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以下包裹已被扣留

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以下包裹已被扣留 
The following packages have been kept back: click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0 0

但

很明显，所有这些包要么被搁置在某个地方，要么处于某种冲突中，要么会导致冲突。我不明白为什么或在哪里。它们既不被锁定在突触中，也不被apt或 所阻碍aptitude。

我很好奇为什么这些包裹被扣留？我无法通过apt-get dist-upgrade或 来克服这个问题apt-get --with-new-pkgs upgrade。

我使用的是 Linux Mint 17.3。

apt-cache policy click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0:

click:
  Installed: 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1
  Candidate: 0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1
  Version table:
     0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
 *** 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.4.21.1ubuntu0.2 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     0.4.21.1 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
click-dev:
  Installed: 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1
  Candidate: 0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1
  Version table:
     0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
 *** 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.4.21.1ubuntu0.2 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     0.4.21.1 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
gir1.2-click-0.4:
  Installed: 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1
  Candidate: 0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1
  Version table:
     0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
 *** 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.4.21.1ubuntu0.2 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     0.4.21.1 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
libclick-0.4-0:
  Installed: 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1
  Candidate: 0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1
  Version table:
     0.4.43+16.04.20160203-0~606~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        500 http://ppa.launchpad.net/ubuntu-sdk-team/ppa/ubuntu/ trusty/main amd64 Packages
 *** 0.4.42+16.04.20151229-0~467~ubuntu14.04.1 0
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     0.4.21.1ubuntu0.2 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty-updates/main amd64 Packages
        500 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-security/main amd64 Packages
     0.4.21.1 0
        500 http://mirror.vutbr.cz/ubuntu/archive/ trusty/main amd64 Packages

调试：

apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=true install click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 0
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 0
Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  python3-click-package
Suggested packages:
  ubuntu-app-launch-tools upstart-app-launch-tools
Recommended packages:
  debootstrap
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  python3-click
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python3-click-package
The following packages will be upgraded:
  click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0
4 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 146 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1,024 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

问题的重现：

apt-get dist-upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages have been kept back:
  click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.

修复后：

apt-get install click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
click-dev is already the newest version.
click-dev set to manually installed.
click is already the newest version.
libclick-0.4-0 is already the newest version.
libclick-0.4-0 set to manually installed.
gir1.2-click-0.4 is already the newest version.
gir1.2-click-0.4 set to manually installed.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.

答案1

根据海报，以下命令有效

apt-get -o Debug::pkgProblemResolver=true install click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0

并给出结果

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Starting pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 0
Starting 2 pkgProblemResolver with broken count: 0
Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  python3-click-package
Suggested packages:
  ubuntu-app-launch-tools upstart-app-launch-tools
Recommended packages:
  debootstrap
The following packages will be REMOVED:
  python3-click
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python3-click-package
The following packages will be upgraded:
  click click-dev gir1.2-click-0.4 libclick-0.4-0
4 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 1 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 146 kB of archives.
After this operation, 1,024 B of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]

因此，运行显式apt-get install.

我要求发布者在没有调试标志的情况下运行它，看看它是否给出相同的结果，但显然他已经运行了调试版本。

答案2

当所识别的包的依赖关系发生更改并且需要安装新的包时，就会发生这种情况。我们需要使用 dist-upgrade 来安装新的依赖项并升级软件包：

sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

检查损坏的依赖关系

apt-get check

修复损坏的包

apt-get -f install

删除系统上不再安装的软件包的 .deb 文件

apt-get autoclean

保留所需的包裹

echo "<package_name> hold" | dpkg --set-selections

重新配置指定的包：

dpkg-reconfigure <package_name>

答案3

升级版本/软件包后，错误“以下软件包已被保留”确实经常发生。

软件包是从另一个存储库安装的，或者由于软件包错误不那么频繁，某些依赖性未得到满足，或者在没有用户干预的情况下无法满足其他要求，包括在特定软件包的有些不兼容版本之间做出重大升级的决定。

在某些情况下，执行 apt-get install 软件包名称就足够了，而在其他情况下，则需要添加缺少的存储库。

关于你的情况，我发现了这个帖子：

Snappy 开发者工具

看来 beta PPA 中的 ubuntu-device-flash 包需要依赖包“click-ubuntu-policy”，在 Trusty 中找不到，添加 ppa:snappy-dev/tools 然后我认为可以安装 snappy-tools，可以您帮助验证此解决方案并提交有关此问题的错误吗？

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