过去几天，我安装了 Xubuntu 22.04 大约 6 次，但一直崩溃。在 Youtube 上观看/跳过视频时以及在 Yuzu 上玩游戏时都会发生崩溃，所以我认为这可能与图形有关。
过去 2/3 年我一直在使用 Xubuntu，没有遇到任何问题，但无法使用 22.04 进行稳定安装。我试过：
- UEFI 和 BIOS 安装
- 最小安装和完整安装
- 安装或不使用第三方软件
- 在 BIOS 中启用和未启用安全启动和 CSM
所有安装都会导致同样的问题：Firefox/Youtube 和 Yuzu 导致系统崩溃并需要硬重置。
在系统日志中我看到 apparmor 拒绝了各种 Yuzu 请求：
Jun 2 16:31:07 xubuntu kernel: [ 4499.190763] audit: type=1400 audit(1654183867.504:103): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.yuzu.yuzu" name="/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.2/0000:01:00.2/0000:02:00.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/busnum" pid=4664 comm="libusb_event" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=0
Jun 2 16:31:07 xubuntu kernel: [ 4499.302424] audit: type=1400 audit(1654183867.616:104): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.yuzu.yuzu" name="/run/udev/data/c234:2" pid=4664 comm="yuzu:input:SDL" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=0
Jun 2 16:31:07 xubuntu kernel: [ 4499.307196] audit: type=1400 audit(1654183867.620:107): apparmor="DENIED" operation="open" profile="snap.yuzu.yuzu" name="/sys/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.2/0000:01:00.2/0000:02:00.0/0000:03:00.0/usb3/3-2/busnum" pid=4664 comm="libusb_event" requested_mask="r" denied_mask="r" fsuid=1000 ouid=0
Jun 2 16:31:15 xubuntu dbus-daemon[1117]: apparmor="DENIED" operation="dbus_method_call" bus="session" path="/org/freedesktop/portal/desktop/request/1_68/t" interface="org.freedesktop.DBus.Introspectable" member="Introspect" mask="send" name="org.freedesktop.portal.Desktop" pid=4664 label="snap.yuzu.yuzu" peer_pid=1667 peer_label="unconfined"
我的电脑在 16:39 崩溃了，我进行了硬重置，但是此时我在日志中看不到任何可以解释崩溃的内容：
Jun 2 16:39:04 xubuntu kernel: [ 4975.891428] usb 3-2: USB disconnect, device number 2
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049030] NMI watchdog: Watchdog detected hard LOCKUP on cpu 2
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049033] Modules linked in: hid_sony ff_memless intel_rapl_msr intel_rapl_common amdgpu snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_hda_codec_generic ledtrig_audio snd_hda_codec_hdmi snd_hda_intel snd_intel_dspcfg snd_intel_sdw_acpi snd_hda_codec snd_hda_core snd_hwdep iommu_v2 edac_mce_amd gpu_sched snd_pcm drm_ttm_helper ttm snd_seq_midi kvm_amd drm_kms_helper snd_seq_midi_event kvm snd_rawmidi crct10dif_pclmul ghash_clmulni_intel aesni_intel cec crypto_simd cryptd snd_seq rapl rc_core eeepc_wmi wmi_bmof i2c_algo_bit snd_seq_device fb_sys_fops k10temp snd_timer syscopyarea sysfillrect sysimgblt snd ccp soundcore joydev input_leds mac_hid sch_fq_codel ipmi_devintf ipmi_msghandler msr parport_pc ppdev lp parport drm ip_tables x_tables autofs4 hid_generic usbhid hid mfd_aaeon asus_wmi nvme sparse_keymap platform_profile crc32_pclmul i2c_piix4 nvme_core r8169 realtek ahci xhci_pci libahci xhci_pci_renesas wmi gpio_amdpt video gpio_generic
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049072] CPU: 2 PID: 0 Comm: swapper/2 Tainted: G D 5.15.0-33-generic #34-Ubuntu
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049075] Hardware name: System manufacturer System Product Name/PRIME B350M-A, BIOS 5603 07/28/2020
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049077] RIP: 0010:native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath.part.0+0x4f/0x200
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049084] Code: 0f ba 2b 08 0f 92 c2 8b 03 0f b6 d2 c1 e2 08 30 e4 09 d0 a9 00 01 ff ff 0f 85 22 01 00 00 85 c0 74 0e 8b 03 84 c0 74 08 f3 90 <8b> 03 84 c0 75 f8 b8 01 00 00 00 66 89 03 5b 41 5c 41 5d 41 5e 41
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049087] RSP: 0018:ffffafeac029ce30 EFLAGS: 00000002
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049089] RAX: 0000000000000101 RBX: ffffa03489df3dbc RCX: 0000000000000000
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049090] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000000 RDI: ffffa03489df3dbc
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049091] RBP: ffffafeac029ce58 R08: ffffa03489df3180 R09: 7fffffffffffffff
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049093] R10: 00000485ca592000 R11: 00000000000007b6 R12: 0000000000000002
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049094] R13: ffffa03790aa30c0 R14: ffffa03489df3dbc R15: 0000000000000003
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049095] FS: 0000000000000000(0000) GS:ffffa03790a80000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049097] CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049098] CR2: 00007fd3d48fa0b8 CR3: 0000000173056000 CR4: 00000000003506e0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049100] Call Trace:
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049101] <IRQ>
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049103] native_queued_spin_lock_slowpath+0x28/0x30
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049106] _raw_spin_lock_irqsave+0x39/0x50
