我有一台具有 64 个物理核心（AMD Ryzen Threadripper PRO 3995WX 64 核）的计算机，每个核心具有两个线程（即 128 个逻辑核心），运行在 Ubuntu 20.04.3 LTS 上。最近，我在辅助硬盘（新的，18 TB，型号 ST18000NM000J-2TV103）上启动了一个程序的 100 个实例，该程序涉及一些 I/O 使用，该硬盘与启动程序实例的 SSD 无关。我之前已经这样做过几次了，但这次硬盘进入了写保护模式，显示 I/O 错误，100 个实例中的许多实例无法成功结束。
以下是相关的输出行dmesg：
[1634026.731362] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00000 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731375] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00180 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731383] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00280 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731390] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00380 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731396] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00400 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731403] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00500 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731409] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00600 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731416] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00700 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731427] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00800 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731436] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00900 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731444] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00a00 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731453] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00b00 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731460] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00c00 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731468] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00d00 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731475] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00e00 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731482] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00f00 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731490] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe01000 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731497] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe01180 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731504] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe01280 flags=0x0020]
[1634026.731512] AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT device=26:00.0 domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe01300 flags=0x0020]
[1634285.885038] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x38f00000 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen
[1634285.885052] ata1.00: failed command: WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
[1634285.885122] ata1.00: status: { DRDY }
[1634285.885126] ata1: hard resetting link
[1634286.361002] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[1634291.484362] ata1.00: qc timeout (cmd 0x47)
[1634291.484380] ata1.00: READ LOG DMA EXT failed, trying PIO
[1634291.484382] ata1.00: failed to get NCQ Send/Recv Log Emask 0x40
[1634291.484388] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[1634301.484249] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1634311.484744] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1634346.484183] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1634346.484194] ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps
[1634351.484345] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1634351.484356] ata1: reset failed, giving up
[1634351.484359] ata1.00: disabled
[1634351.484378] ata1: EH complete
[1634351.484428] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#12 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=97s
[1634351.484442] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1634351.484443] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#12 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 02 87 54 40 80 00 00 04 80 00 00
[1634351.484448] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available.
[1634351.484448] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10860380288 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x0 phys_seg 81 prio class 0
[1634351.484459] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843302 starting block 1357547552)
[1634351.484465] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1634351.484467] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843303 starting block 1357547568)
[1634351.484469] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available.
[1634351.484474] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843304 starting block 1357547584)
[1634351.484480] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843305 starting block 1357547600)
[1634351.484484] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[1634351.484486] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843306 starting block 1357547616)
[1634351.484491] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843307 starting block 1357547632)
[1634351.484495] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks
[1634351.484512] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843308 starting block 1357547648)
[1634351.484517] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843309 starting block 1357547664)
[1634351.484521] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 84843310 starting block 1357547680)
[1634351.484521] sda: detected capacity change from 35156656128 to 0
[1634351.484525] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547280
[1634351.484536] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=97s
[1634351.484541] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 02 87 40 52 e8 00 00 00 08 00 00
[1634351.484543] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10859074280 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x103000 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1634351.484547] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547281
[1634351.484549] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1357384029, lost async page write
[1634351.484552] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547282
[1634351.484556] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547283
[1634351.484558] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547284
[1634351.484561] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547285
[1634351.484562] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1357547286
以及相关行df -h
/dev/sdb1 17T 796G 15T 6% /data
重新启动后，这个问题似乎消失了（HDD 不再显示 I/O 错误）。
几周前，HDD 也出现过类似的问题，进入写保护模式并出现 I/O 错误，重启后恢复正常状态。计算机正在执行不同的任务，但仍然涉及许多线程和读取/写入文件。dmesg第一个问题的输出略有不同（而且，HDD 当时位于 /dev/sda 中）：
[1024558.271654] ahci 0000:26:00.0: AMD-Vi: Event logged [IO_PAGE_FAULT domain=0x0032 address=0x7ffffe00000 flags=0x0000]
[1024589.483643] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x1f800 SErr 0x80000 action 0x6 frozen
[1024589.483654] ata1: SError: { 10B8B }
[1024589.483718] ata1.00: status: { DRDY }
[1024589.483722] ata1: hard resetting link
[1024589.959619] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[1024595.087563] ata1.00: qc timeout (cmd 0x47)
[1024595.087581] ata1.00: READ LOG DMA EXT failed, trying PIO
[1024595.087583] ata1.00: failed to get NCQ Send/Recv Log Emask 0x40
[1024595.087591] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[1024605.087857] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1024615.087044] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1024650.087438] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1024650.087450] ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps
[1024655.087628] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1024655.087639] ata1: reset failed, giving up
[1024655.087642] ata1.00: disabled
[1024655.087659] ata1: EH complete
[1024655.087709] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=96s
[1024655.087725] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 03 3a 07 12 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00
[1024655.087729] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 13858443776 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4000 phys_seg 85 prio class 0
[1024655.087754] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=96s
[1024655.087759] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1024655.087761] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 03 3a 07 08 00 00 00 0a 00 00 00
[1024655.087765] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 13858441216 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x4000 phys_seg 86 prio class 0
[1024655.087768] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available.
