我们目前正在使用 Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 5.4.0-153-generic x86_64)，并尝试将内核升级到 5.15 或更高版本。即使在搜索了多个帖子、wiki 等之后，内核仍停留在 5.4.0。我们没有主意了，希望有人能为我们指明正确的方向。
我们的尝试：
sudo apt update && sudo apt full-upgrade && sudo apt clean && sudo apt autoremove根据这篇文章sudo apt-get install linux回E: Unable to locate package linuxsudo apt-get install linux-generic回linux-generic is already the newest version (5.15.0.89.86)sudo apt-get install linux-image-generic回linux-image-generic is already the newest version (5.15.0.89.86)- 根据答案使用 ubuntu-mainline-kernel.sh这个帖子经过测试我们通过相同的脚本卸载了内核。
sudo apt install linux-generic-hwe-22.04根据这篇文章
重启后uname -r仍会返回5.4.0-153-generic
从我在其他帖子中读到的内容来看，您可能需要这些信息（如果缺少某些内容，请告诉我）：
$ uname -a
Linux vm-server-1 5.4.0-153-generic #170-Ubuntu SMP Fri Jun 16 13:43:31 UTC 2023 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
$ sudo apt policy linux-image
linux-image:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: (none)
Version table:
$ sudo apt-cache policy linux-generic
linux-generic:
Installed: 5.15.0.89.86
Candidate: 5.15.0.89.86
Version table:
*** 5.15.0.89.86 500
500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages
500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages
100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
5.15.0.25.27 500
500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages
$ sudo apt-mark showmanual | grep linux-image
linux-image-generic
$ sudo apt-mark showmanual | grep linux-headers
# nothing
$ sudo apt-mark showauto | grep linux-image
linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic
linux-image-6.2.0-37-generic
linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04
$ sudo apt-mark showauto | grep linux-headers
linux-headers-5.15.0-89
linux-headers-5.15.0-89-generic
linux-headers-6.2.0-37-generic
linux-headers-generic
linux-headers-generic-hwe-22.04
$ sudo update-grub
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub'
Sourcing file `/etc/default/grub.d/init-select.cfg'
Generating grub configuration file ...
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-6.2.0-37-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-6.2.0-37-generic
Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-5.15.0-89-generic
Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-5.15.0-89-generic
Warning: os-prober will not be executed to detect other bootable partitions.
Systems on them will not be added to the GRUB boot configuration.
Check GRUB_DISABLE_OS_PROBER documentation entry.
Adding boot menu entry for UEFI Firmware Settings ...
done
$ sudo grub-editenv list
# nothing
$ sudo dpkg --get-selections | grep linux-image
linux-image-5.15.0-76-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-78-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic deinstall
linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic install
linux-image-6.2.0-37-generic install
linux-image-generic install
linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04 install
$ sudo dpkg -l | egrep linux-'[g|h|i|m]'
ii binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu 2.38-4ubuntu2.3 amd64 GNU binary utilities, for x86-64-linux-gnu target
ii linux-generic 5.15.0.89.86 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
ii linux-generic-hwe-22.04 6.2.0.37.38~22.04.15 amd64 Complete Generic Linux kernel and headers
ii linux-headers-5.15.0-89 5.15.0-89.99 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 5.15.0
ii linux-headers-5.15.0-89-generic 5.15.0-89.99 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-6.2.0-37-generic 6.2.0-37.38~22.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel headers for version 6.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-headers-generic 5.15.0.89.86 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headers
ii linux-headers-generic-hwe-22.04 6.2.0.37.38~22.04.15 amd64 Generic Linux kernel headers
ii linux-hwe-6.2-headers-6.2.0-37 6.2.0-37.38~22.04.1 all Header files related to Linux kernel version 6.2.0
rc linux-image-5.15.0-76-generic 5.15.0-76.83 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-78-generic 5.15.0-78.85 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-79-generic 5.15.0-79.86 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-82-generic 5.15.0-82.91 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-83-generic 5.15.0-83.92 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-84-generic 5.15.0-84.93 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-86-generic 5.15.0-86.96 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-87-generic 5.15.0-87.97 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
rc linux-image-5.15.0-88-generic 5.15.0-88.98 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-5.15.0-89-generic 5.15.0-89.99 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-6.2.0-37-generic 6.2.0-37.38~22.04.1 amd64 Signed kernel image generic
ii linux-image-generic 5.15.0.89.86 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
ii linux-image-generic-hwe-22.04 6.2.0.37.38~22.04.15 amd64 Generic Linux kernel image