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049109] try_to_wake_up+0x4f/0x5a0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049111] ? update_process_times+0xc0/0xd0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049113] ? tick_nohz_handler+0xb0/0xb0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049115] ? __hrtimer_init+0x110/0x110
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049117] wake_up_process+0x15/0x20
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049118] hrtimer_wakeup+0x22/0x30
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049120] __hrtimer_run_queues+0x109/0x210
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049121] hrtimer_interrupt+0x101/0x220
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049123] __sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x61/0xd0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049126] sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x77/0x90
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049128] </IRQ>
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049128] <TASK>
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049128] asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x12/0x20
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049130] RIP: 0010:cpuidle_enter_state+0xd9/0x620
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049133] Code: 3d f4 4b 1e 56 e8 07 ae 6c ff 49 89 c7 0f 1f 44 00 00 31 ff e8 58 ba 6c ff 80 7d d0 00 0f 85 5d 01 00 00 fb 66 0f 1f 44 00 00 <45> 85 f6 0f 88 69 01 00 00 4d 63 ee 49 83 fd 09 0f 87 e3 03 00 00
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049134] RSP: 0018:ffffafeac0147e28 EFLAGS: 00000246
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049135] RAX: ffffa03790ab0f00 RBX: ffffa034831d4400 RCX: 0000000000000000
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049136] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 0000000000000002 RDI: 0000000000000000
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049136] RBP: ffffafeac0147e78 R08: 00000485c5e59789 R09: 00000000000c3500
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049137] R10: 0000000000000003 R11: 071c71c71c71c71c R12: ffffffffab4e60a0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049138] R13: 0000000000000001 R14: 0000000000000001 R15: 00000485c5e59789
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049140] ? cpuidle_enter_state+0xc8/0x620
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049142] cpuidle_enter+0x2e/0x40
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049143] cpuidle_idle_call+0x13e/0x1e0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049145] do_idle+0x83/0xf0
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049146] cpu_startup_entry+0x20/0x30
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049147] start_secondary+0x12a/0x180
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049149] secondary_startup_64_no_verify+0xc2/0xcb
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4985.049152] </TASK>
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4988.899378] show_signal: 20 callbacks suppressed
Jun 2 16:39:17 xubuntu kernel: [ 4988.899384] traps: xfwm4[1380] trap invalid opcode ip:7f1507851683 sp:7ffdde0758c0 error:0 in libglib-2.0.so.0.7200.1[7f15077f9000+8f000]
Jun 2 16:39:18 xubuntu systemd[1]: Started crash report submission.
Jun 2 16:39:18 xubuntu whoopsie[5010]: [16:39:18] Using lock path: /var/lock/whoopsie/lock
Jun 2 16:39:18 xubuntu systemd[1]: whoopsie.service: Deactivated successfully.
Jun 2 16:39:19 xubuntu systemd[1]: Started crash report submission.
Jun 2 16:39:19 xubuntu whoopsie[5013]: [16:39:19] Using lock path: /var/lock/whoopsie/lock
Jun 2 16:39:19 xubuntu systemd[1]: whoopsie.service: Deactivated successfully.
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Jun 2 16:40:31 xubuntu systemd-modules-load[335]: Inserted module 'ppdev'
我可以在 /var/log/apport.log 中看到错误：
ERROR: apport (pid 4663) Wed Jun 1 19:48:24 2022: called for pid 1415, signal 11, core limit 0, dump mode 1
ERROR: apport (pid 4663) Wed Jun 1 19:48:24 2022: executable: /usr/bin/thunar (command line "Thunar --daemon")
ERROR: apport (pid 4663) Wed Jun 1 19:48:25 2022: gdbus call error: Error: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.DBus.Error.ServiceUnknown: The name org.gnome.SessionManager was not provided by any .service files
ERROR: apport (pid 4663) Wed Jun 1 19:48:25 2022: debug: session gdbus call:
ERROR: apport (pid 4663) Wed Jun 1 19:48:25 2022: wrote report /var/crash/_usr_bin_thunar.1000.crash
我可以观看 YT 视频或玩 Yuzu 一段时间而不会崩溃，但在某个时候每次会话都会发生崩溃，需要硬重置。
我使用的是 Ryzen 5 2400G CPU，之前版本的 Xubuntu 都没有出现过任何问题。有人知道哪里出了问题或者我该如何排除故障吗？
答案1
禁用诺赫兹为我修复了类似的崩溃。
添加nohz=off内核参数：
sudo nano /etc/default/grub添加
nohz=off到GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT，例如：GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"->GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash nohz=off"sudo update-grub重启。
答案2
不确定是否仍然相关，但将驱动 AsRock A320M-HDV r4.0 主板网卡的 realtek r8169 模块列入黑名单显著改善了这里的情况。似乎像过去一样，realtek 有几种芯片变体，有的运行良好，有的运行不佳。