通过特定路由器（连接到 DSL 的 O2 HomeBox 6742）连接到互联网，我的 Ubuntu 笔记本电脑几乎无法访问除 Google 及其服务（包括 YouTube、Spotify 和 Breitbandmessung）之外的任何内容。
连接大多在收到任何数据之前就超时，无论是在所有 Web 浏览器中，还是在使用 ping 或 traceroute 时。有时，在频繁重试和重新加载时，我可以访问 GitHub、StackOverflow 或 o2online.de（我的 ISP 的客户门户）等网站，但大多数时候我根本无法访问它们。
通过以太网电缆连接，情况只会好一点。同一台笔记本电脑使用任何其他路由器都没有连接问题，包括我的安卓手机热点和众多共享办公咖啡馆。
到目前为止，同一路由器与任何其他客户端均未出现严重的连接问题，包括一台 Android 13 手机和一台联想 ThinkPad（均搭载 Linux Mint 和 Windows 10），不过您也可以在下面的 ThinkPad 跟踪路由协议中看到超时。
根据我的提供商（O2）的支持，路由器运行正常，并按合同规定提供服务。使用官方宽带分析应用程序测量网络速度德国联邦网络局的 Breitband 测量，有时由于“没有稳定的互联网”，分析根本无法开始，但大多数时候它报告的工作连接速度比我的计划要求的要快。
- 路由器：O2 HomeBox 6742，RTV7905VW-D112，台湾亚旭电脑股份有限公司
- 路由器固件版本：4.0.0.90v
- 计划：O2 my Home M（DSL，下载速度高达 50 Mbit/s，上传速度高达 10 Mbit/s）。
由于连接问题仅发生在以下客户端/路由器组合中，而与连接类型（wifi 或以太网）无关，这看起来像是软件/连接问题，因此尝试了各种配置设置，例如在客户端禁用 IPv6，并更改路由器配置中的 wifi 接入点设置，但无济于事。
据我所知，我的 Ubuntu 网络设置没有使用明确的网络管理器设置。
- 客户端：Tuxedo Infinitybook S15 gen 6
- 以太网接口：Realtek RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express 千兆以太网控制器
- 中央处理器：Intel i5-1135G7 (x64)
- 无线接口：英特尔Wi-Fi 6 AX200
- 操作系统：Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS
$ uname -a
Linux ingofinitybook 5.15.0-10048-tuxedo #54~20.04.1tux1 SMP Tue Sep 13 13:25:19 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
ingo@ingofinitybook:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 20.04.5 LTS
Release: 20.04
Codename: focal
$ sudo lshw -c network
*-network
description: Ethernet interface
product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:34:00.0
logical name: enp52s0
version: 15
serial: 80:fa:5b:90:d6:9b
size: 1Gbit/s
capacity: 1Gbit/s
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=5.15.0-10048-tuxedo duplex=full firmware=rtl8168h-2_0.0.2 02/26/15 ip=192.168.1.189 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=1Gbit/s
resources: irq:18 ioport:3000(size=256) memory:5aa04000-5aa04fff memory:5aa00000-5aa03fff
*-network
description: Wireless interface
product: Wi-Fi 6 AX200
vendor: Intel Corporation
physical id: 0
bus info: pci@0000:35:00.0
logical name: wlp53s0
version: 1a
serial: 18:26:49:cb:93:19
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=5.15.0-10048-tuxedo firmware=66.f1c864e0.0 cc-a0-66.ucode latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
resources: irq:19 memory:5a900000-5a903fff
*-network:0
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 3
logical name: vethfa1812f
serial: a2:a9:3c:cb:8f:66
size: 10Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=veth driverversion=1.0 duplex=full link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=10Gbit/s
*-network:1
description: Ethernet interface
physical id: 4
logical name: veth0617a79
serial: d6:33:23:74:68:37
size: 10Gbit/s
capabilities: ethernet physical
configuration: autonegotiation=off broadcast=yes driver=veth driverversion=1.0 duplex=full link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=10Gbit/s
$ ifconfig
br-430b980183b5: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 fe80::42:5dff:fe92:6a98 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether 02:42:5d:92:6a:98 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 138 bytes 18125 (18.1 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
docker0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.0.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.0.255
ether 02:42:c1:6f:18:d2 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
enp52s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet 192.168.1.189 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.255
