我正在尝试修复我的电脑。启动修复对我没有帮助。
fdisk -l
没有显示我的 SSD，只有 Windows SSD；但我可以通过实时 USB 访问它。Kubuntu SSD 上的 Grub 文件夹不知为何是空的。
请帮我修复我的抓取器。以下是 boot-reapir 的转储：https://paste.ubuntu.com/p/7ZdFFG8XbC/
============================== Boot Info Summary ===============================
=> No boot loader is installed in the MBR of /dev/nvme0n1.
=> Grub2 (v2.00) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at sector 1 of
the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and looks
for (hd0,msdos1)/boot/grub. It also embeds following components:
modules
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
biosdisk fshelp fat exfat ext2 ntfs ntfscomp part_msdos
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
nvme0n1p1: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /efi/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi /efi/Boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/Boot/fbx64.efi /efi/Boot/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/grubx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
/efi/ubuntu/shimx64.efi /efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
/efi/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
nvme0n1p2: _____________________________________________________________________
File system:
Boot sector type: -
Boot sector info:
nvme0n1p3: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System: Windows 7
Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
nvme0n1p4: _____________________________________________________________________
File system: ntfs
Boot sector type: Windows 8/10/11/2012: NTFS
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files:
sda1: __________________________________________________________________________
File system: vfat
Boot sector type: MSWIN4.1: FAT32
Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
Operating System:
Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /efi/boot/bootx64.efi
/efi/boot/grubx64.efi /efi/boot/mmx64.efi
================================ 1 OS detected =================================
OS#1: Windows 7 on nvme0n1p3
================================ Host/Hardware =================================
CPU architecture: 64-bit
Video: Lucienne from Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]
Live-session OS is Ubuntu 64-bit (Ubuntu 22.04.1 LTS, jammy, x86_64)
===================================== UEFI =====================================
BIOS/UEFI firmware: H6CN08WW(V1.01)(1.8) from LENOVO
The firmware is EFI-compatible, and is set in EFI-mode for this live-session.
SecureBoot disabled (confirmed by mokutil).
BootCurrent: 0001
Timeout: 0 seconds
BootOrder: 0000,2001,2002,2003,0004,0001
Boot0000* ubuntu HD(1,GPT,2c4c1aa0-9548-4d7b-be83-adb3c94a72ff,0x800,0x82000)/File(\EFI\ubuntu\shimx64.efi)
Boot0001* Linpus lite HD(1,MBR,0x12576f,0x800,0x729b800)/File(\EFI\Boot\grubx64.efi)RC
Boot0004* Windows Boot Manager HD(1,GPT,2c4c1aa0-9548-4d7b-be83-adb3c94a72ff,0x800,0x82000)/File(\EFI\Microsoft\Boot\bootmgfw.efi)WINDOWS.........x...B.C.D.O.B.J.E.C.T.=.{.9.d.e.a.8.6.2.c.-.5.c.d.d.-.4.e.7.0.-.a.c.c.1.-.f.3.2.b.3.4.4.d.4.7.9.5.}....................
Boot2001* EFI USB Device RC
Boot2002* EFI DVD/CDROM RC
Boot2003* EFI Network RC
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 nvme0n1p1/Boot/bkpbootx64.efi
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 nvme0n1p1/Boot/bootx64.efi
c152ec201c37b6e97bbc2207e49d1271 nvme0n1p1/Boot/fbx64.efi
fdafb5eece6caeccb788c946a28e6872 nvme0n1p1/Boot/mmx64.efi
3795ef72a4ed0369ca44e711527904bf nvme0n1p1/ubuntu/grubx64.efi
fdafb5eece6caeccb788c946a28e6872 nvme0n1p1/ubuntu/mmx64.efi
728124f6ec8e22fbdbe7034812c81b95 nvme0n1p1/ubuntu/shimx64.efi
8059dea463802af4a57ae85af262520f nvme0n1p1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgfw.efi
13e60e65f1d1f8c642a61ed9be8e65bb nvme0n1p1/Microsoft/Boot/bootmgr.efi
============================= Drive/Partition Info =============================
Disks info: ____________________________________________________________________
nvme0n1 : is-GPT, no-BIOSboot, has---ESP, not-usb, not-mmc, has-os, has-win, 2048 sectors * 512 bytes
Partitions info (1/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p1 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, not-far
nvme0n1p3 : is-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
nvme0n1p4 : no-os, 64, nopakmgr, no-docgrub, nogrub, nogrubinstall, no-grubenv, noupdategrub, farbios
Partitions info (2/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p1 : is---ESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p3 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, haswinload, no-recov-nor-hid, no-bmgr, notwinboot
