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如何使用ld-linux.so运行程序？

tag-icon • tag-icon linux libraries dynamic-linking ld dynamic-loading
如何使用ld-linux.so运行程序？

动态链接器可以运行通过运行某些动态链接程序或共享对象来间接进行（在这种情况下，不能向动态链接器传递任何命令行选项，并且在 ELF 情况下，将执行存储在程序的 .interp 部分中的动态链接器） 或者直接运行：

/lib/ld-linux.so.* [选项] [程序 [参数]]

https://jlk.fjfi.cvut.cz/arch/manpages/man/core/man-pages/ld.so.8.en

类似的信息可以在程序库指南。

但当我尝试时，

$ LD_DEBUG=libs /usr/lib/ld-linux.so.2 ls
     23325: find library=ls [0]; searching
     23325:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
     23325: 
ls: error while loading shared libraries: ls: cannot open shared object file

$ LD_DEBUG=libs ls
     23503: find library=libcap.so.2 [0]; searching
     23503:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
     23503:   trying file=/usr/lib/libcap.so.2
...

我究竟做错了什么？有没有办法ld-linux.so直接使用来运行程序？

答案1

尝试使用完整路径ls：

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /usr/bin/ls
afile

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ls
ls: error while loading shared libraries: ls: cannot open shared object file

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 anyinexistentcommandhere
anyinexistentcommandhere: error while loading shared libraries: anyinexistentcommandhere: cannot open shared object file

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ ldd ls
ldd: ./ls: No such file or directory

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ ldd `type -P ls`
    linux-vdso.so.1 (0x00007fffd636c000)
    libselinux.so.1 => /lib64/libselinux.so.1 (0x000074b858cc3000)
    libcap.so.2 => /lib64/libcap.so.2 (0x000074b858abe000)
    libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x000074b8586f8000)
    libpcre.so.1 => /lib64/libpcre.so.1 (0x000074b858486000)
    libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x000074b858282000)
    /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x000074b85910a000)
    libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x000074b858064000)

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ LD_DEBUG=libs /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 ls
      6380: find library=ls [0]; searching
      6380:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6380: 
ls: error while loading shared libraries: ls: cannot open shared object file

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ LD_DEBUG=libs /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 inexistentcommand
      6415: find library=inexistentcommand [0]; searching
      6415:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6415: 
inexistentcommand: error while loading shared libraries: inexistentcommand: cannot open shared object file

[ctor@dom0 tst]$ LD_DEBUG=libs /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /usr/bin/ls
      6342: find library=libselinux.so.1 [0]; searching
      6342:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6342:   trying file=/lib64/libselinux.so.1
      6342: 
      6342: find library=libcap.so.2 [0]; searching
      6342:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6342:   trying file=/lib64/libcap.so.2
      6342: 
      6342: find library=libc.so.6 [0]; searching
      6342:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6342:   trying file=/lib64/libc.so.6
      6342: 
      6342: find library=libpcre.so.1 [0]; searching
      6342:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6342:   trying file=/lib64/libpcre.so.1
      6342: 
      6342: find library=libdl.so.2 [0]; searching
      6342:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6342:   trying file=/lib64/libdl.so.2
      6342: 
      6342: find library=libpthread.so.0 [0]; searching
      6342:  search cache=/etc/ld.so.cache
      6342:   trying file=/lib64/libpthread.so.0
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: calling init: /lib64/libpthread.so.0
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: calling init: /lib64/libc.so.6
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: calling init: /lib64/libdl.so.2
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: calling init: /lib64/libpcre.so.1
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: calling init: /lib64/libcap.so.2
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: calling init: /lib64/libselinux.so.1
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: initialize program: /usr/bin/ls
      6342: 
      6342: 
      6342: transferring control: /usr/bin/ls
      6342: 
afile

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