inet6 2a01:c23:61ff:b300:e53:9b85:6dbc:2971 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
inet6 fe80::d019:39bb:40c6:8951 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
inet6 2a01:c23:61ff:b300:bd31:187a:630c:9a5f prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x0<global>
ether 80:fa:5b:90:d6:9b txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 4687 bytes 4523213 (4.5 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 3616 bytes 457095 (457.0 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING> mtu 65536
inet 127.0.0.1 netmask 255.0.0.0
inet6 ::1 prefixlen 128 scopeid 0x10<host>
loop txqueuelen 1000 (Local Loopback)
RX packets 37342 bytes 3291783 (3.2 MB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 37342 bytes 3291783 (3.2 MB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
veth0617a79: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::d433:23ff:fe74:6837 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether d6:33:23:74:68:37 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 180 bytes 23333 (23.3 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
vethfa1812f: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
inet6 fe80::a0a9:3cff:fecb:8f66 prefixlen 64 scopeid 0x20<link>
ether a2:a9:3c:cb:8f:66 txqueuelen 0 (Ethernet)
RX packets 0 bytes 0 (0.0 B)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 179 bytes 23261 (23.2 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
wlp53s0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 18:26:49:cb:93:19 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 355 bytes 148116 (148.1 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 234 bytes 36531 (36.5 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
跟踪路由
将有问题的设置（Infinitybook Ubuntu + O2 HomeBox 通过 wifi 或以太网）的跟踪路由与没有问题的跟踪路由（Infinitybook Ubuntu + 移动热点；ThinkPad Mint + O2 HomeBox；ThinkPad Windows + O2 HomeBox）进行比较：
Infinitybook Ubuntu + O2 HomeBox 6742 通过 wifi
$ traceroute google.com
traceroute to google.com (142.250.186.110), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 * * *
2 * * *
3 * * *
4 * * *
5 * * *
6 * * *
7 * * *
8 * * *
9 * * *
10 * * *
11 * * 74.125.244.100 (74.125.244.100) 51.553 ms
12 216.239.62.243 (216.239.62.243) 19.947 ms 172.253.71.134 (172.253.71.134) 19.935 ms *
13 108.170.228.254 (108.170.228.254) 26.808 ms 23.426 ms 22.833 ms
14 209.85.252.76 (209.85.252.76) 22.822 ms 108.170.228.254 (108.170.228.254) 29.663 ms 29.651 ms
15 108.170.252.1 (108.170.252.1) 23.958 ms 142.250.214.191 (142.250.214.191) 19.846 ms 108.170.252.1 (108.170.252.1) 24.502 ms
16 fra24s06-in-f14.1e100.net (142.250.186.110) 23.928 ms 142.250.214.191 (142.250.214.191) 26.335 ms fra24s06-in-f14.1e100.net (142.250.186.110) 23.327 ms
Infinitybook Ubuntu Linux + O2 HomeBox 6742 通过以太网
$ traceroute google.com
traceroute to google.com (142.250.186.174), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 * * *
2 loopback1.0003.acln.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de (62.52.201.186) 5.823 ms 5.807 ms 5.795 ms
3 bundle-ether17.0004.dbrx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.2.114) 5.784 ms 5.772 ms bundle-ether17.0003.dbrx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.2.110) 6.020 ms
4 bundle-ether10.0003.corx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.6.178) 17.041 ms ae10-0.0002.corx.02.ber.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.25.243) 16.260 ms bundle-ether11.0003.corx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.6.230) 20.189 ms
