在操作系统为ubuntu 22.04.2的服务器上安装了MySQL版本8.0.33，配置如下：
/etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
#
# The MySQL database server configuration file.
#
# One can use all long options that the program supports.
# Run program with --help to get a list of available options and with
# --print-defaults to see which it would actually understand and use.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html
#
# Here is entries for some specific programs
# The following values assume you have at least 32M ram
#
[mysqld]
#
# * Basic Settings
#
user = mysql
pid-file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
port = 3306
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
#
#
# If MySQL is running as a replication slave, this should be
# changed. Ref https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tmpd>
# tmpdir = /tmp
#
# Instead of skip-networking the default is now to listen only on
# localhost which is more compatible and is not less secure.
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
mysqlx-bind-address = 0.0.0.0
#
# * Fine Tuning
#
key_buffer_size = 16M
# max_allowed_packet = 64M
# thread_stack = 256K
#
#
# thread_cache_size = -1
#
# This replaces the startup script and checks MyISAM tables if needed
# the first time they are touched
myisam-recover-options = BACKUP
#
# max_connections = 151
#
# table_open_cache = 4000
#
# * Logging and Replication
#
# Both location gets rotated by the cronjob.
#
# Log all queries
# Be aware that this log type is a performance killer.
# general_log_file = /var/log/mysql/query.log
# general_log = 1
#
# Error log - should be very few entries.
#
log_error = /var/log/mysql/error.log
log_error_verbosity = 3
#
# Here you can see queries with especially long duration
# slow_query_log = 1
# slow_query_log_file = /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log
# long_query_time = 2
# log-queries-not-using-indexes
#
# The following can be used as easy to replay backup logs or for replication.
# note: if you are setting up a replication slave, see README.Debian about
# other settings you may need to change.
# server-id = 1
# log_bin = /var/log/mysql/mysql-bin.log
# binlog_expire_logs_seconds = 2592000
max_binlog_size = 100M
# binlog_do_db = include_database_name
# binlog_ignore_db = include_database_name
#
sudo nano /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2023-06-28 22:25:07 +03; 6min ago
Process: 2043942 ExecStartPre=/usr/share/mysql/mysql-systemd-start pre (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 2043950 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 37 (limit: 77022)
Memory: 369.5M
CPU: 1.782s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─2043950 /usr/sbin/mysqld
journalctl -xeu mysql.service
░░ The job identifier is 40379 and the job result is done.
чэр 28 22:31:19 riven systemd[1]: mysql.service: Consumed 1.865s CPU time.
░░
░░ The unit mysql.service completed and consumed the indicated resources.
чэр 28 22:31:20 riven systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.
░░ Subject: A start job for unit mysql.service has finished successfully
░░ Defined-By: systemd
░░ Support: http://www.ubuntu.com/support
░░
░░ A start job for unit mysql.service has finished successfully.
░░
░░ The job identifier is 40379.