...
[1024655.088120] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303796
[1024655.088119] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 13405843408 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1024655.088120] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 13363431088 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1024655.088125] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303797
[1024655.088127] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#20 access beyond end of device
[1024655.088128] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 103547010 starting block 1670428887)
[1024655.088131] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 103546995 starting block 1675730427)
[1024655.088133] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303798
[1024655.088134] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#29 access beyond end of device
[1024655.088136] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): ext4_end_bio:342: I/O error 10 writing to inode 103547000 starting block 1671125037)
[1024655.088140] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303799
[1024655.088143] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303800
[1024655.088145] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303801
[1024655.088147] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303802
[1024655.088150] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303803
[1024655.088152] Buffer I/O error on device sda1, logical block 1732303804
...
[1024655.088929] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 0, lost sync page write
[1024655.088937] EXT4-fs (sda1): I/O error while writing superblock
[1024655.088938] EXT4-fs (sda1): I/O error while writing superblock
[1024655.088941] EXT4-fs (sda1): failed to convert unwritten extents to written extents -- potential data loss! (inode 103546991, error -30)
[1024655.088959] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 access beyond end of device
[1024655.088963] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 0, lost sync page write
[1024655.088979] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 access beyond end of device
[1024655.088982] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 0, lost sync page write
[1024655.089053] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#28 access beyond end of device
[1024655.089062] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 0, lost sync page write
[1024655.724098] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 access beyond end of device
[1024655.724137] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#2 access beyond end of device
[1024655.724146] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#3 access beyond end of device
[1024655.724148] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 0, lost sync page write
[1024655.724165] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 access beyond end of device
...
[1025036.714171] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#10 access beyond end of device
[1025036.714180] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 13254019344 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x3000 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1025036.714197] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #103546884: lblock 0: comm ls: error -5 reading directory block
[1025045.177176] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#28 access beyond end of device
[1025045.177186] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 13254019344 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x3000 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1025045.177198] EXT4-fs error: 10160 callbacks suppressed
[1025045.177200] EXT4-fs error (device sda1): __ext4_find_entry:1524: inode #103546884: comm mkdir: reading directory lblock 0
[1025045.177520] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#29 access beyond end of device
[1025045.177524] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 2048 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x3800 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1025045.177529] buffer_io_error: 5245 callbacks suppressed
[1025045.177530] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 0, lost sync page write
[1025045.177536] EXT4-fs: 5245 callbacks suppressed
[1025045.177538] EXT4-fs (sda1): I/O error while writing superblock
有人知道为什么会发生这些问题吗？这可能是 Linux 内核的一个错误吗？
谢谢！
更新：最近也发生过类似的错误，但这次只是启动了简单的 bash 命令（grep和ls）。同样，HDD 进入写入保护模式并显示 I/O 错误，重启后恢复正常。相关输出行dmesg如下：
[1027135.049335] ata1.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x4000700 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen
[1027135.049350] ata1.00: failed command: READ FPDMA QUEUED
[1027135.049363] ata1.00: status: { DRDY }
[1027135.049402] ata1: hard resetting link
[1027135.525212] ata1: SATA link up 6.0 Gbps (SStatus 133 SControl 300)
[1027140.649269] ata1.00: qc timeout (cmd 0x47)
[1027140.649289] ata1.00: READ LOG DMA EXT failed, trying PIO
[1027140.649292] ata1.00: failed to get NCQ Send/Recv Log Emask 0x40
[1027140.649299] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[1027150.649291] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1027160.649202] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1027195.648363] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1027195.648376] ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 3.0 Gbps
[1027200.648819] ata1: softreset failed (1st FIS failed)
[1027200.648831] ata1: reset failed, giving up
[1027200.648834] ata1.00: disabled
[1027200.648854] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE cmd_age=102s
[1027200.648859] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[1027200.648861] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[1027200.648864] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 02 7e 09 bb 00 00 00 01 00 00 00
[1027200.648866] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10704501504 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 3 prio class 0
[1027200.648890] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_OK driverbyte=DRIVER_SENSE cmd_age=102s
[1027200.648892] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 Sense Key : Illegal Request [current]
[1027200.648894] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 Add. Sense: Unaligned write command
[1027200.648896] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 02 7e 09 bc 00 00 00 01 00 00 00
[1027200.648897] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10704501760 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x80700 phys_seg 3 prio class 0
[1027200.648906] ata1: EH complete
[1027200.648958] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=102s
[1027200.648967] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=95s
[1027200.648975] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 CDB: Write(16) 8a 00 00 00 00 04 17 8a ea 38 00 00 02 78 00 00
[1027200.648980] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 17574849080 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 79 prio class 0
[1027200.648982] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 02 83 00 57 18 00 00 00 08 00 00
[1027200.648987] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[1027200.648990] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10787772184 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x3000 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.648996] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 02 7e 09 bb 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[1027200.649000] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10704501504 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.649007] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(16) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1027200.649016] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available.
