我在使用新款戴尔 Inspiron 15 (7559) 时遇到了重大问题。这是最新款，配备 NVIDIA GTX 960M 显卡、第六代英特尔酷睿 i7-6700HQ 处理器 (Skylake)、128GB SSD、1TB HDD 和 16GB RAM。
我尝试将它与 Kubuntu 15.10 一起使用。从 Live USB 驱动器首次启动时需要在启动时在 GRUB 中设置“nomodeset”，然后安装顺利进行，更新作为安装的一部分进行安装。这导致 grub 配置中保留了“nomodeset”，并使用 nouveau 驱动程序，虽然运行正常但速度较慢，并且笔记本电脑无法从睡眠状态恢复，屏幕变黑，网络无响应。
我尝试了各种 Nvidia 驱动程序 (352、355、358)、内核 (4.2、4.3、4.4rc3) 组合，并在启动时设置“nomodeset”、i915_preliminary_hw_enable=1 或不设置任何一项，但无论我怎么做，我都无法让笔记本电脑进入 nvidia 模式 (“prime-select nvidia”)，否则只会出现黑屏，然后切换回“prime-select intel”，然后我才能恢复图形。然而，在所有这些组合中，我在从睡眠状态恢复时仍然没有得到任何图形，然而 4.4rc3 确实导致系统在从睡眠状态恢复后在网络上响应 (intel 模式，nomodeset)，所以这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。
使用内核 4.4 和 Nvidia 358，没有“nomodeset”和“i915.preliminary_hw_support=1”，设置了英特尔模式。启动时会冻结，没有 X，出现文本模式登录提示，但键盘没有响应，网络也没有响应。
与上文相同，但启用了“nomodeset”且 i915.preliminary_hw_support=1。启动时黑屏，但网络有响应，因此系统已启动，只是无显示。
在启动时删除 i915.preliminary_hw_support=1 我可以在英特尔模式下获得图形，但睡眠仍然不起作用。
Xorg.0.log 来自 4.3rc3 英特尔模式 nomodeset i915.preliminary_hw_support=1
[ 60.994]
X.Org X Server 1.17.2
Release Date: 2015-06-16
[ 60.994] X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
[ 60.994] Build Operating System: Linux 3.13.0-68-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
[ 60.994] Current Operating System: Linux aureus 4.4.0-040400rc3-generic #201511300321 SMP Mon Nov 30 03:23:36 UTC 2015 x86_64
[ 60.994] Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.4.0-040400rc3-generic root=UUID=f5d8e5f1-6325-4fc0-a785-0addfb0f32d7 ro nomodeset quiet splash i915.preliminary_hw_support=1
[ 60.994] Build Date: 12 November 2015 05:33:29PM
[ 60.994] xorg-server 2:1.17.2-1ubuntu9.1 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
[ 60.994] Current version of pixman: 0.32.6
[ 60.994] Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
to make sure that you have the latest version.
[ 60.994] Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
[ 60.994] (==) Log file: "/var/log/Xorg.0.log", Time: Tue Dec 1 15:45:44 2015
[ 60.994] (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
[ 60.994] (==) No Layout section. Using the first Screen section.
[ 60.994] (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.
[ 60.994] (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)
[ 60.994] (**) | |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
[ 60.995] (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".
Using a default monitor configuration.
[ 60.995] (==) Automatically adding devices
[ 60.995] (==) Automatically enabling devices
[ 60.995] (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
[ 60.995] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
[ 60.995] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 60.995] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
[ 60.995] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 60.995] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
[ 60.995] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 60.995] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
[ 60.995] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 60.995] (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
[ 60.995] Entry deleted from font path.
