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dpkg -l 的输出是什么意思？

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dpkg -l 的输出是什么意思？

该命令dpkg -l用于列出系统中所有已安装的包。

但如果你查看如下输出：

ii  whoopsie       0.1.34         Ubuntu crash database submission daemon
rc  wicd-daemon    1.7.2.3-1ubunt wired and wireless network manager - daemon
rc  wicd-gtk       1.7.2.3-1ubunt wired and wireless network manager - GTK+ cl
ii  winbind        2:3.6.3-2ubunt Samba nameservice integration server
ii  wine           1:1.7.18-0ubun Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (meta-
ii  wine-gecko2.21 2.21-0ubuntu1~ Microsoft Windows compatibility layer (embed
ii  wine-gecko2.21 2.21-0ubuntu1~ Microsoft Windows compatibility layer (embed
ii  wine-mono0.0.8 0.0.8-0ubuntu1 Microsoft Windows compatibility layer (.NET 
rc  wine1.4        1.4.1-0ubuntu1 Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (Binar
rc  wine1.4-amd64  1.4.1-0ubuntu1 Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (64-bi
rc  wine1.4-i386:i 1.4.1-0ubuntu1 Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (32-bi
ii  wine1.6        1:1.6.1-0ubunt Microsoft Windows Compatibility Layer (Binar

您可以看到第一个元素是ii或rc。

ii所以我的问题是and的含义是什么 rc？

答案1

要获得该信息，您需要查看的手册页dpkg-query。来自man dpkg-query：

输出的前三列按顺序显示所需的操作、包状态和错误。

          Desired action:
            u = Unknown
            i = Install
            h = Hold
            r = Remove
            p = Purge

          Package status:
            n = Not-installed
            c = Config-files
            H = Half-installed
            U = Unpacked
            F = Half-configured
            W = Triggers-awaiting
            t = Triggers-pending
            i = Installed

          Error flags:
            <empty> = (none)
            R = Reinst-required

答案2

引自https://linuxprograms.wordpress.com/2010/05/11/status-dpkg-list/

每个包裹的状态用三个字符 xxx 表示

第一个字符表示所需状态

u: Unknown (an unknown state)
i: Install (marked for installation)
r: Remove (marked for removal)
p: Purge (marked for purging)
h: Hold

第二个字符表示当前状态，是否安装。

n: Not- The package is not installed
i: Inst – The package is successfully installed
c: Cfg-files – Configuration files are present
u: Unpacked- The package is stilled unpacked
f: Failed-cfg- Failed to remove configuration files
h: Half-inst- The package is only partially installed
W: trig-aWait
t: Trig-pend

第三个字符对应错误状态。

R: Reinst-required The package must be installed.

然后

rc删除配置文件存在的软件包

ii找到标记为安装的软件包，并成功安装

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