[1027200.649035] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#22 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[1027200.649040] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Read Capacity(10) failed: Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK
[1027200.649043] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#22 CDB: Read(16) 88 00 00 00 00 02 7e 09 bb 00 00 00 00 08 00 00
[1027200.649044] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] Sense not available.
[1027200.649047] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10704501504 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.649051] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): dx_probe:757: inode #84279410: lblock 0: comm bash: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.649062] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 0 512-byte logical blocks: (0 B/0 B)
[1027200.649065] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] 4096-byte physical blocks
[1027200.649079] Aborting journal on device sda1-8.
[1027200.649091] sda: detected capacity change from 35156656128 to 0
[1027200.649110] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#10 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649119] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10704501504 op 0x0:(READ) flags 0x0 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.649124] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#11 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649126] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10787752240 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x103000 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.649136] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1348468774, lost async page write
[1027200.649180] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#27 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649183] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 17574397952 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x800 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.649188] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 2196799488, lost sync page write
[1027200.649198] JBD2: Error -5 detected when updating journal superblock for sda1-8.
[1027200.649209] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#6 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649215] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 10833889536 op 0x1:(WRITE) flags 0x103000 phys_seg 1 prio class 0
[1027200.649221] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235936, lost async page write
[1027200.649237] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#7 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649240] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235940, lost async page write
[1027200.649243] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235941, lost async page write
[1027200.649252] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649253] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235943, lost async page write
[1027200.649263] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649265] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235949, lost async page write
[1027200.649267] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235950, lost async page write
[1027200.649276] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#12 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649278] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354235953, lost async page write
[1027200.649287] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649289] Buffer I/O error on dev sda1, logical block 1354236143, lost async page write
[1027200.649298] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649316] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649332] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649338] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#17 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649350] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#18 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649357] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#19 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649363] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84677243: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.649367] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#20 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649372] EXT4-fs error (device sda1): ext4_journal_check_start:83: comm grep: Detected aborted journal
[1027200.649379] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#21 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649392] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#22 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649404] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#23 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649416] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#24 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649435] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#12 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649444] EXT4-fs (sda1): I/O error while writing superblock
[1027200.649446] EXT4-fs (sda1): Remounting filesystem read-only
[1027200.649457] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#25 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649472] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#26 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649484] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649491] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649504] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84677260: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.649528] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#28 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649536] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#29 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649544] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84639805: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.649555] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#30 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649569] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#0 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649575] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#1 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649586] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#2 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649592] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84677245: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.649597] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#3 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649615] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#4 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649624] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#5 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649634] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#6 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649636] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84639816: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.649645] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#7 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649656] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649685] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#9 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649696] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649706] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#10 access beyond end of device
[1027200.649713] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#11 access beyond end of device
...
[1027200.650422] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#4 access beyond end of device
[1027200.650512] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#5 access beyond end of device
[1027200.650520] EXT4-fs error (device sda1): __ext4_get_inode_loc_noinmem:4445: inode #83891181: block 1342177630: comm grep: unable to read itable block
[1027200.650546] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#6 access beyond end of device
[1027200.650550] EXT4-fs (sda1): I/O error while writing superblock
[1027200.650591] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#7 access beyond end of device
[1027200.650599] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#8 access beyond end of device
...
[1027200.656698] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#10 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656705] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#11 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656740] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#12 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656744] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #83886134: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.656771] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#13 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656774] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84639812: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.656799] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#14 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656803] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #84639778: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.656829] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#15 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656832] EXT4-fs warning (device sda1): htree_dirblock_to_tree:993: inode #83886156: lblock 1: comm grep: error -5 reading directory block
[1027200.656861] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#16 access beyond end of device
[1027200.656890] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#17 access beyond end of device
...
[1027200.691566] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#0 access beyond end of device
[1027200.691578] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#1 access beyond end of device
[1027200.691591] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#2 access beyond end of device
[1027208.503984] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#3 FAILED Result: hostbyte=DID_BAD_TARGET driverbyte=DRIVER_OK cmd_age=0s
[1027208.503993] sd 0:0:0:0: [sda] tag#3 CDB: ATA command pass through(16) 85 06 20 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 e5 00
答案1
您可以尝试将您的驱动器格式化为 XFS 而不是 EXT4，并检查是否有任何改善。
看：https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/365355/why-is-ext4-only-recommended-up-to-16-tb 并且：https://github.com/openzfs/zfs/issues/66