我正在尝试在我的笔记本电脑上安装 Ubuntu 22.04 作为双启动，但遇到了一些麻烦。
我有一台惠普 Pavillion，装有 Windows 11。我刚刚格式化了我的笔记本电脑，重新安装了所有东西。我在磁盘上创建了一个 50GB 的分区，计划在上面安装 Ubuntu。我使用 Rufus 和 Ubuntu 网站上的 ISO 文件刷新了一个 USB 驱动器。我在 BIOS 界面中更改了启动顺序以优先考虑 USB 驱动器，我还禁用了安全启动。
我启动了连接了 USB 驱动器的计算机，一切顺利，我进入 Linux 安装过程，选择正常安装，检查第三方程序，以及安装时下载内容的程序。然后我选择手动分区选项，创建一个 4GB 的交换分区（交换选项），并创建一个根分区（ext4 和“/”）。然后我继续。安装开始，一切顺利，直到接近结束时停止并显示此错误：Unable to install GRUB in /dev/nvme0n1: executing grub-install /dev/nvme0n1 failed. this is a fatal error。这里失败了。
我尝试启动 Linux 实时会话并安装 Boot-Repair，然后运行它并执行建议的修复，但出现另一个错误：/target detected. Please close the Ubuntu installer, then retry。
我运行了 Boot-Repair 分析并得到了这个 pastebin：https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/b6DXbpmwvg/
============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================
=> No known boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda.
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg
sda2: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: FAT16
Boot sector info: According to the info in the boot sector, sda2 starts
at sector 0. But according to the info from fdisk,
sda2 starts at sector 15238408. According to the info
in the boot sector, sda2 has 0 sectors.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bootaa64.efi /efi/Boot/bootarm.efi
/efi/Boot/bootia32.efi /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/Rufus/exfat_aa64.efi /efi/Rufus/exfat_arm.efi
/efi/Rufus/exfat_ia32.efi /efi/Rufus/exfat_x64.efi
/efi/Rufus/ntfs_aa64.efi /efi/Rufus/ntfs_arm.efi
/efi/Rufus/ntfs_ia32.efi /efi/Rufus/ntfs_x64.efi
md/imsm0: ______________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
md/imsm1: ______________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: Unknown
Boot sector info:
================================ 0 OS detected =================================
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: Iris Plus Graphics G7 from Intel Corporation
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS, jammy, x86_64)
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS/UEFI firmware: F.30(15.30) from AMI
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this live-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 0003
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0003,0000,0001,0002
Boot0000* ubuntu HD(1,GPT,794dca7b-e5b4-414b-9824-1de042ba7e67,0x800,0x82000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot0001* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,794dca7b-e5b4-414b-9824-1de042ba7e67,0x800,0x82000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}...&................
Boot0002* Internal Hard Disk PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x17,0x0)/Sata(6144,32768,1)/HD(1,GPT,794dca7b-e5b4-414b-9824-1de042ba7e67,0x800,0x82000)..BO
Boot0003* USB Drive (UEFI) - USB Flash MemoryPMAP PciRoot(0x0)/Pci(0x14,0x0)/USB(1,0)/HD(2,GPT,3ce2f0f9-7591-4ff9-9173-994724c1c9e8,0xe88508,0x800)..BO
e099b8f8463ef839720fda267e70eeb1 sda2/Boot/bootaa64.efi
cfd0ce50df258fc747f5753ecf6ec312 sda2/Boot/bootarm.efi
19a65a943434a625a53490391fa28349 sda2/Boot/bootia32.efi
3fdfc83db7958b2eac1e720334f12147 sda2/Boot/bootx64.efi
4a4e8e66e0d3712f19d964a7bca4fafc sda2/Rufus/exfat_aa64.efi
93f66a43d49990f986a81c67843d66a5 sda2/Rufus/exfat_arm.efi
3c5f23f198267df4a64fe2a3587039e7 sda2/Rufus/exfat_ia32.efi
81d015f35982a0bbf4056f09a2eca39a sda2/Rufus/exfat_x64.efi
a03e27b0e7f2e03519166bf6b41f68c5 sda2/Rufus/ntfs_aa64.efi
2f31c70d3f4235476cd9ed6a18e13221 sda2/Rufus/ntfs_arm.efi
7e7e67c33ce9ff2961a4be4080d23352 sda2/Rufus/ntfs_ia32.efi
30c7e0752040cf5e31843d897a53e055 sda2/Rufus/ntfs_x64.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
sda : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has-noESP, usb-disk, not-mmc, no-os, no-wind, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
sda2 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
sda2 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
sda2 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, sda
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk nvme1n1: 238.47 GiB, 256060514304 bytes, 500118192 sectors
Disk identifier: A7A91DE9-2963-4BF9-8E69-C1BE2BC06A1C
Start End Sectors Size Type
nvme1n1p1 2048 534527 532480 260M EFI System
nvme1n1p2 534528 567295 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
nvme1n1p3 567296 393799455 393232160 187.5G Microsoft basic data
nvme1n1p4 498659328 500099071 1439744 703M Windows recovery environment
