我的工作站装有 Centos 7，里面有 7 个 14TB RAID5。上周，其中一个驱动器被 SMART (/dev/sde) 标记为故障。我使用 mdadm 将此驱动器标记为故障，并将其从阵列中移除……长话短说……我最终拔出了错误的驱动器！
现在，我的 Centos 处于紧急模式（我的操作系统位于阵列之外的驱动器上），我可以运行 mdadm 来分析阵列。看来我的 /dev/md127 阵列处于非活动状态，所有驱动器都标记为备用。
cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities :
md127 : inactive sdc[6](S) sdf[9](S) sdg[10](S) sde[8](S) sdd[7](S) sdb[5](S) sdh[11](S)
95705752576 blocks super 1.2
unused devices: <none>
由于某种原因，这里它显示为 raid0：
mdadm -D /dev/md127
/dev/md127:
Version : 1.2
Raid Level : raid0
Total Devices : 7
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
State : inactive
Working Devices : 7
Name : c103950:127
UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Events : 539502
Number Major Minor RaidDevice
- 8 16 - /dev/sdb
- 8 32 - /dev/sdc
- 8 48 - /dev/sdd
- 8 64 - /dev/sde
- 8 80 - /dev/sdf
- 8 96 - /dev/sdg
- 8 112 - /dev/sdh
当我检查单个驱动器时：
mdadm -E /dev/sdb
/dev/sdb:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352blea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 136b95a5:1589d83d:bdb059dd:e2e9e02f
Update Time : Thu Jul 15 12:47:37 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: 4e727166 - correct
Events : 539502
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 1
Array State : AAAA..A ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
******
mdadm -E /dev/sdc
/dev/sdc:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 64cac230:bc1e2bf5:65323067:5439f101
Update Time : Thu Jul 15 12:47:37 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: ecd93778 - correct
Events : 539502
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 6
Array State : AAAA..A ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
******
mdadm -E /dev/sdd
/dev/sdd:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 2dd7e6d6:6c035b33:0072796b:d3685558
Update Time : Thu Jul 15 12:47:37 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: 2bda98d - correct
Events : 539502
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 0
Array State : AAAA..A ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
******
mdadm -E /dev/sde
/dev/sde:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : active
Device UUID : 8e6bd6de:15483efa:82c1917d:569ee387
Update Time : Thu Jul 13 10:30:54 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: c050eb4 - correct
Events : 539489
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 4
Array State : AAAAAAA ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
******
mdadm -E /dev/sdf
/dev/sdf:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 93452dc8:3fba28ce:c7d33d00:7c1838fd
Update Time : Thu Jul 15 12:47:37 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: e995ceb8 - correct
Events : 539502
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 2
Array State : AAAA..A ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
******
mdadm -E /dev/sdg
/dev/sdg:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 48fe7b1b:751e6993:4eb73b66:a1313185
Update Time : Thu Jul 15 12:47:37 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: f81be84f - correct
Events : 539502
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 3
Array State : AAAA..A ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)
******
mdadm -E /dev/sdh
/dev/sdh:
Magic : a92b4efc
Version : 1.2
Feature Map : 0x0
Array UUID : a6f44e2c:352b1ea0:bd25d626:cac0177c
Name : c103950:127
Creation Time : Thu Jul 26 12:21:27 2018
Raid Level : raid5
Raid Devices : 7
Avail Dev Size : 27344500736 sectors (13038.87 GiB 14000.38 GB)
Array Size : 82033502208 KiB (78233.24 GiB 84002.31 GB)
Data Offset : 264192 sectors
Super Offset : 8 sectors
Unused Space : before-264112 sectors, after-0 sectors
State : clean
Device UUID : 80448326:c8b82624:a8e31b97:18246b58
Update Time : Thu Jul 15 12:04:35 2021
Bad Block Log : 512 entries available at offset 32 sectors
Checksum: 9800dd88 - correct
Events : 539497
Layout left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 512K
Device Role : Active device 5
Array State : AAAA.AA ('A'== active, '.' == missing, 'R' == replacing)******
/dev/sde 是故障驱动器，而 /dev/sdh 是我错误拉出的驱动器。请注意更新事件和时间的差异。我现在想重新组装阵列，想知道最安全的方法是什么。
请帮忙！感谢您的阅读。
答案1
我可以通过运行以下命令解决这个问题：
mdadm --assemble --force /dev/md127 /dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sdf /dev/sdg /dev/sdh
它恢复了处于降级状态的 6/7 个驱动器阵列。如果没有 --force 选项，它就无法工作。我想我很幸运，/dev/sdh 和其余的之间的事件计数差异并不大。之后，我能够使用以下命令将新磁盘添加到阵列：
mdadm --manage /dev/md127 --add /dev/sde
经过 49 小时的重建，我的阵列再次完整了。