5 ae4-0.0002.corx.02.fra.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.0.73) 16.454 ms ae1-0.0001.corx.04.muc.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.5.86) 20.403 ms ae4-0.0002.corx.02.fra.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.0.73) 16.214 ms
6 bundle-ether2.0002.dbrx.04.muc.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.3.231) 16.202 ms 14.521 ms bundle-ether1.0003.dbrx.02.fra.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.14.163) 15.439 ms
7 bundle-ether1.0001.prrx.04.muc.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.7.157) 21.679 ms bundle-ether2.0001.prrx.04.muc.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.8.231) 18.400 ms bundle-ether1.0004.prrx.02.fra.de.net.telefonica.de (62.53.8.187) 15.808 ms
8 72.14.198.209 (72.14.198.209) 21.625 ms 21.043 ms 21.542 ms
9 * * *
10 142.250.234.18 (142.250.234.18) 19.872 ms 108.170.247.113 (108.170.247.113) 15.172 ms 216.239.63.96 (216.239.63.96) 14.681 ms
11 142.250.214.203 (142.250.214.203) 21.636 ms 108.170.247.103 (108.170.247.103) 14.788 ms 142.250.214.201 (142.250.214.201) 22.073 ms
12 fra24s08-in-f14.1e100.net (142.250.186.174) 21.886 ms * 172.253.70.79 (172.253.70.79) 21.659 ms
Infinitybook Ubuntu Linux + 移动热点（D2）
$ traceroute google.com
traceroute to google.com (172.217.16.78), 30 hops max, 60 byte packets
1 _gateway (192.168.71.2) 8.380 ms 8.326 ms 8.311 ms
2 * * *
3 * * *
4 * * *
5 * * *
6 * * *
7 * * *
8 * * *
9 145.254.2.217 (145.254.2.217) 89.478 ms 87.470 ms 87.531 ms
10 145.254.2.217 (145.254.2.217) 87.519 ms 87.428 ms 89.294 ms
11 72.14.216.250 (72.14.216.250) 87.371 ms 87.357 ms 74.249 ms
12 * * *
13 108.170.253.49 (108.170.253.49) 46.302 ms 142.251.244.104 (142.251.244.104) 46.481 ms par03s13-in-f78.1e100.net (172.217.16.78) 52.838 ms
联想 ThinkPad X230 Linux Mint + O2 HomeBox 6742 通过 wifi
$ tracepath google.com
1?: [LOCALHOST] 0.014ms pmtu 1492
1: o2.box 3.524ms
1: o2.box 2.874ms
2: 2a02:3001::240 8.881ms
3: 2a02:3001::161 9.362ms
4: no reply
5: no reply
6: 2a02:3001::6b 25.068ms asymm 4
7: 2a02:3040:0:10::c 18.002ms asymm 3
8: no reply
9: no reply
$ tracepath o2online.de
1?: [LOCALHOST] pmtu 1500
1: o2.box 1.757ms
1: o2.box 2.446ms
2: o2.box 1.752ms pmtu 1492
2: loopback1.0003.acln.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de 7.934ms
3: bundle-ether17.0004.dbrx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de 7.803ms
4: ae11-0.0002.corx.02.ber.de.net.telefonica.de 20.501ms asymm 6
5: ae4-0.0002.corx.02.fra.de.net.telefonica.de 19.694ms asymm 6
6: ae4-0.0002.dirx.04.fra.de.net.telefonica.de 18.061ms
7: 62.53.236.49 20.430ms asymm 6
8: no reply
9: no reply
联想 ThinkPad X230 Windows 10 + O2 HomeBox 6742（通过 wifi）
>tracert google.com
Tracing route to google.com [2a00:1450:4001:82b::200e] over a maximum of 30 hops:
1 2 ms 6 ms 7 ms o2.box [2a01:c23:61ff:b300:8ade:7cff:fe36:bc69]
2 8 ms 8 ms 7 ms 2a02:3001::240
3 * * 13 ms 2a02:3001::161
4 21 ms 20 ms * bundle-ether7.0003.corx.01.ber.de.net.telefonica.de [::ffff:62.53.13.42]
5 * * * Request timed out.
6 17 ms 17 ms 20 ms 2a02:3001::3f
7 24 ms 20 ms 20 ms 2a02:3040:0:10::c
8 18 ms * * 2001:4860:0:110c::8
9 21 ms 28 ms 20 ms 2001:4860::c:4001:5638
10 * 27 ms 40 ms 2001:4860::c:4000:f873
11 * * * Request timed out.
12 23 ms 23 ms 22 ms 2001:4860:0:1::5013
13 23 ms 23 ms 23 ms fra24s08-in-x0e.1e100.net [2a00:1450:4001:82b::200e]
Trace complete.