我安装了 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS，但发现没有声音，我使用的是联想 Legion Y520-15IKBN。我想继续使用 Ubuntu 并学习 Linux，但没有声音对我来说是一种破坏交易的行为，回到 Windows 是我的最后选择。
我尝试了所有 Google 搜索结果和所有“解决方案”，但都不起作用。如果已经有类似的帖子，我也很抱歉，但我确实在 Ubuntu 上搜索了很久，但找不到任何解决方案。
谢谢你的帮助，抱歉我的英语不好:)
首先我想说的是，当我插入 USB 耳机时，音频工作正常，问题出在笔记本电脑的内置扬声器和麦克风上。
以下是我所知道的：
sudo lspci输出：00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v6/7th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 05) 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) (rev 05) 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 630 (rev 04) 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 31) 00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Thermal Subsystem (rev 31) 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 31) 00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] (rev 31) 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev f1) 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev f1) 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 (rev f1) 00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #9 (rev f1) 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM175 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller (rev 31) 00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller (rev 31) 00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation CM238 HD Audio Controller (rev 31) 00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus (rev 31) 01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Mobile] (rev a1) 02:00.0 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller (rev 01) 03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless 8265 / 8275 (rev 78) 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 10) 05:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961sudo lspci -v输出：00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v6/7th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers (rev 05) Subsystem: Lenovo Xeon E3-1200 v6/7th Gen Core Processor Host Bridge/DRAM Registers Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=10 <?> Kernel driver in use: skl_uncore 00:01.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) (rev 05) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 122 Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00004000-00004fff [size=4K] Memory behind bridge: a3000000-a3ffffff [size=16M] Prefetchable memory behind bridge: 0000000090000000-00000000a1ffffff [size=288M] Capabilities: [88] Subsystem: Lenovo Xeon E3-1200 v5/E3-1500 v5/6th Gen Core Processor PCIe Controller (x16) Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [a0] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [140] Root Complex Link Capabilities: [d94] Secondary PCI Express Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation HD Graphics 630 (rev 04) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller]) Subsystem: Lenovo HD Graphics 630 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 138 Memory at a2000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at b0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] I/O ports at 5000 [size=64] Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=128K] Capabilities: [40] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?> Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [ac] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [100] Process Address Space ID (PASID) Capabilities: [200] Address Translation Service (ATS) Capabilities: [300] Page Request Interface (PRI) Kernel driver in use: i915 Kernel modules: i915 00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller (rev 31) (prog-if 30 [XHCI]) Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family USB 3.0 xHCI Controller Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 127 Memory at a4410000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd 00:14.2 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Thermal Subsystem (rev 31) Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Thermal Subsystem Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 18 Memory at a442a000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Kernel driver in use: intel_pch_thermal Kernel modules: intel_pch_thermal 00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller #1 (rev 31) Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family MEI Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 136 Memory at a442b000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [8c] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: mei_me Kernel modules: mei_me 00:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] (rev 31) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0]) Subsystem: Lenovo HM170/QM170 Chipset SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 128 Memory at a4428000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Memory at a442e000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] I/O ports at 5080 [size=8] I/O ports at 5088 [size=4] I/O ports at 5060 [size=32] Memory at a442c000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA v1.0 Kernel driver in use: ahci Kernel modules: ahci 00:1c.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #2 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 123 Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: [disabled] Memory behind bridge: a4300000-a43fffff [size=1M] Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled] Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates Capabilities: [220] Secondary PCI Express Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:1c.2 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #3 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 124 Bus: primary=00, secondary=03, subordinate=03, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: [disabled] Memory behind bridge: a4200000-a42fffff [size=1M] Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled] Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [100] Null Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates Capabilities: [220] Secondary PCI Express Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:1c.3 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #4 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 125 Bus: primary=00, secondary=04, subordinate=04, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00003fff [size=4K] Memory behind bridge: a4100000-a41fffff [size=1M] Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled] Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [100] Null Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services Capabilities: [220] Secondary PCI Express Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port #9 (rev f1) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode]) Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 126 Bus: primary=00, secondary=05, subordinate=05, sec-latency=0 I/O behind bridge: [disabled] Memory behind bridge: a4000000-a40fffff [size=1M] Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled] Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00 Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit- Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Access Control Services Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates Capabilities: [220] Secondary PCI Express Kernel driver in use: pcieport 