总结
/usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 地址 0x56131d0000f7 处发生分段错误
启动问题
今天我关闭了机器上的 Ubuntu 18.04.4，稍后冷启动。现在它启动了，但是不再达到 UI 阶段启动过程结束时屏幕上将显示以下输出（输出尾部）：
...
[ OK ] Started Hostname Service.
[ OK ] Started Network Manager.
Starting Network Manager Wait Online...
[ OK ] Reached target Network.
Starting Permit User Sessions...
Starting OpenVPN service...
[ OK ] Started Unattended Upgrades Shutdown.
[ OK ] Started Permit User Sessions.
[ OK ] Started OpenVPN service.
Starting Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service...
Starting GNOME Display Manager...
Starting hold until boot process finishes up...
[ OK ] Started Network Manager Script Dispatcher Service.
[ OK ] Started GNOME Display Manager.
[ OK ] Started Disk Manager.
[ OK ] Started LSB: Speech Dispatcher.
[ OK ] Started LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB.
[ OK ] Started LSB: automatic crash report generation.
笔记：当我再次启动时，shell 输出的顺序有所不同。
我唯一能做的就是按下按钮POWER。结果 Ubuntu 关闭了。
GRUB 和恢复模式
SHIFT我在启动时按右键进入GRUB（2.02） 。
我使用的是 Linux 。还有，，，，4.15.0.-112-generic...4.15.0.-111-generic可用。4.2.0.-42-generic4.2.0.-41-generic3.13.0.-64-generic
当我选择 时4.15.0.-112-generic (recovery mode)，启动过程没有进一步进展。但我进入了Recovery menu: filesystem state: read-only)。
当我选择时，Resume normal boot我获得通常的 UI 登录。
恰当的历史
我调查后/var/log/apt/history.log发现了这些：
Start-Date: 2020-08-03 19:33:21
Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.368'
Upgrade:
libldap-2.4-2:amd64 (2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1.5, 2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1.6),
slack-desktop:amd64 (4.7.0, 4.8.0),
python3-distupgrade:amd64 (1:18.04.37, 1:18.04.38),
ubuntu-release-upgrader-core:amd64 (1:18.04.37, 1:18.04.38),
libldap-common:amd64 (2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1.5, 2.4.45+dfsg-1ubuntu1.6),
code:amd64 (1.47.0-1594283939, 1.47.3-1595520028),
ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk:amd64 (1:18.04.37, 1:18.04.38),
mesa-vdpau-drivers:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1),
mesa-va-drivers:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1)
End-Date: 2020-08-03 19:33:43
Start-Date: 2020-08-03 19:37:12
Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.368'
Upgrade:
git-gui:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-man:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-svn:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-daemon-sysvinit:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
gitk:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
gitweb:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-mediawiki:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-email:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-all:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-cvs:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-doc:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1),
git-el:amd64 (1:2.27.0-1~ppa0~ubuntu18.04.1, 1:2.28.0-0ppa1~ubuntu18.04.1)
End-Date: 2020-08-03 19:37:31
Start-Date: 2020-08-03 19:38:54
Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.368'
Upgrade:
libegl1-mesa-dev:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1),
mesa-common-dev:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1),
cifs-utils:amd64 (2:6.8-1, 2:6.8-1ubuntu1)
End-Date: 2020-08-03 19:39:00
Start-Date: 2020-08-03 19:40:55
Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.368'
Upgrade: brave-browser:amd64 (1.10.97, 1.11.104)
End-Date: 2020-08-03 19:41:10
Start-Date: 2020-08-03 19:42:16
Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.368'
Upgrade:
libglapi-mesa:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1),
libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1),
libglx-mesa0:amd64 (19.2.8-0ubuntu0~18.04.3, 20.0.8-0ubuntu1~18.04.1)
End-Date: 2020-08-03 19:42:19
Start-Date: 2020-08-03 19:43:14
Commandline: aptdaemon role='role-commit-packages' sender=':1.368'
Upgrade:
grub-common:amd64 (2.02-2ubuntu8.15, 2.02-2ubuntu8.17),
grub2-common:amd64 (2.02-2ubuntu8.15, 2.02-2ubuntu8.17),
grub-pc:amd64 (2.02-2ubuntu8.15, 2.02-2ubuntu8.17),
grub-pc-bin:amd64 (2.02-2ubuntu8.15, 2.02-2ubuntu8.17)
End-Date: 2020-08-03 19:43:29
系统日志
我查看了一下，syslog发现了分段故障那里看起来很可疑：
...