[ 60.995] (==) FontPath set to:
/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
built-ins
[ 60.995] (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/extra-modules,/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
[ 60.995] (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
[ 60.995] (II) Loader magic: 0x55a51dd6cd40
[ 60.995] (II) Module ABI versions:
[ 60.995] X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
[ 60.995] X.Org Video Driver: 19.0
[ 60.995] X.Org XInput driver : 21.0
[ 60.995] X.Org Server Extension : 9.0
[ 60.995] (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
[ 60.996] (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:191b:1028:0706 rev 6, Mem @ 0xdd000000/16777216, 0xb0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x0000f000/64
[ 60.996] (--) PCI: (0:2:0:0) 10de:139b:1028:0706 rev 162, Mem @ 0xde000000/16777216, 0xc0000000/268435456, 0xd0000000/33554432, I/O @ 0x0000e000/128, BIOS @ 0x????????/524288
[ 60.996] (WW) "glamoregl" will not be loaded unless you've specified it to be loaded elsewhere.
[ 60.996] (II) "glx" will be loaded by default.
[ 60.996] (II) LoadModule: "glx"
[ 60.996] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
[ 60.997] (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.997] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 1.0.0
[ 60.997] ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 9.0
[ 60.997] (==) AIGLX enabled
[ 60.997] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 0
[ 60.997] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 1
[ 60.997] (==) Matched intel as autoconfigured driver 2
[ 60.997] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 3
[ 60.997] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 4
[ 60.997] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 5
[ 60.997] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[ 60.997] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
[ 60.997] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia
[ 60.997] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia"
[ 60.997] (II) Unloading nvidia
[ 60.997] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 60.997] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[ 60.997] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[ 60.997] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.997] compiled for 1.17.1, module version = 1.0.11
[ 60.997] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.997] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.997] (II) LoadModule: "intel"
[ 60.997] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so
[ 60.997] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.997] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 2.99.917
[ 60.997] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.997] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.997] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[ 60.997] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[ 60.997] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.997] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 1.17.2
[ 60.997] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.997] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.997] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[ 60.997] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.1, module version = 0.4.4
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[ 60.998] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.1, module version = 2.3.4
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (==) Matched nvidia as autoconfigured driver 0
[ 60.998] (==) Matched nouveau as autoconfigured driver 1
[ 60.998] (==) Matched intel as autoconfigured driver 2
[ 60.998] (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 3
[ 60.998] (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 4
[ 60.998] (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 5
[ 60.998] (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "nvidia"
[ 60.998] (WW) Warning, couldn't open module nvidia
[ 60.998] (II) UnloadModule: "nvidia"
[ 60.998] (II) Unloading nvidia
[ 60.998] (EE) Failed to load module "nvidia" (module does not exist, 0)
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "nouveau"
[ 60.998] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/nouveau_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module nouveau: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.1, module version = 1.0.11
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (II) UnloadModule: "nouveau"
[ 60.998] (II) Unloading nouveau
[ 60.998] (II) Failed to load module "nouveau" (already loaded, 0)
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "intel"
[ 60.998] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/intel_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module intel: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 2.99.917
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (II) UnloadModule: "intel"
[ 60.998] (II) Unloading intel
[ 60.998] (II) Failed to load module "intel" (already loaded, 0)
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
[ 60.998] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 1.17.2
