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输入未找到的命令后在 dnf 中进行未经授权的安装

tag-icon • tag-icon bash fedora password dnf command-not-found
输入未找到的命令后在 dnf 中进行未经授权的安装

我使用的是 Korora 23，它基于 Fedora 23。

每当我在 bash 中键入不可用的命令时，bash 都会询问我是否要安装包来提供该命令。问题是，如果我输入y，它会安装软件包而不要求任何密码。这并不是sudo说不需要密码。使用 时肯定会出现密码提示sudo dnf install <package>，但当 bash 尝试自行执行此操作时则不会。我应该从哪里开始寻找问题呢？ enter image description here

重击参考：

[12:06 mayank ~]$ nano
bash: nano: command not found...
Install package 'nano' to provide command 'nano'? [N/y] y


 * Waiting in queue... 
 * Loading list of packages.... 
The following packages have to be installed:
 nano-2.4.2-3.fc23.x86_64   A small text editor
Proceed with changes? [N/y] y


 * Waiting in queue... 
 * Waiting for authentication... 
 * Waiting in queue... 
 * Downloading packages... 
 * Requesting data... 
 * Testing changes... 
 * Installing packages... 
Received SIGHUP or SIGTERM

[12:06 mayank ~]$ sudo dnf remove nano
[sudo] password for mayank: 
Dependencies resolved.
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                        Arch                                             Version                                                  Repository                                          Size
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Removing:
 nano                                           x86_64                                           2.4.2-3.fc23                                             @updates                                           1.9 M

Transaction Summary
===================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Remove  1 Package

Installed size: 1.9 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running transaction check
Transaction check succeeded.
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded.
Running transaction
  Erasing     : nano-2.4.2-3.fc23.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                       1/1 
  Verifying   : nano-2.4.2-3.fc23.x86_64                                                                                                                                                                       1/1 

Removed:
  nano.x86_64 2.4.2-3.fc23                                                                                                                                                                                         

Complete!

命令未找到句柄：

[12:49 mayank ~]$ type command_not_found_handle
command_not_found_handle is a function
command_not_found_handle () 
{ 
    local runcnf=1;
    local retval=127;
    [[ $- =~ i ]] || runcnf=0;
    [[ ! -S /var/run/dbus/system_bus_socket ]] && runcnf=0;
    [[ ! -x '/usr/libexec/packagekitd' ]] && runcnf=0;
    [[ -n ${COMP_CWORD-} ]] && runcnf=0;
    if [ $runcnf -eq 1 ]; then
        '/usr/libexec/pk-command-not-found' "$@";
        retval=$?;
    else
        if [[ -n "${BASH_VERSION-}" ]]; then
            printf 'bash: %scommand not found\n' "${1:+$1: }" 1>&2;
        fi;
    fi;
    return $retval
}

苏多尔斯文件：

## Sudoers allows particular users to run various commands as
## the root user, without needing the root password.
##
## Examples are provided at the bottom of the file for collections
## of related commands, which can then be delegated out to particular
## users or groups.
## 
## This file must be edited with the 'visudo' command.

## Host Aliases
## Groups of machines. You may prefer to use hostnames (perhaps using 
## wildcards for entire domains) or IP addresses instead.
# Host_Alias     FILESERVERS = fs1, fs2
# Host_Alias     MAILSERVERS = smtp, smtp2

## User Aliases
## These aren't often necessary, as you can use regular groups
## (ie, from files, LDAP, NIS, etc) in this file - just use %groupname 
## rather than USERALIAS
# User_Alias ADMINS = jsmith, mikem


## Command Aliases
## These are groups of related commands...

## Networking
# Cmnd_Alias NETWORKING = /sbin/route, /sbin/ifconfig, /bin/ping, /sbin/dhclient, /usr/bin/net, /sbin/iptables, /usr/bin/rfcomm, /usr/bin/wvdial, /sbin/iwconfig, /sbin/mii-tool