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-76-generic 5.15.0-76.83 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-78-generic 5.15.0-78.85 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-79-generic 5.15.0-79.86 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-82-generic 5.15.0-82.91 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-83-generic 5.15.0-83.92 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-84-generic 5.15.0-84.93 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-86-generic 5.15.0-86.96 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-87-generic 5.15.0-87.97 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-5.15.0-88-generic 5.15.0-88.98 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-5.15.0-89-generic 5.15.0-89.99 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-6.2.0-37-generic 6.2.0-37.38~22.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 6.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-76-generic 5.15.0-76.83 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-78-generic 5.15.0-78.85 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-79-generic 5.15.0-79.86 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-82-generic 5.15.0-82.91 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-83-generic 5.15.0-83.92 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-84-generic 5.15.0-84.93 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-86-generic 5.15.0-86.96 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-87-generic 5.15.0-87.97 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
rc linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-88-generic 5.15.0-88.98 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-extra-5.15.0-89-generic 5.15.0-89.99 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 5.15.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
ii linux-modules-extra-6.2.0-37-generic 6.2.0-37.38~22.04.1 amd64 Linux kernel extra modules for version 6.2.0 on 64 bit x86 SMP
$ ls /boot
System.map-5.15.0-89-generic config-5.15.0-89-generic grub initrd.img-5.15.0-89-generic initrd.img.old vmlinuz vmlinuz-6.2.0-37-generic
System.map-6.2.0-37-generic config-6.2.0-37-generic initrd.img initrd.img-6.2.0-37-generic lost+found vmlinuz-5.15.0-89-generic vmlinuz.old
$ cat /etc/*release
DISTRIB_ID=Ubuntu
DISTRIB_RELEASE=22.04
DISTRIB_CODENAME=jammy
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS"
PRETTY_NAME="Ubuntu 22.04.3 LTS"
NAME="Ubuntu"
VERSION_ID="22.04"
VERSION="22.04.3 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)"
VERSION_CODENAME=jammy
ID=ubuntu
ID_LIKE=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://help.ubuntu.com/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/"
PRIVACY_POLICY_URL="https://www.ubuntu.com/legal/terms-and-policies/privacy-policy"
UBUNTU_CODENAME=jammy
分区信息：
$ sudo parted -l
Model: ATA Samsung SSD 870 (scsi)
Disk /dev/sda: 2000GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 2097kB 1049kB bios_grub
2 2097kB 2150MB 2147MB ext4
3 2150MB 2000GB 1998GB
Model: Linux device-mapper (linear) (dm)
Disk /dev/mapper/ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv: 1998GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: loop
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Flags
1 0,00B 1998GB 1998GB ext4
Model: Samsung SSD 960 EVO 500GB (nvme)
Disk /dev/nvme0n1: 500GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Disk Flags:
Number Start End Size File system Name Flags
1 1049kB 538MB 537MB fat32 boot, esp
2 538MB 1612MB 1074MB ext4
3 1612MB 500GB 498GB
$ sudo lsblk -f
NAME FSTYPE FSVER LABEL UUID FSAVAIL FSUSE% MOUNTPOINTS
loop0 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/core20/1974
loop1 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/core20/2015
loop2 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/lxd/24322
loop3 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/snapd/20092
loop4 squashfs 4.0 0 100% /snap/snapd/20290
sda
├─sda1
├─sda2 ext4 1.0 a2c63d1f-fec5-4509-a3d6-5ad29a80659a 1,5G 14% /boot
└─sda3 LVM2_member LVM2 001 ZfgXCe-fGAO-4892-UF2D-V4gq-d7hQ-5SggRI
└─ubuntu--vg-ubuntu--lv ext4 1.0 6b157c55-6273-4694-bc9d-237cea92d8d8 1,7T 2% /
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat FAT32 4CEE-91B6
├─nvme0n1p2 ext4 1.0 f007e56e-a254-48ea-8468-c65ecc7b478e
└─nvme0n1p3
$ cat /etc/fstab
# /etc/fstab: static file system information.
#
# Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
# device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
# that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
#
# <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
# / was on /dev/ubuntu-vg/ubuntu-lv during curtin installation
/dev/disk/by-id/dm-uuid-LVM-1OpWKw4SuxDrjnHjXbSxnsYuaTPZbHWZfd2iKx7srOOcU4DgSRcde81utmMRfYC1 / ext4 defaults 0 1
# /boot was on /dev/sda2 during curtin installation
/dev/disk/by-uuid/a2c63d1f-fec5-4509-a3d6-5ad29a80659a /boot ext4 defaults 0 1
/swap.img none swap sw 0 0
硬件：
- 华硕 PRIME B350-PLUS 主板
- AMD Ryzen 7 1700 八核处理器
重启后uname -r仍会返回5.4.0-153-generic。最后说明：通过 安装新软件包时，apt install会出现一条消息，提示已找到新内核，重启后将使用该内核。但内核仍为 5.4。
答案1
由于我们完全重新安装了服务器，因此不再需要任何答案。
最有可能的是，Ubuntu 22.04 之前没有正确安装，在启动时选择了来自另一个分区的旧 Linux 内核，而不是较新安装的内核。