更新：
我通过移除/删除“/var/cache/man”文件夹解决了这个问题。现在一切都正常了。（系统将自动重新创建“/var/cache/man”文件夹。
每次我安装或删除一个包时，终端窗口都会显示如下错误：
问题是什么？我该如何解决它？
我通过以下命令安装包：
sudo apt-get install packname
软件包已安装到操作系统上并正常运行，到目前为止，我启动已安装的软件包时尚未发现任何异常。但是，每次我安装新的软件包时，总是会出现上述错误。
这是最终的情况
sudo apt install vlc
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
libbasicusageenvironment1 libcddb2 libdc1394-22 libdca0 libdvbpsi10
libebml4v5 libfaad2 libgroupsock8 libiso9660-8 libkate1 liblivemedia58
libmad0 libmatroska6v5 libmpcdec6 libopenmpt-modplug1 libproxy-tools
libqt5x11extras5 libresid-builder0c2a libsdl-image1.2 libsdl1.2debian
libsidplay2 libsndio6.1 libssh2-1 libupnp6 libusageenvironment3 libvcdinfo0
libvlc-bin libvlc5 libvlccore8 vlc-bin vlc-data vlc-l10n vlc-plugin-base
vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-samba vlc-plugin-skins2
vlc-plugin-video-output vlc-plugin-video-splitter vlc-plugin-visualization
Suggested packages:
sndiod libdvdcss2
The following NEW packages will be installed:
libbasicusageenvironment1 libcddb2 libdc1394-22 libdca0 libdvbpsi10
libebml4v5 libfaad2 libgroupsock8 libiso9660-8 libkate1 liblivemedia58
libmad0 libmatroska6v5 libmpcdec6 libopenmpt-modplug1 libproxy-tools
libqt5x11extras5 libresid-builder0c2a libsdl-image1.2 libsdl1.2debian
libsidplay2 libsndio6.1 libssh2-1 libupnp6 libusageenvironment3 libvcdinfo0
libvlc-bin libvlc5 libvlccore8 vlc vlc-bin vlc-data vlc-l10n vlc-plugin-base
vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-samba vlc-plugin-skins2
vlc-plugin-video-output vlc-plugin-video-splitter vlc-plugin-visualization
0 upgraded, 41 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 17.6 MB of archives.
After this operation, 81.0 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Get:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libmad0 amd64 0.15.1b-8ubuntu1 [71.5 kB]
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libmpcdec6 amd64 2:0.1~r459-4.1build1 [32.0 kB]
Get:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libbasicusageenvironment1 amd64 2017.07.18-1 [15.8 kB]
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libcddb2 amd64 1.3.2-5fakesync1 [33.9 kB]
Get:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libdvbpsi10 amd64 1.3.1-2 [47.4 kB]
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libebml4v5 amd64 1.3.4-2 [45.2 kB]
Get:7 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libfaad2 amd64 2.8.1-2 [157 kB]
Get:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libgroupsock8 amd64 2017.07.18-1 [21.2 kB]
Get:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libiso9660-8 amd64 0.83-4.2ubuntu1 [18.4 kB]
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Get:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libmatroska6v5 amd64 1.4.7-2 [120 kB]
Get:13 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libopenmpt-modplug1 amd64 0.2.8760~beta27-1 [19.4 kB]
Get:14 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libproxy-tools amd64 0.4.14-3 [5,192 B]
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Get:17 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/main amd64 libsdl1.2debian amd64 1.2.15+dfsg2-0.1 [174 kB]
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Get:20 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libsndio6.1 amd64 1.1.0-3 [23.4 kB]
Get:21 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libssh2-1 amd64 1.8.0-1 [73.2 kB]
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Get:23 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libvcdinfo0 amd64 0.7.24+dfsg-0.2 [90.7 kB]
Get:24 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libvlccore8 amd64 2.2.6-6 [412 kB]
Get:25 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libvlc5 amd64 2.2.6-6 [70.5 kB]
Get:26 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libvlc-bin amd64 2.2.6-6 [27.1 kB]
Get:27 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-bin amd64 2.2.6-6 [63.2 kB]
Get:28 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libdc1394-22 amd64 2.2.5-1 [77.5 kB]
Get:29 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libdca0 amd64 0.0.5-10 [100.0 kB]
Get:30 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 libupnp6 amd64 1:1.6.22-1 [121 kB]
Get:31 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-data all 2.2.6-6 [340 kB]
Get:32 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-base amd64 2.2.6-6 [7,823 kB]
Get:33 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-qt amd64 2.2.6-6 [991 kB]
Get:34 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-video-output amd64 2.2.6-6 [54.0 kB]
Get:35 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-l10n all 2.2.6-6 [5,475 kB]
Get:36 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc amd64 2.2.6-6 [40.6 kB]
Get:37 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-notify amd64 2.2.6-6 [6,140 B]
Get:38 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-samba amd64 2.2.6-6 [5,772 B]
Get:39 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-skins2 amd64 2.2.6-6 [458 kB]
Get:40 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-video-splitter amd64 2.2.6-6 [18.7 kB]
Get:41 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu artful/universe amd64 vlc-plugin-visualization amd64 2.2.6-6 [27.4 kB]
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/usr/bin/mandb: can't chmod /var/cache/man/ja/CACHEDIR.TAG: Operation not permitted
/usr/bin/mandb: can't remove /var/cache/man/ja/CACHEDIR.TAG: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/ja/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: can't chmod /var/cache/man/pt/CACHEDIR.TAG: Operation not permitted
/usr/bin/mandb: can't remove /var/cache/man/pt/CACHEDIR.TAG: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/pt/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/eu/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: can't chmod /var/cache/man/tr/CACHEDIR.TAG: Operation not permitted