nvme0n1p4 : isnotESP, part-has-no-fstab, no-nt, no-winload, recovery-or-hidden, no-bmgr, notwinboot
Partitions info (3/3): _________________________________________________________
nvme0n1p1 : not--sepboot, no-kernel, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p3 : not--sepboot, no-kernel, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
nvme0n1p4 : not--sepboot, no---boot, part-has-no-fstab, not-sep-usr, no---usr, part-has-no-fstab, no--grub.d, nvme0n1
fdisk -l (filtered): ___________________________________________________________
Disk nvme0n1: 476.94 GiB, 512110190592 bytes, 1000215216 sectors
Disk identifier: D39B5350-4EA6-493F-AE0B-63F37A2BAA42
Start End Sectors Size Type
nvme0n1p1 2048 534527 532480 260M EFI System
nvme0n1p2 534528 567295 32768 16M Microsoft reserved
nvme0n1p3 567296 998166527 997599232 475.7G Microsoft basic data
nvme0n1p4 998166528 1000214527 2048000 1000M Windows recovery environment
Disk sda: 57.3 GiB, 61530439680 bytes, 120176640 sectors
Disk identifier: 0x0012576f
Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type
sda1 * 2048 120176639 120174592 57.3G c W95 FAT32 (LBA)
parted -lm (filtered): _________________________________________________________
sda:61.5GB:scsi:512:512:msdos:SanDisk Ultra:;
1:1049kB:61.5GB:61.5GB:fat32::boot, lba;
nvme0n1:512GB:nvme:512:512:gpt:WDC PC SN530 SDBPMPZ-512G-1101:;
1:1049kB:274MB:273MB:fat32:EFI system partition:boot, esp;
2:274MB:290MB:16.8MB::Microsoft reserved partition:msftres;
3:290MB:511GB:511GB:ntfs:Basic data partition:msftdata;
4:511GB:512GB:1049MB:ntfs::hidden, diag;
blkid (filtered): ______________________________________________________________
NAME FSTYPE UUID PARTUUID LABEL PARTLABEL
sda
└─sda1 vfat 19FC-2E4D 0012576f-01 KUBUNTU 22_
nvme0n1
├─nvme0n1p1 vfat E4F8-2FCA 2c4c1aa0-9548-4d7b-be83-adb3c94a72ff SYSTEM_DRV EFI system partition
├─nvme0n1p2 a560499c-3ea7-4caf-9e95-ba4f9dc3a86e Microsoft reserved partition
├─nvme0n1p3 ntfs 30A8F95FA8F923CE 542ad10c-327d-4c1c-9a1a-8e48154df069 Windows-SSD Basic data partition
└─nvme0n1p4 ntfs DC88FA3588FA0E30 e60780ff-9d53-414a-849a-694589567da5 WINRE_DRV Basic data partition
Mount points (filtered): _______________________________________________________
Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/nvme0n1p1 219.1M 14% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p1
/dev/nvme0n1p3 39.5G 92% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p3
/dev/nvme0n1p4 497.3M 50% /mnt/boot-sav/nvme0n1p4
/dev/sda1 33.1G 42% /cdrom
Mount options (filtered): ______________________________________________________
=================== nvme0n1p1/efi/ubuntu/grub.cfg (filtered) ===================
search.fs_uuid 9b14d5b4-2b05-4163-ac02-b297457779b4 root hd0,gpt2
set prefix=($root)'/boot/grub'
configfile $prefix/grub.cfg
====================== sda1/boot/grub/grub.cfg (filtered) ======================
Try or Install Kubuntu
Kubuntu (safe graphics)
OEM install (for manufacturers)
Boot from next volume
UEFI Firmware Settings
Test memory
==================== sda1: Location of files loaded by Grub ====================
GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
?? = ?? boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
======================== Unknown MBRs/Boot Sectors/etc =========================
/dev/nvme0n1p1: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000000
/dev/nvme0n1p2: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000000
/dev/nvme0n1p4: unknown GPT attributes
8000000000000001
Suggested repair: ______________________________________________________________
The default repair of the Boot-Repair utility would not act on the MBR.
Additional repair would be performed: win-legacy-basic-fix
答案1
重要提示：您必须拥有与重新安装 grub 时所用系统相同的 Live USB 发行版本（20.04--20.04；22.04--22.04）。它们不能反过来工作，您可能无法获得所需的结果。
好的，我终于重新安装了 grub。我这样做的方式是：确保您是管理员：
sudo -i
首先通过以下方式找到您的 sdX：。
fdisk -l如果它看起来像这样，那就开始吧：
Device Start End Sectors Size Type
/dev/sda1 2048 1230847 1228800 600M EFI System
/dev/sda2 1230848 7522303 6291456 3G Linux swap
/dev/sda3 7522304 1953523711 1946001408 927.9G Linux filesystem
让我们安装我们的SSD：
mount /dev/sda2 /mnt
如您所见，我的 EFI 系统位于主 Linux 文件系统中，因此如果您尝试执行以下操作：
grud-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot/ /dev/sda
将导致 boot 被安装但是 efi 会出现这个错误NO EFI found.
要将此 efi 挂载到以下boot位置：
mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/boot/efi
现在我们可以这样做：
grub-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot --efi-directory=/mnt/boot/efi /dev/sda
完成此操作后，你的 SSD 上应该重新安装了 grub，你可以尝试从它启动。