很多时候，当我必须对系统进行更改时，我会从 USB 驱动器启动到新构建的 NanoBSD，然后将池导入系统。在从 8.2 过渡到 9.1 的过程中，我做了同样的事情 - 从 USB 驱动器启动新构建的 NanoBSD 9.1。当我使用以下命令在新系统中导入池时：
# zfs import tank
系统约10秒无响应，则提示信息：
ahcich0: Timeout on slot 0 port 0
ahcich0: is 00000000 cs 00000001 ss 00000000 rs 00000001 tfd 58 serr 00000000 cmd 0000c017
(ada0:ahcich0:0:0:0): READ_MUL. ACB: C4 00 00 00 00 40 00 00 00 00 00 00
(ada0:ahcich0:0:0:0): CAM status: Command timeout
(ada0:ahcich0:0:0:0): Retrying command
消息重复。
请帮助我解决在新系统中导入池的问题。
系统：
- USB 驱动器上的 NanoBSD 8.2->9.1
- ZFS 镜像上的 Jails
ZFS 15 版
# zpool list
NAME SIZE USED AVAIL CAP HEALTH ALTROOT
tank 464G 11.8G 452G 2% ONLINE -
# zpool status
pool: tank
state: ONLINE
scrub: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
tank ONLINE 0 0 0
mirror ONLINE 0 0 0
ada0 ONLINE 0 0 0
ada1 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
在 NanoBSD 8.2 中我使用了 ATA_CAM：
# ATA controllers
device ahci # AHCI-compatible SATA controllers
device ata # Legacy ATA/SATA controllers
options ATA_CAM # Handle legacy controllers with CAM
options ATA_STATIC_ID # Static device numbering
device mvs # Marvell 88SX50XX/88SX60XX/88SX70XX/SoC SATA
device siis # SiliconImage SiI3124/SiI3132/SiI3531 SATA
在 NanoBSD 9.1 中默认使用 ATA_CAM。
调整：
# cat /boot/loader.conf
# BOOT
loader_logo=none # Disable the loader logo
autoboot_delay=2 # Reduce the autoboot delay to 2 seconds
hw.ata.atapi_dma=0 # Disable DMA for ATAPI (CD) drive
hw.ata.ata_dma=0 # Disable DMA for hard-drive and CF
hw.ata.wc=0 # Disable disk write caching
net.fibs=16 # Numbers of FIB
kern.cam.boot_delay=10000 # Fix booting from USB device bug
# GEOM
kern.geom.raid.enable=0 # Fix GEOM_RAID in GENERIC
硬件：
ahci0@pci0:0:31:2: class=0x010601 card=0x868015d9 chip=0x26818086 rev=0x09 hdr=0x00
vendor = 'Intel Corporation'
device = 'LSI LOGIC, 62089A2, LSISAS1068 B0, T 0620, WE 119200.1 (62089A2)'
class = mass storage
subclass = SATA
cap 01[70] = powerspec 2 supports D0 D3 current D0
cap 12[a8] = SATA Index-Data Pair
# dmesg | grep ahci
ahci0: <Intel ESB2 AHCI SATA controller> port 0x18c0-0x18c7,0x1894-0x1897,0x1898-0x189f,0x1890-0x1893,0x18a0-0x18bf mem 0xd8500400-0xd85007ff irq 19 at device 31.2 on pci0
ahci0: [ITHREAD]
ahci0: AHCI v1.10 with 6 3Gbps ports, Port Multiplier supported
ahcich0: <AHCI channel> at channel 0 on ahci0
ahcich0: [ITHREAD]
ahcich1: <AHCI channel> at channel 1 on ahci0
ahcich1: [ITHREAD]
ahcich2: <AHCI channel> at channel 2 on ahci0
ahcich2: [ITHREAD]
ahcich3: <AHCI channel> at channel 3 on ahci0
ahcich3: [ITHREAD]
ahcich4: <AHCI channel> at channel 4 on ahci0
ahcich4: [ITHREAD]
ahcich5: <AHCI channel> at channel 5 on ahci0
ahcich5: [ITHREAD]
ada0 at ahcich0 bus 0 scbus1 target 0 lun 0
ada1 at ahcich1 bus 0 scbus2 target 0 lun 0
# smartctl -a /dev/ada0
smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE-p10 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Deskstar 7K500
Device Model: HDS725050KLA360
Serial Number: KRVN0AZBGKP2RJ
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 20ec80978
Firmware Version: K2AOAB0A
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 7
ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 1
Local Time is: Wed Mar 20 09:59:39 2013 EET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 016 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 160 160 050 Pre-fail Offline - 202
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 140 140 024 Pre-fail Always - 499 (Average 499)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 104
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 100 100 020 Pre-fail Offline - 54
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 20807
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 102
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 463
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 463
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 157 157 000 Old_age Always - 35 (Min/Max 16/52)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
# smartctl -a /dev/ada1
smartctl 5.43 2012-06-30 r3573 [FreeBSD 8.2-RELEASE-p10 amd64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-12 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi Deskstar 7K500
Device Model: HDS725050KLA360
Serial Number: KRVP67ZBGTLUEF
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 20ecb2f8e
Firmware Version: K2AOAB0A
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 7
ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-7 T13 1532D revision 1
Local Time is: Wed Mar 20 09:59:41 2013 EET
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 099 099 016 Pre-fail Always - 131072
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 100 100 050 Pre-fail Offline - 110
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 150 150 024 Pre-fail Always - 393 (Average 540)
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 92
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 134 134 020 Pre-fail Offline - 32
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 098 098 000 Old_age Always - 20476
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 90
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 454
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 100 100 050 Old_age Always - 454
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 141 141 000 Old_age Always - 39 (Min/Max 19/53)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
答案1
今天硬盘上的一个文件已经无法使用了 - 我认为系统定期消失导致导入池时出现错误。错误是硬件错误，与系统更新同时发生。