Disk nvme0n1: 13.41 GiB, 14403239936 bytes, 28131328 sectors
Disk sda: 7.27 GiB, 7803174912 bytes, 15240576 sectors
Disk identifier: 43B00A3D-D935-47FB-9FB6-7C8A900E8421
Start End Sectors Size Type
sda1 2048 15238407 15236360 7.3G Microsoft basic data
sda2 15238408 15240455 2048 1M Microsoft basic data
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:7803MB:scsi:512:512:gpt: USB Flash Memory:;
1:1049kB:7802MB:7801MB:ntfs:Main Data Partition:msftdata;
2:7802MB:7803MB:1049kB::UEFI:NTFS:msftdata;
nvme0n1:14.4GB:nvme:512:512:unknown:INTEL HBRPEKNX0101AHO:;
nvme1n1:256GB:nvme:512:512:gpt:INTEL HBRPEKNX0101AH:;
1:1049kB:274MB:273MB:fat32:EFI system partition:boot, esp;
2:274MB:290MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
3:290MB:202GB:201GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
4:255GB:256GB:737MB:ntfs::hidden, diag;
Free space >10MiB: ______________________________________________________________
nvme1n1: 192285MiB:243486MiB:51201MiB
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
├─sda1 ntfs 089C547D9C5466EA a928fc82-48a5-42a6-81c6-bbb0d2d47f12 Ubuntu 22_04_4 LTS amd64 Main Data Partition
└─sda2 vfat 5FA3-F2DA 3ce2f0f9-7591-4ff9-9173-994724c1c9e8 UEFI_NTFS UEFI:NTFS
nvme1n1 isw_raid_member
└─md127
nvme0n1 isw_raid_member
└─md126
Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 2.6G 65% /cdrom
/dev/sda2 130K 87% /mnt/boot-sav/sda2
efivarfs 110.8K 40% /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________
/dev/sda1 fuseblk rw,relatime,user_id=0,group_id=0,allow_other,blksize=4096
/dev/sda2 vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,errors=remount-ro
====================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Try or Install Ubuntu
Ubuntu (safe graphics)
OEM install (for manufacturers)
Boot from next volume
UEFI Firmware Settings
Test memory
==================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc =========================
Unknown MBR on /dev/sda
/dev/sda2: unknown GPT attributes
9000000000000000
Unknown BootLoader on md/imsm0
Unknown BootLoader on md/imsm1
=================== blkid (filtered) before raid activation ====================
/dev/nvme0n1: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/nvme1n1p1: LABEL="SYSTEM" UUID="A20A-FDA4" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="EFI system partition" PARTUUID="794dca7b-e5b4-414b-9824-1de042ba7e67"
/dev/nvme1n1p3: LABEL="Windows" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="1CEE539DEE536DD0" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Basic data partition" PARTUUID="f11520f9-3994-4bb1-ad3e-eb725513d0e8"
/dev/nvme1n1p4: BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="E80CF4D40CF49EAE" TYPE="ntfs" PARTUUID="5710657f-a947-4111-84ce-bb82bd7dd40e"
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Ubuntu 22_04_4 LTS amd64" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="089C547D9C5466EA" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Main Data Partition" PARTUUID="a928fc82-48a5-42a6-81c6-bbb0d2d47f12"
/dev/sda2: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL_FATBOOT="UEFI_NTFS" LABEL="UEFI_NTFS" UUID="5FA3-F2DA" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="UEFI:NTFS" PARTUUID="3ce2f0f9-7591-4ff9-9173-994724c1c9e8"
/dev/nvme1n1p2: PARTLABEL="Microsoft reserved partition" PARTUUID="21abd4cd-420d-466d-b0cf-af511a0654b6"
==================================== dmraid ====================================
dmraid -si -c
no block devices found
dmraid -ay:
no block devices found
dmraid -sa -c:
no block devices found
==================================== mdadm =====================================
mdadm --assemble --scan
mdadm --detail --scan
ARRAY /dev/md/imsm0 metadata=imsm UUID=9519726f:d304236b:940b8e71:c7330537
ARRAY /dev/md/imsm1 metadata=imsm UUID=b71614e7:dd893aee:cda51236:c3f3f731
Successfully activated RAID.
==================== blkid (filtered) after raid activation ====================
/dev/nvme0n1: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
/dev/sda1: LABEL="Ubuntu 22_04_4 LTS amd64" BLOCK_SIZE="512" UUID="089C547D9C5466EA" TYPE="ntfs" PARTLABEL="Main Data Partition" PARTUUID="a928fc82-48a5-42a6-81c6-bbb0d2d47f12"
/dev/sda2: SEC_TYPE="msdos" LABEL_FATBOOT="UEFI_NTFS" LABEL="UEFI_NTFS" UUID="5FA3-F2DA" BLOCK_SIZE="512" TYPE="vfat" PARTLABEL="UEFI:NTFS" PARTUUID="3ce2f0f9-7591-4ff9-9173-994724c1c9e8"
/dev/nvme1n1: TYPE="isw_raid_member"
Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would not act on the boot.