系统规格 - Intel i5-8 代，16 GB RAM，4 GB NVIDIA 显卡，SSD 中的 Windows 10 双启动，HDD 中的 Linux
我使用了命令 systemd-analyze 。输出是
启动耗时 9.677 秒（固件）+ 32.647 秒（加载程序）+ 5.432 秒（内核）+ 1 分 39.745 秒（用户空间）= 2 分 27.503 秒 graphic.target 在用户空间中耗时 1 分 39.676 秒达到
systemd -analyze critical-chain。输出是
graphic.target @1min 39.676s └─multi-user.target @1min 39.676s └─kerneloops.service @52.451s +125ms └─network-online.target @52.394s └─NetworkManager-wait-online.service @39.244s +13.148s └─NetworkManager.service @30.499s +8.743s └─dbus.service @30.496s └─basic.target @30.243s └─sockets.target @30.243s └─snapd.socket @30.243s +528us └─sysinit.target @29.985s └─snapd.apparmor.service @29.385s +600ms └─apparmor.service @27.758s +1.625s └─local-fs.target @27.758s └─run-user-121-gvfs.mount @57.463s └─run-user-121.mount @51.137s └─local-fs-pre.target @7.504s └─systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service @7.166s +338ms └─systemd-sysusers.service @6.207s +958ms └─systemd-remount-fs.service @5.764s +439ms └─systemd-journald.socket @5.670s └─system.slice @5.667s └─-.slice @5.667 秒
还有系统分析责备。输出是
1分钟 111毫秒 plymouth-quit-wait.service
21.570秒 dev-sda5.device
19.827秒 systemd-journal-flush.service
18.695秒 snapd.service
17.418秒 udisks2.service
15.329秒 networkd-dispatcher.service
14.471秒 gpu-manager.service
14.389秒 accounts-daemon.service
13.148秒 NetworkManager-wait-online.service
11.756秒 dev-loop6.device
11.384秒 dev-loop15.device
11.252秒 dev-loop16.device
10.807秒 fwupd.service
9.850秒 dev-loop7.device
9.808秒 dev-loop9.device
9.678秒 dev-loop10.device
9.553秒dev-loop13.device
9.547s dev-loop12.device
9.533s dev-loop14.device
9.496s dev-loop11.device 9.031s dev-loop17.device
8.900s
polkit.service
8.752s avahi-daemon.service
8.747s bluetooth.service
8.743s NetworkManager.service
8.617s dev-loop3.device
8.383s switcheroo-control.service
8.379s thermald.service
8.376s systemd-logind.service
8.374s wpa_supplicant.service
7.924s dev-loop8.device
7.528s dev-loop0.device
7.359s dev-loop18.device
5.733s ModemManager.service
5.474s dev-loop1.device
5.451s dev-loop4.device
5.416s dev-loop2.device
5.376s dev-loop5.device
5.277s bolt.service
4.734s grub-common.service
4.597s apport.service
3.230s systemd-udevd.service
3.089s rsyslog.service
3.045s systemd-resolved.service
2.554s e2scrub_reap.service
2.377s packagekit.service
2.173s plymouth-start.service
2.122s systemd-sysctl.service
1.903s systemd-backlight@backlight:intel_backlight.service
1.625s apparmor.service
1.612s grub-initrd-fallback.service
1.377s gdm.service
1.175s snap-core-9665.mount
1.136s snap-core-9804.mount
1.124s colord.service
1.091s systemd-rfkill.service
1.085s systemd-modules-load.service
1.065s snap-core18-1880.mount
1.064s snap-core18-1885.mount
958ms systemd-sysusers.service
940ms systemd-random-seed.service
908ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup.service
903ms[电子邮件保护]
825ms snap-vlc-1700.mount
824ms systemd-journald.service
817ms keyboard-setup.service
780ms lm-sensors.service
670ms systemd-timesyncd.service
645ms snap-core20-634.mount
643ms nvidia-persistenced.service
619ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-2064.mount
600ms snapd.apparmor.service
570ms upower.service
564ms snap-kde\x2dframeworks\x2d5\x2dcore18-32.mount
544ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-110.mount
534ms systemd-udev-trigger.service
524ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1440.mount
521ms snap-snap\x2dstore-454.mount
512ms snap-vlc-1620.mount
504ms atd.service
455ms ufw.service
449ms snap-snap\x2dstore-467.mount
439ms systemd-remount-fs.service
422ms snapd.seeded.service
410ms snap-gtk\x2dcommon\x2dthemes-1506.mount
402ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d28\x2d1804-128.mount
390ms snap-gnome\x2d3\x2d34\x2d1804-36.mount
367ms snap-gnome\x2dsystem\x2dmonitor-123.mount
360ms snap-telegram\x2ddesktop-1708.mount
338ms systemd-tmpfiles-setup-dev.service
314ms systemd-user-sessions.service
312ms snap-gnome\x2dsystem\x2dmonitor-148.mount
289ms systemd-fsck@dev-disk-by\x2duuid-92E6\x2d1211.service 270ms[电子邮件保护]
251毫秒[电子邮件保护]
222ms swapfile.swap
210ms openvpn.service
209ms systemd-update-utmp.service
169ms console-setup.service
148ms kmod-static-nodes.service
125ms kerneloops.service
124ms rtkit-daemon.service
96ms dev-hugepages.mount
95ms dev-mqueue.mount
94ms sys-kernel-debug.mount
94ms sys-kernel-tracing.mount
85ms boot-efi.mount
82ms pppd-dns.service
81ms hddtemp.service
76ms plymouth-read-write.service
74ms[电子邮件保护]
62ms setvtrgb.服务
16ms[电子邮件保护]
12ms alsa-restore.service
11ms systemd-update-utmp-runlevel.service
2ms sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount
2ms sys-kernel-config.mount
528us snapd.socket "