00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation HM175 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller (rev 31) Subsystem: Lenovo HM175 Chipset LPC/eSPI Controller Flags: bus master, medium devsel, latency 0 00:1f.2 Memory controller: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller (rev 31) Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family Power Management Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0 Memory at a4424000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] 00:1f.3 Audio device: Intel Corporation CM238 HD Audio Controller (rev 31) Subsystem: Lenovo CM238 HD Audio Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 32, IRQ 16 Memory at a4420000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Memory at a4400000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel 00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus (rev 31) Subsystem: Lenovo 100 Series/C230 Series Chipset Family SMBus Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 16 Memory at a442d000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256] I/O ports at 5040 [size=32] Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus Kernel modules: i2c_i801 01:00.0 3D controller: NVIDIA Corporation GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Mobile] (rev a1) Subsystem: Lenovo GP107M [GeForce GTX 1050 Mobile] Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16 Memory at a3000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M] Memory at 90000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M] Memory at a0000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=32M] I/O ports at 4000 [size=128] Capabilities: [60] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [68] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [78] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [250] Latency Tolerance Reporting Capabilities: [258] L1 PM Substates Capabilities: [128] Power Budgeting <?> Capabilities: [420] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [600] Vendor Specific Information: ID=0001 Rev=1 Len=024 <?> Capabilities: [900] Secondary PCI Express Kernel driver in use: nvidia Kernel modules: nvidiafb, nouveau, nvidia_drm, nvidia 02:00.0 SD Host controller: O2 Micro, Inc. SD/MMC Card Reader Controller (rev 01) (prog-if 01) Subsystem: Lenovo SD/MMC Card Reader Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 129 Memory at a4301000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Memory at a4300000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K] Capabilities: [6c] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [48] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit+ Capabilities: [80] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [200] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [230] Latency Tolerance Reporting Capabilities: [240] L1 PM Substates Kernel driver in use: sdhci-pci Kernel modules: sdhci_pci 03:00.0 Network controller: Intel Corporation Wireless 8265 / 8275 (rev 78) Subsystem: Intel Corporation Dual Band Wireless-AC 8265 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 137 Memory at a4200000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K] Capabilities: [c8] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [d0] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [40] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Device Serial Number 00-28-f8-ff-ff-c0-f7-83 Capabilities: [14c] Latency Tolerance Reporting Capabilities: [154] L1 PM Substates Kernel driver in use: iwlwifi Kernel modules: iwlwifi 04:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 10) Subsystem: Lenovo RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 19 I/O ports at 3000 [size=256] Memory at a4104000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K] Memory at a4100000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 01 Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=4 Masked- Capabilities: [d0] Vital Product Data Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 Capabilities: [170] Latency Tolerance Reporting Capabilities: [178] L1 PM Substates Kernel driver in use: r8169 Kernel modules: r8169 05:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961 (prog-if 02 [NVM Express]) Subsystem: Samsung Electronics Co Ltd NVMe SSD Controller SM961/PM961 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16, NUMA node 0 Memory at a4000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3 Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/32 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=33 Masked- Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting Capabilities: [148] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00 Capabilities: [158] Power Budgeting <?> Capabilities: [168] Secondary PCI Express Capabilities: [188] Latency Tolerance Reporting Capabilities: [190] L1 PM Substates Kernel driver in use: nvme Kernel modules: nvme
我尝试清除 pulse、alsa，然后重新安装它们，但似乎没有任何帮助。
当我输入时alsamixer，我得到了这个：
cannot open mixer: No such file or directory
dmsg输出是这样的：
snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: azx_get_response timeout, switching to polling mode: last cmd=0x200f0000
[ 7.699475] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: No response from codec, disabling MSI: last cmd=0x200f0000
[ 8.703470] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: Codec #2 probe error; disabling it...
[ 8.708107] hdaudio hdaudioC0D0: cannot read sub nodes for FG 0x10
[ 8.708111] snd_hda_intel 0000:00:1f.3: no codecs initialized
sudo lshw -C multimedia：
*-usb:0
description: Video
product: EasyCamera
vendor: Chicony Electronics Co.,Ltd.
physical id: 6
bus info: usb@1:6
version: 87.40
serial: 0001
capabilities: usb-2.00
configuration: driver=uvcvideo maxpower=500mA speed=480Mbit/s
*-multimedia
description: Audio device
product: CM238 HD Audio Controller
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 1f.3
bus info: pci@0000:00:1f.3
version: 31
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=32
resources: irq:16 memory:a4420000-a4423fff memory:a4400000-a440ffff
uname-a：
Linux tomo-laptop 5.4.0-29-generic #33-Ubuntu SMP Wed Apr 29 14:32:27 UTC 2020 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
答案1
我遇到了同样的问题。在 Windows 旁边安装了 Ubuntu 20.04 后，我发现它没有声音。重新安装 alsa-base 和 pulseaudio 解决了这个问题...
sudo apt-get install --reinstall alsa-base pulseaudio
sudo alsa force-reload
答案2
我很幸运地使用了pavucontrol。出于某种原因，“设置”->“声音”对话框中的输出选择器对我不起作用，但使用pavucontrol，我能够选择正确的输出。
$ sudo apt install pavucontrol
$ pavucontrol &
港口：耳机（未插电）系统将其识别为拔掉插头。
答案3
我和@user13595 遇到了类似的问题。我最近从 Ubuntu 18.04 升级到了 20.04，但声音问题仍然存在（升级前后都有）。我尝试了几乎所有可能的解决方案（重新安装alsa、pulseaudio内核回归的临时修复等），但都对我不起作用。
我要做的是：
sudo gedit /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf
并添加
options snd-hda-intel model=generic
到文件末尾。
然后是reboot我的機器。
笔记：
如果不调整此行，我只有Dummy output。经过此调整后，我可以看到我的 NVIDIA HDMI 输出。如果我想让板载英特尔声音可用，我必须首先插入我的扬声器进而启动机器。只有这样我才能看到两个输出（HDMI 和板载 Intel 输出）。此外，如果我在机器运行时拔下扬声器并重新插入，板载 Intel 输出将消失。在这种情况下，我必须保持扬声器插入并重新启动才能使其工作。或者我必须避免在机器开启时拔下扬声器。
来源
如果您仍然没有声音输出，并且仍然只能在系统设置中看到虚拟输出，您可以尝试将模型设置为
auto而不是generic，因此使用文本编辑器（以 root 身份）编辑 /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-base.conf 文件并进行更改。--点击这里
希望这对某人有帮助。
答案4
如果你在 virtualbox 下运行：我刚刚将 20.04 加载到 VirtualBox 下的 VM 中。令我惊讶的是，我发现音量默认为静音 (0%)。我通过简单的过程解决了这个问题：打开设置 -> 声音，并在“音量级别”(系统声音) 中提高音量 (默认设置如下所示)