## Installation and management of software
# Cmnd_Alias SOFTWARE = /bin/rpm, /usr/bin/up2date, /usr/bin/yum

## Services
# Cmnd_Alias SERVICES = /sbin/service, /sbin/chkconfig

## Updating the locate database
# Cmnd_Alias LOCATE = /usr/bin/updatedb

## Storage
# Cmnd_Alias STORAGE = /sbin/fdisk, /sbin/sfdisk, /sbin/parted, /sbin/partprobe, /bin/mount, /bin/umount

## Delegating permissions
# Cmnd_Alias DELEGATING = /usr/sbin/visudo, /bin/chown, /bin/chmod, /bin/chgrp 

## Processes
# Cmnd_Alias PROCESSES = /bin/nice, /bin/kill, /usr/bin/kill, /usr/bin/killall

## Drivers
# Cmnd_Alias DRIVERS = /sbin/modprobe

# Defaults specification

#
# Refuse to run if unable to disable echo on the tty.
#
Defaults   !visiblepw

Defaults    env_reset
Defaults    env_keep =  "COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC KDEDIR LS_COLORS"
Defaults    env_keep += "MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE"
Defaults    env_keep += "LC_COLLATE LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES"
Defaults    env_keep += "LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER LC_TELEPHONE"
Defaults    env_keep += "LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS _XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY"

Defaults    secure_path = /sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

## Next comes the main part: which users can run what software on 
## which machines (the sudoers file can be shared between multiple
## systems).
## Syntax:
##
##  user    MACHINE=COMMANDS
##
## The COMMANDS section may have other options added to it.
##
## Allow root to run any commands anywhere 
root    ALL=(ALL)   ALL

## Allows members of the 'sys' group to run networking, software, 
## service management apps and more.
# %sys ALL = NETWORKING, SOFTWARE, SERVICES, STORAGE, DELEGATING, PROCESSES, LOCATE, DRIVERS

## Allows people in group wheel to run all commands
%wheel  ALL=(ALL)   ALL

## Same thing without a password
# %wheel    ALL=(ALL)   NOPASSWD: ALL

## Allows members of the users group to mount and unmount the 
## cdrom as root
# %users  ALL=/sbin/mount /mnt/cdrom, /sbin/umount /mnt/cdrom

## Allows members of the users group to shutdown this system
# %users  localhost=/sbin/shutdown -h now

## Read drop-in files from /etc/sudoers.d (the # here does not mean a comment)
#includedir /etc/sudoers.d
#ALL ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:/usr/local/Mobile_Partner/Mobile_Partner/MobilePartner.sh
%admin ALL=(ALL)ALL

答案1

根据右手#1225788，这是预期的行为：

按照设计，管理员用户（在wheel组中）可以安装软件而无需输入密码。看 https://pagure.io/fesco/issue/1115#comment-27002以及票证中有关背景信息的讨论。

（已编辑 URL 以匹配准确的评论。）

答案2

有一个名为的文件/usr/share/polkit-1/rules.d/org.freedesktop.packagekit.rules，其内容如下：

polkit.addRule(function(action, subject) {
    if (action.id == "org.freedesktop.packagekit.package-install" &&
        subject.active == true && subject.local == true &&
        subject.isInGroup("wheel")) {
            return polkit.Result.YES;
    }
});

评论这些行解决了问题。现在，每当 bash 建议我一个包时，它都会在身份验证阶段显示一个对话框。

答案3

这两个答案都部分解释了它的工作原理并且没问题，但忽略了原因。

让我解释一下类似的关于SU的问题：

  • 您是由 PolicyKit 授予访问权限的，而不是由sudo.
  • CommandNotFound 是 PackageKit 的一部分，而不是dnf
  • 这不是一个问题，而是一个功能

为什么？ PackageKit 应用程序是一个有限的应用程序，它允许您从图形用户界面安装和更新包。但前提是：

  • 来自已添加存储库的软件包（因此不是来自 Internet 的任何特定软件包）。
  • 并且您的用户处于活动状态、本地且位于组中wheel- 设置新用户时的管理员复选框。

因此，安装未经授权，即使有人为您安装某些东西，也将来自官方存储库，其中不应包含任何有害内容。

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