昨晚我关闭了系统，音频工作正常，但启动时却出现了假输出问题。尝试了网上提供的各种解决方案后，似乎都不起作用。
之前的“虚拟输出”现在显示“HDMI/显示端口”，但仍然没有声音，没有麦克风。
$ sudo lspci -v
0000:00:00.0 Host bridge: Intel Corporation Device 9a04 (rev 01)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 881d
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
0000:00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Device 9a78 (rev 01) (prog-if 00 [VGA controller])
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 881d
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 159
Memory at 6002000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16M]
Memory at 4000000000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=256M]
I/O ports at 5000 [size=64]
Expansion ROM at 000c0000 [virtual] [disabled] [size=128K]
Capabilities: [40] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>
Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [ac] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable+ 64bit-
Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [100] Process Address Space ID (PASID)
Capabilities: [200] Address Translation Service (ATS)
Capabilities: [300] Page Request Interface (PRI)
Capabilities: [320] Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV)
Kernel driver in use: i915
Kernel modules: i915
0000:00:04.0 Signal processing controller: Intel Corporation TigerLake-LP Dynamic Tuning Processor Participant (rev 01)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company TigerLake-LP Dynamic Tuning Processor Participant
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Memory at 6003200000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=128K]
Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [d0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [e0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=0c <?>
Kernel driver in use: proc_thermal
Kernel modules: processor_thermal_device_pci_legacy
0000:00:08.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation GNA Scoring Accelerator module (rev 01)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company GNA Scoring Accelerator module
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 255
Memory at 600322f000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [a0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Capabilities: [dc] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [f0] PCI Advanced Features
0000:00:0e.0 RAID bus controller: Intel Corporation Volume Management Device NVMe RAID Controller
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Volume Management Device NVMe RAID Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Memory at 6000000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M]
Memory at 50000000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M]
Memory at 6003100000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M]
Capabilities: [80] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=19 Masked-
Capabilities: [90] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [e0] Power Management version 3
Kernel driver in use: vmd
Kernel modules: vmd
0000:00:14.0 USB controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP USB 3.2 Gen 2x1 xHCI Host Controller (rev 20) (prog-if 30 [XHCI])
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP USB 3.2 Gen 2x1 xHCI Host Controller
Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 144
Memory at 52200000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 2
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [90] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Capabilities: [b0] Vendor Specific Information: Len=00 <?>
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
Kernel modules: xhci_pci
0000:00:14.2 RAM memory: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Shared SRAM (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Shared SRAM
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Memory at 6003224000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Memory at 600322e000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
0000:00:15.0 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #0 (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 27
Memory at 4017000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [virtual] [size=4K]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [90] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
0000:00:15.1 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller #1 (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO I2C Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 40
Memory at 4017001000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [virtual] [size=4K]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [90] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
0000:00:16.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Management Engine Interface (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Management Engine Interface
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 157
Memory at 600322b000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [8c] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [a4] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
0000:00:17.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Device 09ab
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 881d
Flags: fast devsel
0000:00:1d.0 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP PCI Express Root Port #9 (rev 20) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 122
Bus: primary=00, secondary=01, subordinate=01, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00004000-00004fff [size=4K]
Memory behind bridge: 52100000-521fffff [size=1M]
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled]
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP PCI Express Root Port
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [220] Access Control Services
Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates
Capabilities: [a30] Secondary PCI Express
Capabilities: [a00] Downstream Port Containment
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
0000:00:1d.1 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a0b1 (rev 20) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 123
Bus: primary=00, secondary=02, subordinate=02, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: 00003000-00003fff [size=4K]
Memory behind bridge: 52000000-520fffff [size=1M]
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled]
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 881d
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [220] Access Control Services
Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates
Capabilities: [a30] Secondary PCI Express
Capabilities: [a00] Downstream Port Containment
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
0000:00:1e.0 Communication controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO UART Controller #0 (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO UART Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
