我已经在我的 Sony 上安装了 LinuxVaio VGNZ31XN取代 Windows Vista。
我无法连接到 WiFi，因为内部无线适配器似乎被硬阻止了。我的笔记本电脑侧面的无线开关英特尔 Link 5100 处于 ON 位置；但应该亮的灯却没有亮。
在我们继续之前，我已经安装了 PeppermintOS，因为我的笔记本电脑有些老化了，但是在完成 Ubuntu 19.04 的全新安装后，我的问题仍然存在。
lshw -C 网络：
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: 82567LM Gigabit Network Connection
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 19
bus info: pci@0000:00:19.0
logical name: enp0s25
version: 03
serial: 00:1d:ba:67:5b:d3
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 32 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=e1000e driverversion=3.2.6-k duplex=full firmware=1.8-3 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
resources: irq:25 memory:ae900000-ae91ffff memory:ae924000-ae924fff ioport:8100(size=32)
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
product: WiFi Link 5100
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0
logical name: wlp6s0
version: 00
serial: 00:22:fb:39:48:40
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=4.15.0-43-generic firmware=8.83.5.1 build 33692 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
resources: irq:28 memory:ac800000-ac801fff
*-network DISABLED
description: Wireless interface
physical id: 1
bus info: usb@2:3
logical name: wlx4cedfb2003ac
serial: 4c:ed:fb:20:03:ac
capabilities: ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=4.15.0-43-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
并 rfkill 列出所有：
0: phy0: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: yes
2: phy2: Wireless LAN
Soft blocked: no
Hard blocked: no
这里的“phy2”是我购买的 USB 无线适配器，我以为内置适配器有问题。尽管它似乎没有被硬阻止，但我无法使用它来连接甚至扫描任何无线网络。
我的网络管理器确实看到了这两个适配器，但它们是灰色的。
不用说，我尝试过这个论坛上的许多解决方案，但都没有成功。
lsmod：
Module Size Used by
rt2800usb 32768 0
rt2x00usb 20480 1 rt2800usb
rt2800lib 118784 1 rt2800usb
rt2x00lib 57344 3 rt2800usb,rt2x00usb,rt2800lib
uvcvideo 98304 0
videobuf2_vmalloc 20480 1 uvcvideo
videobuf2_memops 20480 1 videobuf2_vmalloc
videobuf2_v4l2 24576 1 uvcvideo
nouveau 1888256 0
i915 1814528 8
videobuf2_common 49152 2 videobuf2_v4l2,uvcvideo
coretemp 20480 0
r592 20480 0
arc4 16384 4
videodev 200704 3 videobuf2_v4l2,uvcvideo,videobuf2_common
media 53248 4 videodev,videobuf2_v4l2,uvcvideo,videobuf2_common
pcmcia 61440 0
memstick 20480 1 r592
kvmgt 28672 0
yenta_socket 49152 0
iwldvm 233472 0
vfio_mdev 16384 0
mdev 24576 2 kvmgt,vfio_mdev
vfio_iommu_type1 28672 0
ttm 102400 1 nouveau
vfio 32768 3 kvmgt,vfio_mdev,vfio_iommu_type1
mac80211 806912 4 iwldvm,rt2x00lib,rt2x00usb,rt2800lib
pcmcia_rsrc 24576 1 yenta_socket
kvm 626688 1 kvmgt
pcmcia_core 28672 3 pcmcia,pcmcia_rsrc,yenta_socket
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 53248 1
snd_hda_codec_realtek 114688 1
drm_kms_helper 180224 2 i915,nouveau
snd_hda_codec_generic 77824 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
irqbypass 16384 1 kvm
joydev 24576 0
input_leds 16384 0
ledtrig_audio 16384 2 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_realtek
serio_raw 20480 0
iwlwifi 311296 1 iwldvm
snd_hda_intel 40960 3
snd_hda_codec 131072 4 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_core 86016 5 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hwdep 20480 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_pcm 102400 4 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_core
drm 475136 7 drm_kms_helper,i915,ttm,nouveau
snd_seq_midi 20480 0
snd_seq_midi_event 16384 1 snd_seq_midi
mxm_wmi 16384 1 nouveau
wmi_bmof 16384 0
cfg80211 671744 4 iwldvm,rt2x00lib,iwlwifi,mac80211
snd_rawmidi 36864 1 snd_seq_midi
i2c_algo_bit 16384 2 i915,nouveau
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
snd_seq 69632 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event
sony_laptop 61440 0
snd_seq_device 16384 3 snd_seq,snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi
snd_timer 36864 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm
