我在联想 Thinkpad T430 笔记本电脑上运行 Kubuntu 13.10。
我有一个蓝牙音箱。
经过大量的故障排除后，我设法连接到扬声器。bt-device报告：
$ bt-device -l
Added devices:
[Samsung] W_Audio (5C:F6:DC:88:05:62)
$ bt-device -i 5C:F6:DC:88:05:62
[5C:F6:DC:88:05:62]
Name: [Samsung] W_Audio
Alias: [Samsung] W_Audio [rw]
Address: 5C:F6:DC:88:05:62
Icon: audio-card
Class: 0x240404
Paired: 1
Trusted: 1 [rw]
Blocked: 0 [rw]
Connected: 1
UUIDs: [AudioSink, AVRemoteControlTarget, AVRemoteControl]
当我连接到扬声器时，它会播放欢迎声音。当我在蓝牙管理器（我认为是 BlueMon）中单击“音频接收器”时，扬声器会播放另一个声音，并且蓝牙管理器中会出现“成功”消息。
但是蓝牙音频没有出现在设置中的任何地方。没有将声音直接发送到扬声器的选项。所有声音都来自笔记本电脑扬声器，蓝牙扬声器是静音的。
我安装了 pulseaudio 和 pavucontrol（以及一堆其他与 pulseaudio 和蓝牙相关的软件包）。Pavucontrol 在“输出设备”选项卡上仅显示主音频设备，但根据网络上的指南，蓝牙音频应该出现在那里。
那么... 一旦我连接了蓝牙扬声器，我该如何将声音直接传送到那里？
一些可能相关的转储：
$ pacmd list-sinks
Welcome to PulseAudio! Use "help" for usage information.
>>> 1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 9959
volume: 0: 86% 1: 86%
0: -3,93 dB 1: -3,93 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 100%
0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 5,62 ms
max request: 1 KiB
max rewind: 64 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 3
configured latency: 5,80 ms; range is 0,50 .. 371,52 ms
card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 5
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC3202 Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC3202 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf2530000 irq 48"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "1e20"
device.product.name = "7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Intel PantherPoint HDMI"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0269,17aa21f3,00100203 HDA:80862806,80860101,00100000"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: <analog-output-speaker>
$ pacmd list-sources
Welcome to PulseAudio! Use "help" for usage information.
>>> 2 source(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo.monitor>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 1950
volume: 0: 100% 1: 100%
0: 0,00 dB 1: 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 100%
0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0,00 ms
max rewind: 64 KiB
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 2
linked by: 2
configured latency: 20,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 371,52 ms
monitor_of: 0
card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 5
properties:
device.description = "Monitor of Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
device.class = "monitor"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf2530000 irq 48"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "1e20"
device.product.name = "7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
* index: 1
name: <alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1b.0.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: RUNNING
suspend cause:
priority: 9959
volume: 0: 0% 1: 0%
0: -inf dB 1: -inf dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 10%
-60,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0,00 ms
max rewind: 0 KiB
sample spec: s16le 2ch 48000Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Stereo
used by: 1
linked by: 1
configured latency: 20,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 341,33 ms
card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1b.0>
module: 5
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC3202 Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC3202 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xf2530000 irq 48"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1b.0"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1b.0/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "1e20"
device.product.name = "7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High Definition Audio Controller"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
alsa.mixer_name = "Intel PantherPoint HDMI"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0269,17aa21f3,00100203 HDA:80862806,80860101,00100000"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-input-microphone-internal: Internal Microphone (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-microphone-dock: Dock Microphone (priority 7800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-microphone: Microphone (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
active port: <analog-input-microphone-internal>
答案1
要在 Pulse Audio 中启用蓝牙音频设备发现，我们需要确保已加载 pulseaudio 的蓝牙软件包（pulseaudio-模块-蓝牙 应该默认安装）。
这模块蓝牙发现然后负责将蓝牙音频设备作为接收器（或 HSP/电话模式下的源）添加到已知音频设备。
要加载此模块，我们可以发出
pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover
为了在启动 pulseaudio 声音服务器时始终加载此模块，我们将以下几行添加到我们的/etc/pulse/default.pa（或添加到我们自定义的基于用户的~/.pulse/default.pa，或~/.config/pulse/default.pa，如果此文件存在）：
### Automatically load driver modules for Bluetooth hardware
.ifexists module-bluetooth-discover.so
load-module module-bluetooth-discover
.endif
答案2
我也遇到了同样的问题。https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Bluetooth_headset我找到了这个：
注意：设备可能默认关闭。在 pavucontrol 的“配置”选项卡中选择其音频配置文件（OFF、A2DP、HFP）。
选择 A2DP 后就有声音了。