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 60.998] (II) Unloading modesetting
[ 60.998] (II) Failed to load module "modesetting" (already loaded, 0)
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
[ 60.998] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.1, module version = 0.4.4
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 60.998] (II) Unloading fbdev
[ 60.998] (II) Failed to load module "fbdev" (already loaded, 0)
[ 60.998] (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
[ 60.998] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
[ 60.998] (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 60.998] compiled for 1.17.1, module version = 2.3.4
[ 60.998] Module class: X.Org Video Driver
[ 60.998] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 60.998] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[ 60.998] (II) Unloading vesa
[ 60.998] (II) Failed to load module "vesa" (already loaded, 0)
[ 60.998] (II) NOUVEAU driver Date: Thu Aug 28 03:57:48 2014 +0200
[ 60.998] (II) NOUVEAU driver for NVIDIA chipset families :
[ 60.998] RIVA TNT (NV04)
[ 60.998] RIVA TNT2 (NV05)
[ 60.998] GeForce 256 (NV10)
[ 60.998] GeForce 2 (NV11, NV15)
[ 60.998] GeForce 4MX (NV17, NV18)
[ 60.998] GeForce 3 (NV20)
[ 60.998] GeForce 4Ti (NV25, NV28)
[ 60.998] GeForce FX (NV3x)
[ 60.998] GeForce 6 (NV4x)
[ 60.998] GeForce 7 (G7x)
[ 60.998] GeForce 8 (G8x)
[ 60.998] GeForce GTX 200 (NVA0)
[ 60.998] GeForce GTX 400 (NVC0)
[ 60.998] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Integrated Graphics Chipsets:
i810, i810-dc100, i810e, i815, i830M, 845G, 854, 852GM/855GM, 865G,
915G, E7221 (i915), 915GM, 945G, 945GM, 945GME, Pineview GM,
Pineview G, 965G, G35, 965Q, 946GZ, 965GM, 965GME/GLE, G33, Q35, Q33,
GM45, 4 Series, G45/G43, Q45/Q43, G41, B43
[ 60.998] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) HD Graphics: 2000-6000
[ 60.998] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Graphics: 5100, 6100
[ 60.998] (II) intel: Driver for Intel(R) Iris(TM) Pro Graphics: 5200, 6200, P6300
[ 60.998] (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
[ 60.999] (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
[ 60.999] (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
[ 60.999] (++) using VT number 7
[ 60.999] (EE) [drm] KMS not enabled
[ 61.003] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for modesetting
[ 61.003] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 61.003] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 61.003] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 0.0.2
[ 61.003] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 61.003] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 61.003] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 61.003] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 61.003] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 0.0.2
[ 61.003] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 61.003] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 61.003] (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
[ 61.003] (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
[ 61.003] (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 61.003] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 0.0.2
[ 61.003] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 61.003] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 61.003] (EE) open /dev/fb0: No such file or directory
[ 61.003] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 61.003] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadModule: "modesetting"
[ 61.003] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (EE) Screen 0 deleted because of no matching config section.
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadModule: "fbdev"
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) UnloadSubModule: "fbdevhw"
[ 61.003] (II) Loading sub module "vbe"
[ 61.003] (II) LoadModule: "vbe"
[ 61.003] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libvbe.so
[ 61.003] (II) Module vbe: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 61.003] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 1.1.0
[ 61.003] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 61.003] (II) Loading sub module "int10"
[ 61.003] (II) LoadModule: "int10"
[ 61.003] (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libint10.so
[ 61.004] (II) Module int10: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
[ 61.004] compiled for 1.17.2, module version = 1.0.0
[ 61.004] ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 19.0
[ 61.004] (II) VESA(0): initializing int10
[ 61.004] (EE) VESA(0): V_BIOS address 0xd00 out of range
[ 61.004] (II) UnloadModule: "vesa"
[ 61.004] (II) UnloadSubModule: "int10"
[ 61.004] (II) Unloading int10
[ 61.004] (II) UnloadSubModule: "vbe"
[ 61.004] (II) Unloading vbe
[ 61.004] (EE) Screen(s) found, but none have a usable configuration.
[ 61.004] (EE)
Fatal server error:
[ 61.004] (EE) no screens found(EE)
[ 61.004] (EE)
Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
at http://wiki.x.org
for help.
[ 61.004] (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/log/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
[ 61.004] (EE)
[ 61.004] (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file.
