我有一个具有以下格式的文件
1 1 1 0.02484183 57.2400000 24.6000000
2 1 2 -0.16091000 56.5200000 24.5600000
3 1 1 0.02484183 55.5700000 24.4900000
4 1 1 0.02484183 56.4400000 25.5100000
5 1 2 0.08638400 56.8900000 23.3300000
6 1 1 0.01376475 57.8900000 23.5200000
7 1 1 0.01376475 57.0600000 22.5200000
8 1 2 0.17612200 55.8800000 22.9700000
9 1 1 0.02042900 56.1600000 22.0400000
10 1 2 -0.34768900 55.9300000 24.0700000
11 1 1 0.07439383 55.5100000 25.0200000
12 1 1 0.07439383 55.4600000 23.7100000
13 1 1 0.07439383 57.0000000 24.2400000
14 1 2 0.02151800 54.4400000 22.8700000
15 1 1 0.08793975 54.5000000 22.4000000
我想生成一个具有以下格式的文件
1 1 1 0.02484183 57.2400000 24.6000000
2 1 2 -0.16091000 56.5200000 24.5600000
3 1 1 0.02484183 55.5700000 24.4900000
4 1 1 0.02484183 56.4400000 25.5100000
5 1 2 0.08638400 56.8900000 23.3300000
6 1 1 0.01376475 57.8900000 23.5200000
7 1 1 0.01376475 57.0600000 22.5200000
8 1 2 0.17612200 55.8800000 22.9700000
9 1 1 0.02042900 56.1600000 22.0400000
10 1 2 -0.34768900 55.9300000 24.0700000
11 1 1 0.07439383 55.5100000 25.0200000
12 1 1 0.07439383 55.4600000 23.7100000
13 1 1 0.07439383 57.0000000 24.2400000
14 1 2 0.02151800 54.4400000 22.8700000
15 1 1 0.08793975 54.5000000 22.4000000
答案1
awk 使用 printf+%f
尝试这个。通过使用修改了宽度的 printf（例如%2d，根据需要填充该字段）。同样，% 2.8f这里格式化一个浮点数。
$ awk '{printf "%2d%7d%7d % 2.8f % 2.7f % 2.7f\n",$1,$2,$3,$4,$5,$6}' file
1 1 1 0.02484183 57.2400000 24.6000000
2 1 2 -0.16091000 56.5200000 24.5600000
3 1 1 0.02484183 55.5700000 24.4900000
4 1 1 0.02484183 56.4400000 25.5100000
5 1 2 0.08638400 56.8900000 23.3300000
6 1 1 0.01376475 57.8900000 23.5200000
7 1 1 0.01376475 57.0600000 22.5200000
8 1 2 0.17612200 55.8800000 22.9700000
9 1 1 0.02042900 56.1600000 22.0400000
10 1 2 -0.34768900 55.9300000 24.0700000
11 1 1 0.07439383 55.5100000 25.0200000
12 1 1 0.07439383 55.4600000 23.7100000
13 1 1 0.07439383 57.0000000 24.2400000
14 1 2 0.02151800 54.4400000 22.8700000
15 1 1 0.08793975 54.5000000 22.4000000
$
awk 使用 printf+tabs
还建议使用制表符 (\t) 方法使代码更加清晰，但它并不能完全按照您的要求实现对齐。
$ awk '{print $1"\t"$2"\t"$3"\t"$4"\t"$5"\t"$6}' file
1 1 1 0.02484183 57.2400000 24.6000000
2 1 2 -0.16091000 56.5200000 24.5600000
3 1 1 0.02484183 55.5700000 24.4900000
4 1 1 0.02484183 56.4400000 25.5100000
5 1 2 0.08638400 56.8900000 23.3300000
6 1 1 0.01376475 57.8900000 23.5200000
7 1 1 0.01376475 57.0600000 22.5200000
8 1 2 0.17612200 55.8800000 22.9700000
9 1 1 0.02042900 56.1600000 22.0400000
10 1 2 -0.34768900 55.9300000 24.0700000
无代码版本，专栏
同样，不完全是您要求的输出，但使用column.
$ column -t file
1 1 1 0.02484183 57.2400000 24.6000000
2 1 2 -0.16091000 56.5200000 24.5600000
3 1 1 0.02484183 55.5700000 24.4900000
4 1 1 0.02484183 56.4400000 25.5100000
5 1 2 0.08638400 56.8900000 23.3300000
6 1 1 0.01376475 57.8900000 23.5200000
7 1 1 0.01376475 57.0600000 22.5200000
8 1 2 0.17612200 55.8800000 22.9700000
9 1 1 0.02042900 56.1600000 22.0400000
10 1 2 -0.34768900 55.9300000 24.0700000
11 1 1 0.07439383 55.5100000 25.0200000
12 1 1 0.07439383 55.4600000 23.7100000
13 1 1 0.07439383 57.0000000 24.2400000
14 1 2 0.02151800 54.4400000 22.8700000
15 1 1 0.08793975 54.5000000 22.4000000
$
答案2
使用 读取文件awk并使用 输出值printf。
awk '{ printf ("%2d\t%s\t%s\t%11s\t%s\t%s\n", $1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6); }' file
根据需要调整 printf 格式字符串。