/usr/bin/mandb: can't remove /var/cache/man/tr/CACHEDIR.TAG: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/tr/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/el/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/sk/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/ca/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/lt/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: can't chmod /var/cache/man/fi/CACHEDIR.TAG: Operation not permitted
/usr/bin/mandb: can't remove /var/cache/man/fi/CACHEDIR.TAG: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/fi/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/vi/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: can't chmod /var/cache/man/cs/CACHEDIR.TAG: Operation not permitted
/usr/bin/mandb: can't remove /var/cache/man/cs/CACHEDIR.TAG: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/cs/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: can't chmod /var/cache/man/fr/CACHEDIR.TAG: Operation not permitted
/usr/bin/mandb: can't remove /var/cache/man/fr/CACHEDIR.TAG: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/fr/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/nb/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/et/4065: Permission denied
/usr/bin/mandb: fopen /var/cache/man/uk/4065: Permission denied
Setting up vlc-plugin-visualization:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.13.3-6ubuntu5) ...
Setting up libsdl-image1.2:amd64 (1.2.12-6) ...
Setting up libmad0:amd64 (0.15.1b-8ubuntu1) ...
Setting up vlc-plugin-notify:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
Setting up libresid-builder0c2a (2.1.1-15ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libsidplay2 (2.1.1-15ubuntu1) ...
Setting up libdca0:amd64 (0.0.5-10) ...
Setting up libsndio6.1:amd64 (1.1.0-3) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-1) ...
Setting up libopenmpt-modplug1:amd64 (0.2.8760~beta27-1) ...
Setting up libvcdinfo0 (0.7.24+dfsg-0.2) ...
Setting up libmatroska6v5:amd64 (1.4.7-2) ...
Setting up libvlc5:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
Setting up vlc-plugin-samba:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
Setting up libvlc-bin:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
Setting up vlc-plugin-base:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
Setting up vlc-bin (2.2.6-6) ...
Setting up vlc (2.2.6-6) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.26-0ubuntu2.1) ...
Processing triggers for libvlc-bin:amd64 (2.2.6-6) ...
@dedunumax：这是 ls -lha /var/cache/man/ 的输出
ls -lha /var/cache/man/
total 1.1M
drwxr-xr-x 53 man man 4.0K Mar 23 10:48 .
drwxr-xr-x 17 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 ar
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 bg
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 ca
-rw-r--r-- 1 man man 190 Mar 19 13:28 CACHEDIR.TAG
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat1
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat2
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat3
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat4
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat5
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat6
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat7
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Oct 19 01:37 cat8
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 cs
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 da
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 de
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 el
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 es
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 et
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 eu
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 fa
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 fi
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 fr
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 fr.ISO8859-1
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 fr.UTF-8
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 gl
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 he
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 hr
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 hu
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 id
-rw-r--r-- 1 man man 857K Mar 23 10:48 index.db
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 is
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 it
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 ja
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 ko
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 lt
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 lv
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 ms
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 nb
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 nl
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 pl
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 pt
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 pt_BR
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 ro
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 ru
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 sk
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 sl
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 sr
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 sv
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 tr
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 uk
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4.0K Mar 17 22:07 vi
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 zh_CN
drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4.0K Mar 18 21:09 zh_TW
@muru：这是 namei -lx /var/cache/man/da/CACHEDIR.TAG 的输出
namei -lx /var/cache/man/da/CACHEDIR.TAG
f: /var/cache/man/da/CACHEDIR.TAG
Drwxr-xr-x root root /
Drwxr-xr-x root root var
drwxr-xr-x root root cache
drwxr-xr-x man man man
drwxr-xr-x root root da
-rw-r--r-- root root CACHEDIR.TAG
这是 df /var/cache/man/da/ 的输出
df /var/cache/man/da/
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdb1 59340932 9911984 46384804 18% /var
答案1
您需要将目录的所有者设置/var/cache/man/为 usr man。这是命令：
chown -R man: /var/cache/man/
为了安全起见，为所有目录设置权限 755 (所有者 RWX、组 RX、其他 RX)：
chmod -R 755 /var/cache/man/