有人知道下一步该尝试什么吗？
答案1
我按照 liren 的回答操作，在我的 Inspison 15 7559 上使用 Xubuntu 15.10、Linux Kernel 4.4、linux-firmare 1.56、nvidia-361 时暂停运行。
我没有足够的声望来对 liren 的答案发表评论，而且我花了一段时间填写每个步骤的空白。所以，我认为这可能会为像我一样没有更新 linux 内核/固件经验的人节省一些时间：
- 从 Windows 中，将 Dell BIOS 更新至 v1.1.5
- 安装 Xubuntu 15.10
- 从安装媒体启动（点击
F12BIOS 启动画面） - 当出现 grub 菜单时，输入
e - 编辑以 开头的行
linux，并将 添加nomodeset到行尾 - 点击
F10启动
- 从安装媒体启动（点击
- 安装Linux内核4.4：
$ cd /tmp $ wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4-wily/linux-headers-4.4.0-040400_4.4.0-040400.201601101930_all.deb $ wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4-wily/linux-headers-4.4.0-040400-generic_4.4.0-040400.201601101930_amd64.deb $ wget http://kernel.ubuntu.com/~kernel-ppa/mainline/v4.4-wily/linux-image-4.4.0-040400-generic_4.4.0-040400.201601101930_amd64.deb $ sudo dpkg -i linux-*.deb
linux-firmware从 Ubuntu 16.04 xenial repo安装v1.56
$ sudo apt-add-repository'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main' $ sudo apt-get 更新 $ sudo apt-get 安装 linux-firmware/xenial $ sudo apt-add-repository -r'deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main' $ sudo apt-get 更新
- 添加
ppa:oibaf/graphics-driversrepo 并执行dist-upgrade（我不知道这是否有必要）
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:oibaf/graphics-drivers $ sudo apt-get 更新 $ sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
- 安装 Nvidia 专有驱动程序
$ sudo apt-add-repository ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa $ sudo apt-get 安装 nvidia-361 nvidia-prime
nomodeset从 grub 默认设置中删除/etc/default/grub- 更改此行：
GRUB_CMDLINE_LILNUX="nomodeset" - 到：
GRUB_CMDLINE_LILNUX=""
- 更改此行：
$ sudo nano /etc/default/grub $ sudo 更新 grub
- 重启并尝试暂停
编辑：
- 修正了添加/删除 linux-firmware xenial repo 的命令
答案2
我也无法让我的 Skylake 笔记本电脑运行任何比 14.04 LTS 更新的版本，也存在类似的图形问题。我尝试了 14.10、15.04 和 15.10，但它们都无法通过 Live CD 的安装阶段。此外，任何 4.xx 内核都无法工作。最后我决定使用 14.04。对我来说没问题。如果您想要更新的软件，您总是可以找到值得信赖的 PPA 或自己构建。
请注意，最新的 Intel Wifi 适配器可能无法在低于 4.xx 的内核上运行。我只是使用外部无线网卡，实际上是使用旧手机进行 USB 网络共享，因为众所周知，各种无线网卡在 Ubuntu 上都存在问题。
Intel 显卡可能存在视频播放问题。我ppa:graphics-drivers/ppa通过软件包安装了专有的 NVIDIA 驱动程序nvidia-355。当我仅在 NVIDIA 卡上运行 Ubuntu 时，视频播放似乎很好。nvidia-settings安装驱动程序后，可以配置此选项。
答案3
在尝试了更多发行版但无果后，我最终选择了 14.04。
虽然经过多次摆弄，我还是设法让无线网络正常工作：cp iwlwifi-7265D-12.ucode iwlwifi-3165-9.ucode cp iwlwifi-7265-12.ucode iwlwifi-3165-12.ucode
总的来说，我有点失望，真心希望 16.04 到来时能够取得一些突破。
答案4
更新：只需安装 16.04，问题就解决了。https://askubuntu.com/a/764979/409773
我已经在这台笔记本电脑上运行 15.10 一段时间了。下面是我让它运行的方法：
- 更新 BIOS（在 Windows 上进行）
- ubuntu/xubuntu 15.10（安装前使用“nomodeset”启动参数）
- 来自 16.04 repo 的最新 linux-firmware 软件包
- 内核 v4.5
- 伊斯兰堡回购
- 英特尔显卡安装程序来自https://01.org/linuxgraphics
- NVIDIA-361
- 精选情报
我不确定这些步骤是否都是必要的，但它确实有效。
顺便说一句，我尝试安装 16.04，但没有成功。看来这个问题要到 16.04.1 或 16.10 才能解决https://askubuntu.com/a/760124/409773