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配置 cups 时出现“invoke-rc.d: initscript cups，操作“启动”失败。”

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配置 cups 时出现“invoke-rc.d: initscript cups，操作“启动”失败。”

当我运行时apt-get -f install，我得到以下异常输出：

Setting up cups (1.5.0-8) ...
start: Job failed to start
invoke-rc.d: initscript cups, action "start" failed.
dpkg: error processing cups (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 cups
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

我在下面奔跑Ubuntu Oneiric Ocelot，x64。我不知道从哪里开始调试这个。我很感激你们提出的任何建议。

答案1

配置有问题计算机辅助系统（Linux 的网络打印基础设施）。如果 CUPS 不是您要解决的问题，您可以暂时解决该问题，方法是删除 CUPS ( apt-get remove cups)，然后重新尝试apt-get -f install.

如果您有兴趣诊断 CUPS 问题，您可以尝试一些方法来弄清楚发生了什么。 apt-get正在有效运行start cups（较旧的 Ubuntu 和其他发行版将运行/etc/init.d/cups start或service cups start）。您可以手动运行它，看看它是否显示任何有用的信息（可能没有）。检查最近更改的日志 ( ls -ltra /var/log) 并查看其中是否有任何提供提示（通常像 CUPS 这样的守护程序会将任何错误或警告写入日志文件）。

另外，请检查杯子配置文件 /etc/cups/cupsd.conf看看是否有什么地方看起来不正确。

不过，想必这并不是突然发生的。到底是什么问题促使你apt-get -f install开始跑步的？

答案2

问题是，upstart 无法启动cups 守护进程。我从九月份就发现了这个问题。我希望稳定版本能够解决这个错误。

我很懒，没有解决这个问题，但我做了一些小解决方法（仅适用于台式机使用本地打印机）：

mv /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.cupsd /etc/apparmor.d/bad_profiles/
# apparmor complains about cups profile

rm -f /etc/init.d/cups
# this is link to upstart-job

我使用初始化脚本（/etc/init.d/cups），如下所示：

#!/bin/bash
# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
PATH=/sbin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/usr/bin
DESC="Common Unix Printing Daemon"
NAME=cupsd
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/$NAME
DAEMON_ARGS=""
PIDFILE=/var/run/cups/$NAME.pid
#SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
SCRIPTNAME=./$NAME

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.2-14) to ensure that this file is present
# and status_of_proc is working.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

do_start()
{
        # Return
        #   0 if daemon has been started
        #   1 if daemon was already running
        #   2 if daemon could not be started
        start-stop-daemon --start --verbose --user lp --group lpadmin --pid $PIDFILE \
                --exec $DAEMON --test || return 1
        start-stop-daemon --start --verbose --user lp --group lpadmin --pidfile $PIDFILE \
                --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_ARGS || return 2
        # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
        # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
        # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.
        #$DAEMON $DAEMON_ARGS &
        #echo `pidof cupsd`>$PIDFILE
}

do_stop()
{
        # Return
        #   0 if daemon has been stopped
        #   1 if daemon was already stopped
        #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
        #   other if a failure occurred
        start-stop-daemon --stop --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
        RETVAL="$?"
        [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
        # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
        # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
        # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
        # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
        # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
        # sleep for some time.
        start-stop-daemon --stop --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
        [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
        # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
        rm -f $PIDFILE
        return "$RETVAL"
}

do_reload() {
        #
        # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
        # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
        # then implement that here.
        #
        start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --verbose --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
        return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
        do_start
        case "$?" in
                0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
                2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
        esac
        ;;
  stop)
      [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
        do_stop
        case "$?" in
                0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
                2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
        esac
        ;;
  status)
       status_of_proc "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
       ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
        #
        # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
        # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
        #
        #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"
        #do_reload
        #log_end_msg $?
        #;;
  restart|force-reload)
        #
        # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
        # 'force-reload' alias
        #
        log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
        do_stop
        case "$?" in
          0|1)
                do_start
                case "$?" in
                        0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
                        1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
                        *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
                esac
                ;;
          *)
                # Failed to stop
                log_end_msg 1
                ;;
        esac
        ;;
  *)
       echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart|force-reload}" >&2
        exit 3
        ;;
esac

exit 0

接下来你可以写（作为root）：

# apt-get install -f

而且你必须有bash。

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