snd 81920 17 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_seq,snd_seq_device,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_timer,snd_pcm,snd_rawmidi
soundcore 16384 1 snd
mac_hid 16384 0
tpm_infineon 20480 0
sch_fq_codel 20480 2
parport_pc 40960 0
ppdev 24576 0
lp 20480 0
parport 53248 3 parport_pc,lp,ppdev
ip_tables 28672 0
x_tables 40960 1 ip_tables
autofs4 45056 2
firewire_ohci 40960 0
psmouse 151552 0
i2c_i801 32768 0
ahci 40960 1
libahci 32768 1 ahci
lpc_ich 24576 0
sdhci_pci 45056 0
cqhci 28672 1 sdhci_pci
firewire_core 65536 1 firewire_ohci
sdhci 57344 1 sdhci_pci
crc_itu_t 16384 1 firewire_core
e1000e 245760 0
wmi 28672 3 wmi_bmof,mxm_wmi,nouveau
video 45056 3 i915,sony_laptop,nouveau
nmcli：
enp0s25: unavailable
"Intel 82567LM"
ethernet (e1000e), 00:1D:BA:67:5B:D3, hw, mtu 1500
wlp6s0: unavailable
"Intel 5100"
wifi (iwlwifi), 00:22:FB:39:48:40, hw, mtu 1500
wlx4cedfb2003ac: unavailable
"ASUSTek Computer USB-N14"
wifi (rt2800usb), 4C:ED:FB:20:03:AC, hw, mtu 1500
lo: unmanaged
"lo"
loopback (unknown), 00:00:00:00:00:00, sw, mtu 65536
sudo lhsw-short-class 网络：
H/W path Device Class Description
=========================================================
/0/100/19 enp0s25 network 82567LM Gigabit Network Connection
/0/100/1c.1/0 wlp6s0 network WiFi Link 5100
/3 wlx4cedfb2003ac network Wireless interface
networkctl状态：
● State: n/a
rfkill：
ID TYPE DEVICE SOFT HARD
0 wlan sony-wifi unblocked blocked
1 bluetooth sony-bluetooth unblocked blocked
2 wlan phy0 unblocked blocked
3 wlan phy1 unblocked unblocked
ls -1 /etc/resolv.conf：
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 May 10 00:19 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf
请参阅lspci-knn| grep -A4 -i“网络控制器”：
06:00.0 Network controller [0280]: Intel Corporation WiFi Link 5100 [8086:4232]
Subsystem: Intel Corporation WiFi Link 5100 AGN [8086:1301]
Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi
Kernel modules: iwlwifi
0b:04.0 CardBus bridge [0607]: Ricoh Co Ltd RL5c476 II [1180:0476] (rev ba)
猫/var/lib/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.state：
[main]
NetworkingEnabled=true
WirelessEnabled=true
WWANEnabled=true
lsusb：
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0b05:17e8 ASUSTek Computer, Inc. USB-N14 802.11b/g/n (2x2) Wireless Adapter [Ralink RT5372]
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 008 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 007 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 006 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 001 Device 003: ID 05ca:18b0 Ricoh Co., Ltd Sony Vaio Integrated Webcam
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
Bus 003 Device 002: ID 147e:1000 Upek Biometric Touchchip/Touchstrip Fingerprint Sensor
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0001 Linux Foundation 1.1 root hub
sudo lshw -C 网络 | grep -i -A12 “无线接口”：
description: Wireless interface
product: WiFi Link 5100
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:06:00.0
logical name: wlp6s0
version: 00
serial: 00:22:fb:39:48:40
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=5.0.0-13-generic firmware=8.83.5.1 build 33692 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
resources: irq:26 memory:ac800000-ac801fff
--
description: Wireless interface
physical id: 3
bus info: usb@2:3
logical name: wlx4cedfb2003ac
serial: 4c:ed:fb:20:03:ac
capabilities: ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=rt2800usb driverversion=5.0.0-13-generic firmware=N/A link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
答案1
我喜欢发布答案，因为@Marmayogi 帮助我找到了一个我认为可以帮助其他人的解决方案。
第一的
echo "blacklist iwlwifi" >> sudo /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
这是一台 VAIO 笔记本电脑
echo "blacklist sony_laptop" >> sudo /etc/modprobe.d/blacklist.conf
然后重启。USB wifi 适配器应该会自动被识别，并让你从可用的 wifi 中进行选择。
具体细节可能因笔记本电脑而异，但如果硬阻止开关坏了并且您被硬阻止的内部 wifi 适配器困住了，这种方法应该会有所帮助。