解决方案

Question

我尝试在 Ubuntu 22.04.2LTS 上安装 NodeJS 版本 14，但弹出此错误

dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)

如果有人需要的话，这是完整的日志：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  gyp javascript-common libdevmapper1.02.1:i386 libefiboot1:i386
  libefivar1:i386 libjs-events libjs-highlight.js libjs-inherits
  libjs-is-typedarray libjs-psl libjs-source-map libjs-sprintf-js
  libjs-typedarray-to-buffer libnode-dev libnode72 libssl-dev libuv1-dev
  node-abbrev node-ansi-regex node-ansi-styles node-ansistyles
  node-are-we-there-yet node-arrify node-asap node-asynckit
  node-balanced-match node-brace-expansion node-chownr node-clean-yaml-object
  node-color-convert node-color-name node-commander node-core-util-is
  node-decompress-response node-delayed-stream node-delegates node-depd
  node-diff node-encoding node-end-of-stream node-err-code
  node-escape-string-regexp node-fancy-log node-foreground-child
  node-fs.realpath node-function-bind node-get-stream node-glob node-growl
  node-has-flag node-has-unicode node-hosted-git-info node-iconv-lite
  node-iferr node-imurmurhash node-indent-string node-inflight node-inherits
  node-ini node-ip node-ip-regex node-is-buffer node-is-plain-obj
  node-is-typedarray node-isarray node-isexe node-json-parse-better-errors
  node-jsonparse node-kind-of node-lodash-packages node-lowercase-keys
  node-lru-cache node-mimic-response node-minimatch node-minimist
  node-minipass node-mute-stream node-negotiator node-npm-bundled node-once
  node-osenv node-p-cancelable node-p-map node-path-is-absolute
  node-process-nextick-args node-promise-inflight node-promise-retry
  node-promzard node-pump node-quick-lru node-read node-readable-stream
  node-resolve node-retry node-safe-buffer node-set-blocking node-signal-exit
  node-slash node-slice-ansi node-source-map node-spdx-correct
  node-spdx-exceptions node-spdx-expression-parse node-spdx-license-ids
  node-sprintf-js node-stealthy-require node-string-decoder
  node-supports-color node-text-table node-time-stamp node-tmatch
  node-typedarray-to-buffer node-universalify node-util-deprecate
  node-validate-npm-package-license node-webidl-conversions node-whatwg-fetch
  node-wrappy node-yallist
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nodejs
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 114 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/25.4 MB of archives.
After this operation, 121 MB of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database ... 255398 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nodejs_14.21.3-deb-1nodesource1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nodejs (14.21.3-deb-1nodesource1) ...
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/nodejs_14.21.3-deb-1nodes
ource1_amd64.deb (--unpack):
 trying to overwrite '/usr/include/node/common.gypi', which is also in package l
ibnode-dev 12.22.9~dfsg-1ubuntu3
dpkg-deb: error: paste subprocess was killed by signal (Broken pipe)
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/nodejs_14.21.3-deb-1nodesource1_amd64.deb```

Answer 1

解决方案

安装 node 时，我强烈建议使用 nvm（Node 版本管理器）进行安装。这样可以轻松使用关联的 npm 从 node 安装某个版本。它还可以非常轻松地在 node 版本之间进行切换。

安装 nvm

您可以在这里找到 nvm：https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm。

跑步： curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.39.3/install.sh | bash

这将在您的主目录中创建一个 .nvm 目录并尝试更新您的 .bashrc。

如果您不使用 bash，请参阅文档，几乎所有内容都受支持。

使用 nvm 安装节点

重新打开您的终端，以便使用 nvm 脚本。

安装你的节点版本：
nvm install 14

选择您的节点版本：
nvm use 14

如果您想检查特定版本运行：
nvm ls-remote

节点已安装

现在，您的 node 版本已与其关联的 npm 版本一起安装。每个 node 版本都有自己的 node_modules。这意味着全局安装的 npm 包仅适用于您安装它的 node 版本。

如果您想在节点版本之间切换，只需安装一个新版本，然后nvm install lts使用 进行切换nvm use lts。

如果您需要更多信息，请务必查看其 github 上的 README.md。