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP systemd[5094]: Reached target Basic System.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP systemd[1]: Started User Manager for UID 125.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP systemd[5094]: Reached target Default.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP systemd[5094]: Startup finished in 54ms.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (--) Log file renamed from "/var/lib/gdm3/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.pid-5108.log" to "/var/lib/gdm3/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.0.log"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: X.Org X Server 1.19.6
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Release Date: 2017-12-20
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: X Protocol Version 11, Revision 0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Build Operating System: Linux 4.4.0-148-generic x86_64 Ubuntu
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Current Operating System: Linux COMP 4.15.0-112-generic #113-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jul 9 23:41:39 UTC 2020 x86_64
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Kernel command line: BOOT_IMAGE=/boot/vmlinuz-4.15.0-112-generic root=UUID=e15b2ef7-c32d-46f5-a3a8-4bdc60285b4e ro quiet splash vt.handoff=1
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Build Date: 03 June 2019 08:10:35AM
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: xorg-server 2:1.19.6-1ubuntu4.3 (For technical support please see http://www.ubuntu.com/support)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Current version of pixman: 0.34.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Before reporting problems, check http://wiki.x.org
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011to make sure that you have the latest version.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Markers: (--) probed, (**) from config file, (==) default setting,
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011(++) from command line, (!!) notice, (II) informational,
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011(WW) warning, (EE) error, (NI) not implemented, (??) unknown.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Log file: "/var/lib/gdm3/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.0.log", Time: Tue Aug 4 18:07:47 2020
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Using system config directory "/usr/share/X11/xorg.conf.d"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) No Layout section. Using the first Screen section.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) No screen section available. Using defaults.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (**) |-->Screen "Default Screen Section" (0)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (**) | |-->Monitor "<default monitor>"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) No monitor specified for screen "Default Screen Section".
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Using a default monitor configuration.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Automatically adding devices
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Automatically enabling devices
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Automatically adding GPU devices
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Automatically binding GPU devices
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Max clients allowed: 256, resource mask: 0x1fffff
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/cyrillic" does not exist.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Entry deleted from font path.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/" does not exist.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Entry deleted from font path.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/" does not exist.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Entry deleted from font path.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi" does not exist.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Entry deleted from font path.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) The directory "/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi" does not exist.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Entry deleted from font path.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) FontPath set to:
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011/usr/share/fonts/X11/misc,
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1,
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011built-ins
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) ModulePath set to "/usr/lib/xorg/modules"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) The server relies on udev to provide the list of input devices.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011If no devices become available, reconfigure udev or disable AutoAddDevices.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loader magic: 0x56131c3ef020
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module ABI versions:
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011X.Org ANSI C Emulation: 0.4
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011X.Org Video Driver: 23.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011X.Org XInput driver : 24.1
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011X.Org Server Extension : 10.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (++) using VT number 1
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) systemd-logind: took control of session /org/freedesktop/login1/session/c94
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) xfree86: Adding drm device (/dev/dri/card0)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) systemd-logind: got fd for /dev/dri/card0 226:0 fd 12 paused 0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (--) PCI:*(0:0:2:0) 8086:2a42:17aa:2112 rev 7, Mem @ 0xf4400000/4194304, 0xd0000000/268435456, I/O @ 0x00001800/8, BIOS @ 0x????????/131072
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (--) PCI: (0:0:2:1) 8086:2a43:17aa:2112 rev 7, Mem @ 0xf4200000/1048576
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) LoadModule: "glx"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/extensions/libglx.so
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module glx: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011compiled for 1.19.6, module version = 1.0.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011ABI class: X.Org Server Extension, version 10.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Matched modesetting as autoconfigured driver 0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Matched fbdev as autoconfigured driver 1
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Matched vesa as autoconfigured driver 2
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) Assigned the driver to the xf86ConfigLayout
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) LoadModule: "modesetting"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module modesetting: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011compiled for 1.19.6, module version = 1.19.6
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Module class: X.Org Video Driver
