我刚刚安装了 Xubuntu 12.04.2。检测到我的声卡：
thomas@thomas-pc:~$ sudo aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
Home directory /home/thomas not ours.
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC889A Analog [ALC889A Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 1: ALC889A Digital [ALC889A Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
所有东西都调到最大alsamixer，没有静音（所有滑块都调到 OO）。我的扬声器不工作，但是当我插入耳机时，我听到的声音很轻。当我连接立体声音响并将声音调得很大（3 个街区外抱怨的邻居的声音很大）时，我听到的声音正常，但是有噼啪声。
我补充道
options snd-hda-intel model=mbp5
amixer set IEC958 off
至 的末尾/etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf。
当它仍然不起作用时我尝试了这里的所有方法：https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SoundTroubleshooting
1
>>> list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9959
volume: 0: 100% 1: 100%
0: 0.00 dB 1: 0.00 dB
balance 0.00
base volume: 100%
0.00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0.00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 371.52 ms
card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 4
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC889A Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC889A Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel at 0x9b500000 irq 46"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.name = "82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC889A"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0885,106b3a00,00100103"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, available: unknown)
properties:
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, available: no)
properties:
active port: <analog-output-speaker>
2 和 3：似乎不是权限问题，声音很远（参见开头段落）。
4
thomas@thomas-pc:~$ sudo aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
Home directory /home/thomas not ours.
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 0: ALC889A Analog [ALC889A Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: Intel [HDA Intel], device 1: ALC889A Digital [ALC889A Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
5
thomas@thomas-pc:~$ find /lib/modules/`uname -r` | grep snd
/lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/core/snd-hwdep.ko
/lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/core/snd-pcm.ko
[.. huge lists continues ..]
/lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/pcmcia/pdaudiocf/snd-pdaudiocf.ko
/lib/modules/3.2.0-48-generic/kernel/sound/pcmcia/vx/snd-vxpocket.ko
thomas@thomas-pc:~$
6
thomas@thomas-pc:~$ lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio"
00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 82801H (ICH8 Family) HD Audio Controller (rev 03)
Subsystem: Apple Inc. Device 00a4
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 46
Memory at 9b500000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: <access denied>
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd-hda-intel
7 我猜是支持的。Linux mint 和 Xubuntu 13.04 在声音方面没有问题。开箱即用
提前致谢
编辑：alsa-info.sh 输出：
WARNING: /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf line 45: ignoring bad line starting with 'amixer'
ALSA Information Script v 0.4.62
--------------------------------
This script visits the following commands/files to collect diagnostic
information about your ALSA installation and sound related hardware.
dmesg
lspci
lsmod
aplay
amixer
alsactl
/proc/asound/
/sys/class/sound/
~/.asoundrc (etc.)
See './alsa-info.sh --help' for command line options.
WARNING: /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf line 45: ignoring bad line starting with 'amixer'
Automatically upload ALSA information to www.alsa-project.org? [y/N] : y
Uploading information to www.alsa-project.org ... Done!
Your ALSA information is located at http://www.alsa-project.org/db/?f=6cffc584284d4c0b266eb53249824ef83d6c4e3e
Please inform the person helping you.
thomas@thomas-pc:~$
答案1
更新 Ubuntu。这可能会解决问题。如果问题仍然存在，请运行：
killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.pulse*
如果这没有帮助，请运行：
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-audio-dev/ppa; sudo apt-get update;sudo apt-get dist-upgrade; sudo apt-get install pavucontrol linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils gdm ubuntu-desktop linux-image-`uname -r` libasound2; sudo apt-get -y --reinstall install linux-sound-base alsa-base alsa-utils gdm ubuntu-desktop linux-image-`uname -r` libasound2; killall pulseaudio; rm -r ~/.pulse*; sudo usermod -aG `cat /etc/group | grep -e '^pulse:' -e '^audio:' -e '^pulse-access:' -e '^pulse-rt:' -e '^video:' | awk -F: '{print $1}' | tr '\n' ',' | sed 's:,$::g'` `whoami`
之后，重新启动。如果没有帮助，请发布此命令的输出：
wget -O alsa-info.sh http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-info.sh && chmod +x ./alsa-info.sh && ./alsa-info.sh
按照说明操作这里了解有关声音故障排除的完整指南。