如您所见，MySQL 运行良好，我可以在本地连接到数据库。
同时防火墙开放3306端口：
ufw 状态
Status: active
To Action From
-- ------ ----
7346 ALLOW Anywhere
20 DENY Anywhere
21 DENY Anywhere
40000:50000/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
63940/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
22 DENY Anywhere
62390/tcp ALLOW Anywhere
3306 ALLOW Anywhere
7346 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
20 (v6) DENY Anywhere (v6)
5438 (v6) DENY Anywhere (v6)
40000:50000/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
63940/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
21 (v6) DENY Anywhere (v6)
22 (v6) DENY Anywhere (v6)
62390/tcp (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
3306 (v6) ALLOW Anywhere (v6)
在 MikroTIK 路由器的防火墙中，该端口也处于打开状态，在站点上检查该端口时，系统检测到该端口已打开：
netstat -plant | grep 3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:33060 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:58800 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:55746 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33418 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:39848 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:46750 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:59064 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:51772 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:54564 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:52302 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35614 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:37432 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:60826 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33426 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:42130 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41456 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41460 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:36806 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35598 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:34444 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38860 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:36408 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35390 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:51960 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:43738 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41452 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:54074 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41412 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:34454 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:51952 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:40964 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:45992 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35824 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:40960 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41428 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:55762 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:50532 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:58294 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:34820 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:59480 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:57184 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:36818 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:43718 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:56458 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33416 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33284 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:43732 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38978 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:57180 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:55758 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:60552 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:54072 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:44856 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 368580/Code --stand
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33412 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:57182 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:42242 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35774 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35184 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38870 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:60834 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:60844 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38858 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:46758 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:40978 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:50702 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:35824 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 368580/Code --stand
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:55730 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:33112 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:36820 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38874 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:52296 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38420 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38770 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:40164 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:45996 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:36790 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:49712 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41442 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:44856 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38880 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:34834 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41430 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:60818 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:38984 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:50706 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:35630 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:41618 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:51780 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:3306 127.0.0.1:40974 ESTABLISHED 1352891/mysqld
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:46750 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:34444 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38870 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:55758 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38874 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:51960 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:33416 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:42130 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:57180 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:49712 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:57182 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:59064 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:33418 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38770 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:35614 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41430 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38858 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:35184 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:50702 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:34454 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:54564 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:50706 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:40964 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41456 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:50532 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:60834 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:39848 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:40960 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:52296 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:51772 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41460 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:36818 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:35598 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41428 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:34834 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:33112 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:46758 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:40974 