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无法使用 apt 安装或卸载

tag-icon • tag-icon apt package-management python dpkg dependencies
无法使用 apt 安装或卸载

系统信息：Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS（GNU/Linux 4.15.0-88-generic x86_64）

当我尝试使用 apt 安装或卸载时出现错误：

trever@server:~$ sudo apt-get install ctorrent
[sudo] password for trever: 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
 python-pkg-resources : Depends: python:any (< 2.8)
                        Depends: python:any (>= 2.7.5-5~)
 python-virtualenv : Depends: python but it is not going to be installed
                     Recommends: virtualenv but it is not going to be installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

当我尝试运行它建议的命令时，我收到另一个错误，并且我只是在依赖项中循环往复：

trever@server:~$ sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
  python
Suggested packages:
  python-doc python-tk
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  python
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 27 not upgraded.
7 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/140 kB of archives.
After this operation, 639 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Setting up python2.7-minimal (2.7.17-1~18.04) ...
Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
/usr/bin/python2.7: can't open file '/usr/lib/python2.7/py_compile.py': [Errno 2] No such file or directory
dpkg: error processing package python2.7-minimal (--configure):
 installed python2.7-minimal package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of python-minimal:
 python-minimal depends on python2.7-minimal (>= 2.7.15~rc1-1~); however:
  Package python2.7-minimal is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package python-minimal (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 python2.7-minimal
 python-minimal
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我该如何修复？我的 Python 中有些东西严重损坏，现在也影响了系统的其他部分。

编辑：

trever@server:/usr/lib$ sudo dpkg --configure -a
Setting up python3.8 (3.8.2-1+bionic1) ...
Could not find platform independent libraries <prefix>
Consider setting $PYTHONHOME to <prefix>[:<exec_prefix>]
Python path configuration:
  PYTHONHOME = (not set)
  PYTHONPATH = (not set)
  program name = '/usr/bin/python3.8'
  isolated = 0
  environment = 0
  user site = 1
  import site = 0
  sys._base_executable = '/usr/bin/python3.8'
  sys.base_prefix = '/usr'
  sys.base_exec_prefix = '/usr'
  sys.executable = '/usr/bin/python3.8'
  sys.prefix = '/usr'
  sys.exec_prefix = '/usr'
  sys.path = [
    '/usr/lib/python38.zip',
    '/usr/lib/python3.8',
    '/usr/lib/python3.8/lib-dynload',
  ]
Fatal Python error: init_fs_encoding: failed to get the Python codec of the filesystem encoding
Python runtime state: core initialized
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'encodings'

Current thread 0x00007f498c8b3740 (most recent call first):
<no Python frame>
dpkg: error processing package python3.8 (--configure):
 installed python3.8 package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Setting up python3-virtualenv (15.1.0+ds-1.1) ...
[Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/virtualenv.py'
dpkg: error processing package python3-virtualenv (--configure):
 installed python3-virtualenv package post-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 python3.8
 python3-virtualenv

答案1

如果您尚未使用 升级您的系统sudo apt-get upgrade，请这样做。然后，我建议您尝试安装您的文件。此外，如果sudo apt-get upgrade不行，请使用sudo dpkg --configure -a并重试。确保在配置 dpkg 后执行升级命令。然后您应该能够安装文件。如果这些都不起作用，请尝试此网站上的一些操作：https://www.iasptk.com/ubuntu-fix-broken-package-best-solution

它有可能的解决方案。

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