Memory at 4017002000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [virtual] [size=4K]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [90] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
0000:00:1e.3 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO SPI Controller #1 (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Serial IO SPI Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 37
Memory at 4017003000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [virtual] [size=4K]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [90] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Kernel driver in use: intel-lpss
Kernel modules: intel_lpss_pci
0000:00:1f.0 ISA bridge: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP LPC Controller (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP LPC Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
0000:00:1f.3 Multimedia audio controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP Smart Sound Technology Audio Controller (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP Smart Sound Technology Audio Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 32, IRQ 16
Memory at 6003220000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Memory at 6003000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=1M]
Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [80] Vendor Specific Information: Len=14 <?>
Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel, snd_sof_pci_intel_tgl
0000:00:1f.4 SMBus: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP SMBus Controller (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP SMBus Controller
Flags: medium devsel, IRQ 16
Memory at 6003228000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
I/O ports at efa0 [size=32]
Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
0000:00:1f.5 Serial bus controller: Intel Corporation Tiger Lake-LP SPI Controller (rev 20)
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Tiger Lake-LP SPI Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0
Memory at 4f800000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Kernel driver in use: intel-spi
Kernel modules: spi_intel_pci
0000:01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller (rev 15)
DeviceName: Hanksville Gbe Lan Connection
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
I/O ports at 4000 [size=256]
Memory at 52104000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=4K]
Memory at 52100000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 01
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=4 Masked-
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [140] Virtual Channel
Capabilities: [160] Device Serial Number 01-00-00-00-68-4c-e0-00
Capabilities: [170] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [178] L1 PM Substates
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
0000:02:00.0 Network controller: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8822CE 802.11ac PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
DeviceName: WLAN
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company RTL8822CE 802.11ac PCIe Wireless Network Adapter
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 158
I/O ports at 3000 [size=256]
Memory at 52000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=64K]
Capabilities: [40] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [50] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [70] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [148] Device Serial Number 00-e0-4c-ff-fe-c8-22-01
Capabilities: [158] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [160] L1 PM Substates
Kernel driver in use: rtw_8822ce
Kernel modules: rtw88_8822ce
10000:e0:17.0 SATA controller: Intel Corporation Device a0d3 (rev 20) (prog-if 01 [AHCI 1.0])
Flags: bus master, 66MHz, medium devsel, latency 0, IRQ 145
Memory at 50100000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=8K]
Memory at 50102800 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
I/O ports at <unassigned> [disabled]
I/O ports at <unassigned> [disabled]
I/O ports at <unassigned> [disabled]
Memory at 50102000 (32-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=2K]
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [70] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [a8] SATA HBA v1.0
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
10000:e0:1c.0 System peripheral: Intel Corporation Device 09ab
Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company Device 881d
Flags: fast devsel
10000:e0:1c.4 PCI bridge: Intel Corporation Device a0bc (rev 20) (prog-if 00 [Normal decode])
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 143
Bus: primary=00, secondary=e1, subordinate=e1, sec-latency=0
I/O behind bridge: [disabled]
Memory behind bridge: 50000000-500fffff [size=1M]
Prefetchable memory behind bridge: [disabled]
Capabilities: [40] Express Root Port (Slot+), MSI 00
Capabilities: [80] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit-
Capabilities: [90] Subsystem: Device 0000:0000
Capabilities: [a0] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [220] Access Control Services
Capabilities: [200] L1 PM Substates
Capabilities: [a30] Secondary PCI Express
Capabilities: [a00] Downstream Port Containment
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
10000:e1:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller: Sandisk Corp WD Black SN750 / PC SN730 NVMe SSD (prog-if 02 [NVM Express])
Subsystem: Sandisk Corp WD Black SN750 / PC SN730 NVMe SSD
Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, NUMA node 0
Memory at 50000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
Memory at 50004000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=256]
Capabilities: [80] Power Management version 3
Capabilities: [90] MSI: Enable- Count=1/32 Maskable- 64bit+
Capabilities: [b0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=65 Masked-
Capabilities: [c0] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
Capabilities: [150] Device Serial Number 00-00-00-00-00-00-00-00
Capabilities: [1b8] Latency Tolerance Reporting
Capabilities: [300] Secondary PCI Express
Capabilities: [900] L1 PM Substates
Kernel driver in use: nvme
Kernel modules: nvme
更远，
$ inxi -A
Audio:
Device-1: Intel Tiger Lake-LP Smart Sound Audio driver: snd_hda_intel
Sound Server-1: ALSA v: k5.19.0-35-generic running: yes
Sound Server-2: PulseAudio v: 15.99.1 running: yes
Sound Server-3: PipeWire v: 0.3.48 running: yes
$ aplay -l
**** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices ****
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: Generic Analog [Generic Analog]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: Generic Digital [Generic Digital]
Subdevices: 1/1
Subdevice #0: subdevice #0
请帮忙。我是 Linux 新手，卡在这几个小时了。如果需要进一步的详细信息，请告诉我。
答案1
通过清理笔记本电脑并重新安装 Ubuntu 解决了该问题。现在运行良好。