 调用您的代理
example.com（使用本地 DNS 条目或主机文件中指向 的条目127.0.0.1），以便代理在 http 请求中使用正确的主机名。