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:40978 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41452 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:40164 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:51780 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:51952 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:35390 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:60818 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:55762 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:60552 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:45992 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:60826 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38880 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:36790 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38420 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:33284 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:33412 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:43738 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 883/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:36806 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:43732 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:56458 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:45996 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:43718 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:58294 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:54074 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:35630 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41412 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:59480 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41442 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:34820 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:42242 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:52302 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:36820 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:55730 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:35774 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:37432 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:58800 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:60844 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:57184 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:33426 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 829/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38978 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:36408 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38984 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 800/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:38860 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 825/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:54072 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 1997254/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:55746 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 847/java
tcp6 0 0 127.0.0.1:41618 127.0.0.1:3306 ESTABLISHED 819/java
但是，尝试使用 DataGrip 连接数据库时出现错误：
[08S01] 通信链路故障 最后一个成功发送到服务器的数据包是在 0 毫秒前。驱动程序尚未收到来自服务器的任何数据包。
日志中的更多详细信息：
想法日志
2023-06-26 22:34:52,336 [262405502] INFO - ution.rmi.RemoteProcessSupport - /Applications/DataGrip.app/Contents/jbr/Contents/Home/bin/java -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=127.0.0.1 -Duser.timezone=UTC -Xmx2048m -Xms128m -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "/Applications/DataGrip.app/Contents/lib/util.jar:/Applications/DataGrip.app/Contents/lib/groovy-2.5.14.jar:/Applications/DataGrip.app/Contents/plugins/DatabaseTools/lib/jdbc-console.jar:/Users/riven/Library/Application Support/JetBrains/DataGrip2021.2/jdbc-drivers/MySQL ConnectorJ/8.0.25/mysql-connector-java-8.0.25.jar" com.intellij.database.remote.RemoteJdbcServer com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
2023-06-26 22:34:52,538 [262405704] INFO - ution.rmi.RemoteProcessSupport - Port/ServicesPort/ID: 6001/52099/RemoteDriverImpla304eaa8
2023-06-26 22:34:52,538 [262405704] INFO - ution.rmi.RemoteProcessSupport -
2023-06-26 22:34:52,555 [262405721] INFO - atabaseCredentialsAuthProvider - Connecting as: ExBot
2023-06-26 22:34:52,555 [262405721] INFO - .DatabaseConnectionEstablisher - Connecting to: jdbc:mysql://91.149.xxx.xxx:3306/ExLandSite
2023-06-26 22:35:08,444 [262421610] WARN - .DatabaseConnectionEstablisher - Connecting to: jdbc:mysql://91.149.xxx.xxx:3306/ExLandSite
2023-06-26 22:35:08,444 [262421610] WARN - .DatabaseConnectionEstablisher - Connection reset
2023-06-26 22:35:08,445 [262421611] WARN - alects.mysql.MysqlErrorHandler - Connection reset
java.net.SocketException: Connection reset
at java.base/java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:186)
at java.base/java.net.SocketInputStream.read(SocketInputStream.java:140)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.ReadAheadInputStream.fill(ReadAheadInputStream.java:107)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.ReadAheadInputStream.readFromUnderlyingStreamIfNecessary(ReadAheadInputStream.java:150)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.ReadAheadInputStream.read(ReadAheadInputStream.java:180)
at java.base/java.io.FilterInputStream.read(FilterInputStream.java:133)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.FullReadInputStream.readFully(FullReadInputStream.java:64)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.SimplePacketReader.readHeader(SimplePacketReader.java:63)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.SimplePacketReader.readHeader(SimplePacketReader.java:45)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeProtocol.readMessage(NativeProtocol.java:540)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeProtocol.readServerCapabilities(NativeProtocol.java:498)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeProtocol.beforeHandshake(NativeProtocol.java:385)
at com.mysql.cj.protocol.a.NativeProtocol.connect(NativeProtocol.java:1351)
at com.mysql.cj.NativeSession.connect(NativeSession.java:157)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.connectOneTryOnly(ConnectionImpl.java:953)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.createNewIO(ConnectionImpl.java:823)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.<init>(ConnectionImpl.java:453)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.getInstance(ConnectionImpl.java:246)
at com.mysql.cj.jdbc.NonRegisteringDriver.connect(NonRegisteringDriver.java:198)
at com.intellij.database.remote.jdbc.helpers.JdbcHelperImpl.connect(JdbcHelperImpl.java:629)
at com.intellij.database.remote.jdbc.helpers.MysqlBaseJdbcHelper.connect(MysqlBaseJdbcHelper.java:179)
at com.intellij.database.remote.jdbc.impl.RemoteDriverImpl.connect(RemoteDriverImpl.java:54)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:359)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:562)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:796)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:677)
at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:676)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:829)
Suppressed: com.intellij.database.util.AsyncTask$Frame$FrameData: Async frame data: Test Connection -> Prepare connection -> Establish database connection -> Get database credentials -> Perform database connection
2023-06-26 22:35:08,445 [262421611] INFO - ution.rmi.RemoteProcessSupport - Terminating: 127.0.0.1:6001/RemoteDriverImpla304eaa8
2023-06-26 22:35:08,485 [262421651] INFO - ution.rmi.RemoteProcessSupport - Process finished with exit code 137 (interrupted by signal 9: SIGKILL)
我尝试通过 telnet 测试连接：
telnet 91.149.xxx.xxx 3306
Trying 91.149.xxx.xxx...
Connected to leased-line-91-149-xxx-xxx.telecom.by.
Escape character is '^]'.
Connection closed by foreign host.
检查 mysql 配置的有效性时，它输出以下内容：
mysqld --validate-config
2023-06-28T19:31:32.936163Z 0 [Note] [MY-013667] [Server] Error-log destination "stderr" is not a file. Can not restore error log messages from previous run.
2023-06-28T19:31:32.939545Z 0 [Note] [MY-010747] [Server] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
2023-06-28T19:31:32.939929Z 0 [Note] [MY-010733] [Server] Shutting down plugin 'MyISAM'
2023-06-28T19:31:32.939955Z 0 [Note] [MY-010733] [Server] Shutting down plugin 'CSV'
值得注意的是，当我通过 portchecker.co/checking 检查端口时 - 数据包到达路由器（我可以通过路由器界面看到这一点），当我尝试通过 DataGrip 或 telnet 连接时 - 数据包没有到达路由器。
我不明白为什么我无法连接到我的数据库，我尝试了互联网上的大量文章 - 都没有用。我尝试了其他所有方法。
答案1
我自己找到了一个解决方案。更改 mysql 配置中的端口对我有帮助。我只是将端口更改为另一个端口，在路由器中打开它，一切正常，我可以连接到数据库并可以管理它。