3.5GB是多少这个系统的内存使用量,不是“[heap]”(666M)吗?

3.5GB是多少这个系统的内存使用量,不是“[heap]”(666M)吗?
$ sudo smem -t -m > m; head -n5 m; echo; tail m

Map                                       PIDs   AVGPSS      PSS 
/dev/dri/card0                               2        0        0 
/dev/shm/org.chromium.0P27rF                 1        0        0 
/dev/shm/org.chromium.1LwGBc                 1        0        0 
/dev/shm/org.chromium.23Bqe3                 1        0        0 

/dev/shm/org.mozilla.ipc.23887.6343          2     6772    13544 
/dev/shm/org.mozilla.ipc.23935.491           2     6772    13544 
/memfd:gdk-wayland                           6     2890    17344 
/SYSV00000000                                6     3759    22556 
/usr/lib64/firefox/libxul.so                14     8711   121956 
/i915                                        4    38494   153976 
[heap]                                     208     3201   665971 
<anonymous>                                222    15859  3520738 
-----------------------------------------------------------------
1698                                     20333   280628  5056008

该系统中未计入“[堆]”(666M) 的 3.5 GB“<anonymous>”内存使用量是多少?


总计Shmem(包括所有 tmpfs 文件和创业板缓冲液)“仅”约 608M(“608004 kB”)。

$ uname -r  # Kernel version
5.0.17-200.fc29.x86_64

$ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal:        8042664 kB
MemFree:          426436 kB
MemAvailable:    2521060 kB
Buffers:          266884 kB
Cached:          2576424 kB
SwapCached:        14624 kB
Active:          4242740 kB
Inactive:        2647644 kB
Active(anon):    3097748 kB
Inactive(anon):  1561596 kB
Active(file):    1144992 kB
Inactive(file):  1086048 kB
Unevictable:      203436 kB
Mlocked:           13700 kB
SwapTotal:       2097148 kB
SwapFree:        1472816 kB
Dirty:               112 kB
Writeback:             0 kB
AnonPages:       4241276 kB
Mapped:           760472 kB
Shmem:            608004 kB
KReclaimable:     165768 kB
Slab:             332388 kB
SReclaimable:     165768 kB
SUnreclaim:       166620 kB
KernelStack:       21552 kB
PageTables:        47628 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:     6118480 kB
Committed_AS:   15395448 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:           0 kB
VmallocChunk:          0 kB
Percpu:             3424 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:   1796096 kB
ShmemHugePages:        0 kB
ShmemPmdMapped:        0 kB
CmaTotal:              0 kB
CmaFree:               0 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
Hugetlb:               0 kB
DirectMap4k:      483892 kB
DirectMap2M:     7782400 kB
DirectMap1G:     1048576 kB

答案1

您可以对其进行过滤。

$ sudo smem -t -M "<anonymous>" > M; head -n5 M; echo; tail M
  PID User     Command                         Swap      USS      PSS      RSS 
 2098 alan     /usr/libexec/gdm-wayland-se      232        0        0        0 
11759 alan-sysop /usr/libexec/gdm-wayland-se      232        0        0        0 
 2306 alan     /usr/libexec/ibus-dconf          244        4        4        4 
 2322 alan     /usr/libexec/xdg-permission      232        4        4        4 

23887 alan     /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox         0    67508    67508    67508 
20206 alan     /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox         0    67960    67960    67960 
25791 alan-sysop /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox         0    68176    68176    68176 
 2673 alan     /usr/bin/gnome-software --g    50184   125620   125620   125620 
 2220 alan     /usr/bin/gnome-shell           16768   139076   139076   139076 
25686 alan-sysop /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox         0   212396   212396   212396 
19977 alan     /usr/lib64/firefox/firefox         0   250900   250900   250900 
21812 qemu     /usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64        0  1813964  1813964  1813964 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  221 11                                     195308  3471748  3472326  3473492 

最大的用户是QEMU虚拟机。然而这仅占一半。各种程序都在使用这样的内存。查看完整列表(写入文件M),我看到了大量传统的旧程序,包括crondatdagettybash

它可能反映malloc()直接使用 分配的大型分配(4096 字节页面或更多)mmap()

因此,最好将其视为[heap]的特殊子集<anonymous>。并且不要认为<anonymous>这是奇怪的事情。

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