我有一个可以在 Eclipse 环境中构建和测试的 Web 应用程序。当我在 Eclipse 环境中运行该应用程序时，它运行得非常好。但是，当我将其部署到 Ubuntu 上的 Tomcat7 服务器时，它报告了错误。
我使用以下命令启动了我的 Tomcat：
sudo /etc/init.d/tomcat7 start
最初它在服务器启动时提示OK：
* Starting Tomcat servlet engine tomcat7 [ OK ]
但是当我在浏览器中输入地址： 时http://localhost:8080/RestWS，它没有响应，只是空白屏幕。然后它超时并崩溃了。
我查看了位于的日志文件/var/log/tomcat7，它显示以下错误消息：
INFO: Deploying web application archive /var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/RestWS.war
Mar 14, 2014 11:19:49 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployWARs
SEVERE: Error waiting for multi-thread deployment of WAR files to complete
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWARs(HostConfig.java:751)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:471)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1412)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:312)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setStateInternal(LifecycleBase.java:401)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setState(LifecycleBase.java:346)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1145)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Code.<init>(Code.java:76)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Attribute.readAttribute(Attribute.java:140)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.FieldOrMethod.<init>(FieldOrMethod.java:58)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Method.<init>(Method.java:72)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.readMethods(ClassParser.java:268)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.parse(ClassParser.java:128)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2032)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:1923)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1891)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1877)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1270)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:855)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:345)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5161)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:895)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:871)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:615)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployWAR(HostConfig.java:958)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployWar.run(HostConfig.java:1599)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
... 4 more
Mar 14, 2014 11:19:49 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory /var/lib/tomcat7/webapps/ROOT
Mar 14, 2014 11:20:03 AM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectories
SEVERE: Error waiting for multi-thread deployment of directories to completehostConfig.deployWar=Deploying web application archive {0}
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.report(FutureTask.java:122)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.get(FutureTask.java:188)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:1018)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:473)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1412)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:312)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setStateInternal(LifecycleBase.java:401)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.setState(LifecycleBase.java:346)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.startInternal(ContainerBase.java:1145)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.startInternal(StandardHost.java:782)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1566)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1556)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
Caused by: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
at java.io.DataInputStream.readUTF(DataInputStream.java:661)
at java.io.DataInputStream.readUTF(DataInputStream.java:564)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ConstantUtf8.<init>(ConstantUtf8.java:48)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Constant.readConstant(Constant.java:129)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ConstantPool.<init>(ConstantPool.java:60)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.readConstantPool(ClassParser.java:209)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.parse(ClassParser.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2032)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:1923)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1891)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1877)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1270)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:855)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:345)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:119)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5161)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:895)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:871)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:615)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:1095)
at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig$DeployDirectory.run(HostConfig.java:1617)
at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:471)
... 4 more
我在 Ubuntu 12.04 上使用 Tomcat 7 和 JDK 7。那么是什么导致了这个问题？为什么 Tomcat 没有响应？但是当我在 Eclipse 中启动它时，它运行正常。
答案1
看起来 JVM 内存不足，因此出现错误：
java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException: java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
检查您的 Tomcat 配置并确保 Tomcat 仅分配适合您的系统所需的内存。
您可以在这里找到有关修改堆大小和其他变量的更多信息：
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6398053/cant-change-tomcat-7-heap-size/10950387#10950387