我正在尝试从 Ubuntu 18.04.5 升级到 20.04。我曾经ppa-purge删除过所有第三方 PPA，但仍然出现错误：
An unresolvable problem occurred while calculating the upgrade.
当我检查时，main.log看到的唯一错误是：
2020-10-11 11:55:07,488 INFO installing python-is-python2 because python-minimal was installed
2020-10-11 11:55:07,488 DEBUG Installing 'python-is-python2' (python-minimal was installed on the system)
2020-10-11 11:55:07,582 INFO removing python-minimal because python-is-python2 is being installed
2020-10-11 11:55:07,582 DEBUG Removing 'python-minimal' (python-is-python2 is being installed on the system)
2020-10-11 11:55:07,582 INFO failed to remove python-minimal
2020-10-11 11:55:07,830 ERROR Dist-upgrade failed: 'E:Error, pkgProblemResolver::Resolve generated breaks, this may be caused by held packages.'
当我查看时，apt.log我可以看到很多损坏的包裹，但我不确定如何在不搞砸系统的情况下正确解决它们。
Broken python-all-dev:amd64 Depends on libpython-all-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 | 2.7.17-2ubuntu4 @ii umH > (= 2.7.17-2ubuntu4)
Broken python2-dev:amd64 Breaks on python-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii mK Ib > (< 2.7.15-2)
Broken libpython2-dev:amd64 Breaks on libpython-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii mK > (< 2.7.15-2)
Broken libboost-python1.65-dev:amd64 Depends on python-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii mR >
Broken python2-dev:amd64 Depends on libpython2-dev:amd64 < none | 2.7.17-2ubuntu4 @un uH > (= 2.7.17-2ubuntu4)
Broken libboost-python-dev:amd64 Depends on libboost-python1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii mR >
Broken libpython-all-dev:amd64 Depends on libpython2-dev:amd64 < none | 2.7.17-2ubuntu4 @un uH > (= 2.7.17-2ubuntu4)
Broken libboost-python1.65-dev:amd64 Depends on python-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii mR >
Broken python-all-dev:amd64 Depends on libpython-all-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 | 2.7.17-2ubuntu4 @ii umH > (= 2.7.17-2ubuntu4)
Broken libboost-python-dev:amd64 Depends on libboost-python1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii mR >
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Broken python-dev:amd64 Depends on python:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii gR > (= 2.7.15~rc1-1)
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Broken libboost1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii mK >
Broken libboost-python1.71-dev:amd64 Depends on libboost1.71-dev:amd64 < none | 1.71.0-6ubuntu6 @un uH > (= 1.71.0-6ubuntu6)
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Broken libboost-all-dev:amd64 Depends on libboost-python-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1.0ubuntu1 | 1.71.0.0ubuntu2 @ii umR >
Broken dpkg:amd64 Breaks on libapt-pkg5.0:amd64 < 1.6.12ubuntu0.1 @ii mK > (< 1.7~b)
Broken libqt5core5a:amd64 Breaks on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mK > (< 4:4.8.7+dfsg-20~)
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Broken libboost1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK >
Broken libpython2-stdlib:amd64 Breaks on libpython-stdlib:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii gK > (< 2.7.15-2)
Broken python2-minimal:amd64 Breaks on python-minimal:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii gK > (< 2.7.15-2)
Broken libboost-system1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-system1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libqtdbus4:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libqtgui4:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken gnome-settings-daemon-common:amd64 Breaks on gnome-settings-daemon-schemas:amd64 < 3.28.1-0ubuntu1.3 @ii mK > (< 3.30.1.2-2~)
Broken libqt4-declarative:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libqt4-xml:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
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Broken qt-at-spi:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (>= 4:4.8~)
Broken libldb2:amd64 Breaks on libldb1:amd64 < 2:1.2.3-1ubuntu0.1 @ii mK > (< 2:2~)
Broken libboost-thread1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-thread1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-chrono1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-chrono1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
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Broken libqt4-network:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libqt4-script:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libqt4-sql:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libboost-filesystem1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-filesystem1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-regex1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-regex1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
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Broken libqt4-sql-mysql:amd64 Depends on libqt4-sql:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken python3-mutagen:amd64 Breaks on python-mutagen:amd64 < 1.38-1 @ii mK > (< 1.44.0-1)
Broken libsensors-config:amd64 Conflicts on libsensors4:amd64 < 1:3.4.0-4 @ii mK >
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Broken libpython2-dev:amd64 Breaks on libpython-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii gK > (< 2.7.15-2)
Broken libqt4-xmlpatterns:amd64 Depends on libqt4-network:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libboost-python1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-python1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-stacktrace1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-stacktrace1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-container1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-container1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-program-options1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-program-options1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libqt4-dbus:amd64 Depends on libqtdbus4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libboost-numpy1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-numpy1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK >
Broken libboost-graph-parallel1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-graph-parallel1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost1.71-tools-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost1.65-tools-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK >