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) LoadModule: "fbdev"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/fbdev_drv.so
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module fbdev: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 0.4.4
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Module class: X.Org Video Driver
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) LoadModule: "vesa"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/vesa_drv.so
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module vesa: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011compiled for 1.19.3, module version = 2.3.4
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011Module class: X.Org Video Driver
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) modesetting: Driver for Modesetting Kernel Drivers: kms
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) FBDEV: driver for framebuffer: fbdev
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) VESA: driver for VESA chipsets: vesa
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: xf86EnableIOPorts: failed to set IOPL for I/O (Operation not permitted)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) modeset(0): using drv /dev/dri/card0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) Falling back to old probe method for fbdev
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading sub module "fbdevhw"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) LoadModule: "fbdevhw"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libfbdevhw.so
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module fbdevhw: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011compiled for 1.19.6, module version = 0.0.2
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011ABI class: X.Org Video Driver, version 23.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) open /dev/fb0: Permission denied
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) Falling back to old probe method for vesa
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (WW) VGA arbiter: cannot open kernel arbiter, no multi-card support
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) modeset(0): Creating default Display subsection in Screen section
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011"Default Screen Section" for depth/fbbpp 24/32
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) modeset(0): Depth 24, (==) framebuffer bpp 32
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) modeset(0): RGB weight 888
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (==) modeset(0): Default visual is TrueColor
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading sub module "glamoregl"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) LoadModule: "glamoregl"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Loading /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.so
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) Module glamoregl: vendor="X.Org Foundation"
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011compiled for 1.19.6, module version = 1.0.0
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011ABI class: X.Org ANSI C Emulation, version 0.4
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (II) glamor: OpenGL accelerated X.org driver based.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) Backtrace:
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 0: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (xorg_backtrace+0x4d) [0x56131c15fabd]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 1: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (0x56131bfa7000+0x1bc859) [0x56131c163859]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 2: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x7fdd821dc000+0x128a0) [0x7fdd821ee8a0]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 3: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x129cc) [0x7fdd7946e9cc]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 4: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x1b19e) [0x7fdd7947719e]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 5: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x216df) [0x7fdd7947d6df]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 6: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x1ac0b) [0x7fdd79476c0b]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 7: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x16b7d) [0x7fdd79472b7d]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 8: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x16bc5) [0x7fdd79472bc5]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 9: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libEGL_mesa.so.0 (0x7fdd7945c000+0x10948) [0x7fdd7946c948]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 10: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/libglamoregl.so (glamor_egl_init+0x10b) [0x7fdd7ea75c9b]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 11: /usr/lib/xorg/modules/drivers/modesetting_drv.so (0x7fdd7f2b3000+0x9dc9) [0x7fdd7f2bcdc9]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 12: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (InitOutput+0xc08) [0x56131c040288]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 13: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (0x56131bfa7000+0x56cd3) [0x56131bffdcd3]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 14: /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (__libc_start_main+0xe7) [0x7fdd81e0cb97]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) 15: /usr/lib/xorg/Xorg (_start+0x2a) [0x56131bfe7b8a]
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) Segmentation fault at address 0x56131d0000f7
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Fatal server error:
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) Caught signal 11 (Segmentation fault). Server aborting
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: #011 at http://wiki.x.org
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: for help.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) Please also check the log file at "/var/lib/gdm3/.local/share/xorg/Xorg.0.log" for additional information.
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE)
Aug 4 18:07:47 COMP /usr/lib/gdm3/gdm-x-session[5106]: (EE) Server terminated with error (1). Closing log file
...
错误已提交
建议的后续步骤
我怀疑启动问题是由最近的软件包更新引起的。我可能安装了部分包我记得窗口上有一个关于此问题的警告Software Updater。如何才能使系统恢复稳定状态？
有关的
一步一步的解决方案
- 由于“mesa”发生分段错误，我删除了所有
sudo apt-get remove mesa-vdpau-drivers:amd64 mesa-va-drivers:amd64 libegl1-mesa-dev:amd64 mesa-common-dev:amd64 libglapi-mesa:amd64 libgl1-mesa-dri:amd64 libglx-mesa0:amd64出现在历史日志上面列出的。结果 Ubuntu 启动时会进入 shell 提示符。 - 然后我尝试安装一些最新的“mesa”软件包。我发现ppa:基萨克/基萨克-梅萨并通过 添加它
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:kisak/kisak-mesa && sudo apt-get update。 - 然后我通过安装，
sudo apt-get install mesa-utils libglu1-mesa-dev xserver-xorg-video-all但不知道需要什么。
UI 仍然没有启动。
- 然后我看了一下
/var/log/dpkg.log，发现其中gdm3:amd64（GNOME 显示管理器）被删除了。我安装了它，重新启动，幸运的是可以再次登录。
但是桌面是空的，我无法启动任何文件夹。
- 然后我重新安装
nautilus，注销并再次登录后桌面（图标和文件夹）再次出现。
看起来基本上就是这样了。
答案1
以下是我做对了什么和做错了什么的简短总结。
- 检查日志文件了解发生了什么：
/var/log/apt/history.log/var/log/dpkg.log- 系统日志
- 与其卸载
mesa软件包，不如安装一个没有错误的替代方案（旧版本或新版本）更明智。这显然是反复试验。卸载mesa软件包导致诸如gdm3和nautilus以及更多（334）等重要软件包也被删除。 - 在此为 Mesa 提交错误：https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/mesa/mesa/-/issues
- 如果需要重新安装
ubuntu-desktop元包。