Broken libboost-graph1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-graph1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken python2-dev:amd64 Breaks on python-dev:amd64 < 2.7.15~rc1-1 @ii gK Ib > (< 2.7.15-2)
Broken libboost-exception1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-exception1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
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Broken libqt4-designer:amd64 Depends on libqt4-script:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
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Broken libboost-locale1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-locale1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libhfstospell10:amd64 Conflicts on libhfstospell:amd64 < none @un H >
Broken libboost-timer1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-timer1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-wave1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-wave1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken python-keyring:amd64 Breaks on python-keyrings.alt:amd64 < 3.0-1 @ii mK > (< 3.1)
Broken libboost-log1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-log1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-random1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-random1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-math1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-math1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-fiber1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-fiber1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-iostreams1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-iostreams1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libboost-type-erasure1.71-dev:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-type-erasure1.65-dev:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libqt4-qt3support:amd64 Depends on libqt4-designer:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libqt4-svg:amd64 Depends on libqtcore4:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libqt4-help:amd64 Depends on libqt4-network:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libavcodec-extra58:amd64 Conflicts on libavcodec58:i386 < none -> 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uN >
Broken qdbus:amd64 Depends on libqt4-xml:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken libboost-mpi-python1.71.0:amd64 Conflicts on libboost-mpi-python1.65.1:amd64 < 1.65.1+dfsg-0ubuntu5 @ii gK Ib >
Broken libqt4-scripttools:amd64 Depends on libqt4-script:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (= 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1)
Broken fwupdate:amd64 Breaks on fwupdate-signed:amd64 < 12-7~ubuntu18.04.3 @ii mK >
Broken fwupdate:amd64 Breaks on libfwup1:amd64 < 12-3bionic2 @ii mK > (< 12-5)
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Broken libedata-book-1.2-25:amd64 Depends on libebackend-1.2-10:amd64 < 3.28.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 -> 3.36.4-0ubuntu1 @ii umU > (= 3.28.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.3)
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Broken python-tdb:amd64 Depends on libtdb1:amd64 < 1.3.15-2 -> 1.4.2-3build1 @ii umU > (= 1.3.15-2)
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Broken libqtassistantclient4:amd64 Depends on libqt4-network:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (>= 4:4.8.1)
Broken python-samba:amd64 Depends on python-ldb:amd64 < 2:1.2.3-1ubuntu0.1 @ii mR > (>= 1.1.2~)
Broken libebook-1.2-19:amd64 Depends on libedata-book-1.2-25:amd64 < 3.28.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 @ii mR > (= 3.28.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.3)
Broken libcupsppdc1:amd64 Depends on libcups2:amd64 < 2.2.7-1ubuntu2.8 -> 2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1 @ii umU > (= 2.2.7-1ubuntu2.8)
Broken libcupscgi1:amd64 Depends on libcups2:amd64 < 2.2.7-1ubuntu2.8 -> 2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1 @ii umU > (= 2.2.7-1ubuntu2.8)
Broken libedata-cal-1.2-28:amd64 Depends on libebackend-1.2-10:amd64 < 3.28.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.3 -> 3.36.4-0ubuntu1 @ii umU > (= 3.28.5-0ubuntu0.18.04.3)
Broken libsnmp30:amd64 Depends on libsensors4:amd64 < 1:3.4.0-4 @ii mR > (>= 1:3.0.0)
Broken python-qt4:amd64 Depends on libqt4-dbus:amd64 < 4:4.8.7+dfsg-7ubuntu1 @ii mR > (>= 4:4.8.0-1~)
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Broken libpango1.0-0:amd64 Depends on libpango-1.0-0:amd64 < 1.40.14-1ubuntu0.1 -> 1.44.7-2ubuntu4 @ii umU > (= 1.40.14-1ubuntu0.1)
Broken libpolkit-backend-1-0:amd64 Depends on libpolkit-gobject-1-0:amd64 < 0.105-20ubuntu0.18.04.5 -> 0.105-26ubuntu1 @ii umU > (= 0.105-20ubuntu0.18.04.5)
Broken libcupsmime1:amd64 Depends on libcups2:amd64 < 2.2.7-1ubuntu2.8 -> 2.3.1-9ubuntu1.1 @ii umU > (= 2.2.7-1ubuntu2.8)
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Broken libchromaprint1:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
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Broken gstreamer1.0-libav:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.2)
Broken mplayer:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.2)
Broken mpv:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.2)
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Broken k3b:amd64 Depends on libkf5notifyconfig5:amd64 < 5.44.0-0ubuntu1 | 5.68.0-0ubuntu1 @ii umR > (>= 4.96.0)
Broken wine-stable:amd64 Depends on wine-stable-amd64:amd64 < 5.0.2~bionic @ii mR > (= 5.0.2~bionic)
Broken winehq-stable:amd64 Depends on wine-stable:amd64 < 5.0.2~bionic @ii mR > (= 5.0.2~bionic)
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
Broken winetricks:amd64 Depends on wine:amd64 < none | 5.0-3ubuntu1 @un uH >
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
Broken libk3b7:amd64 Breaks on libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 < 17.12.3-0ubuntu3 | 19.12.3-0ubuntu1 @ii umH > (< 18.08.3~)
Broken libk3b7-extracodecs:amd64 Depends on libavcodec58:amd64 < none | 7:4.2.4-1ubuntu0.1 @un uH > (>= 7:4.0)
任何建议将不胜感激！
答案1
我删除了 exfalso transcode k3b，这似乎已经解决了这个问题
答案2
我必须删除转码 k3b libk3b7-extracodecs。
我搜索了 /var/log/dist-upgrade/apt.log 以查找所有包含“Broken”错误的程序，然后开始从下往上逐个卸载软件包，直到升级计算不再失败。
仍然有很多“损坏的 libpython-all-dev:amd64 依赖于 libpython2-dev:amd64....”引用，但它们不再阻止升级开始。