是否有一个多选项卡终端接受开始运行每个选项卡一个命令？

Question

我的目标是启动一个多终端环境：

• 一次轻松访问所有终端，就像按键盘键一样（我可以使用 yakuake 和 guake 做到这一点）
• 自定义命名选项卡，这样我就知道东西在哪里
• 使用预先执行的完整命令启动多选项卡终端，这样我就可以为每个选项卡终端提供完全设置的环境

我今天做什么？
我打开 guake，它使用的 RAM 比 yakuake 少。
我在 bash 上配置了一些按键绑定，因此我可以按 F5 之类的键并启动用于开发的基本环境，因此我仍然必须为每个特定终端按 F5 键。
我仍然需要在 5 个选项卡中的每一个上输入它们的具体命令。
我之前还给它们命名过，这样我就知道在哪个上运行什么特定命令。

研究：

• 多选项卡终端：yakuake、guake、先生xvt。
• 可重命名的选项卡：guake、yakuake，但我找不到 mrxvt 的方法。
• 我知道我们可以使用总线 使用 yakuake 可以做很多事情，比如更改选项卡名称。不确定瓜克。找不到使用 mrxvt 更改选项卡名称的方法。

间接方式（不需要是命令行，可以通过 qdbus）来实现最终结果也足够了，我可能只需要准备一些脚本。

使用最低 RAM 的应用程序 (mrxvt) 对于处理正在运行的其他应用程序也很重要，但如果我无法使用它来实现我的目标，那就没有意义了。

Answer 1

如果您正在寻找“多终端”环境，我建议不要寻找终端本身（终结器是一个不错的选择），而是检查终端多路复用器的路径，例如tmux.

有了它，tmux您将拥有更高级终端的所有优点，但您可以在任何终端中使用它，也可以在远程服务器中使用它。

tmux还有一个优点是，如果您关闭终端，您的 TMUX 会话仍然存在，您可以恢复它，并且所有 vim 文件、o 程序和 ssh 会话仍在运行。

为了使用预定义的 TABS（tmux 中的窗口）配置多个终端并自动运行一些命令，tmux有 tmuxinator (https://github.com/tmuxinator/tmuxinator) 和 tmuxp (https://tmuxp.git-pull.com/）

tmuxp 示例

session_name: 4-pane-split
start_directory: ./ # load session relative to config location (project root).
before_script: ./.tmuxp-before-script.sh
shell_command_before:
  - '[ -f .venv/bin/activate ] && source .venv/bin/activate && reset'
windows:
  - window_name: dev window
    layout: tiled
    shell_command_before:
      - cd ~/ # run as a first command in all panes
    panes:
      - shell_command: # pane no. 1
          - cd /var/log # run multiple commands in this pane
          - ls -al | grep \.log
      - echo second pane # pane no. 2
      - echo third pane # pane no. 3
      - echo forth pane # pane no. 4
  - window_name: docs
    layout: main-horizontal
    options:
      main-pane-height: 35
    start_directory: docs/
    panes:
      - focus: true
      - pane
      - make serve
      - make SPHINXBUILD='poetry run sphinx-build' watch

一些链接：

• https://thevaluable.dev/tmux-config-mouseless/
• https://dev.to/iggredible/useful-tmux-configuration-examples-k3g
• https://github.com/tmuxinator/tmuxinator
• https://tmuxp.git-pull.com/

Answer 2

如果你的 guake 版本 >= 3.8.5-1，你将需要这个：（
cat >>bashAutoCmdOnStart.sh并将此命令添加到 ~/.bashrc 的末尾）

#!/bin/bash

strFlBase="/tmp/`basename "$0"`."

if [[ "$1" == "--getExecFileForUID" ]];then
  shift
  echo "Showing id for current term on guake:" >&2
  echo "${strFlBase}$1"
  exit 0
fi

#TODO for yakuake too
if [[ -z "$GUAKE_TAB_UUID" ]];then declare -p GUAKE_TAB_UUID;exit 0;fi

: ${bBashAutoCmdOnStart:=true} #help
if ! $bBashAutoCmdOnStart;then ps;pwd;declare -p bBashAutoCmdOnStart;exit 0;fi

ps;pwd
strFlExec="${strFlBase}$GUAKE_TAB_UUID"
nCount=0
while true;do
  echo -ne "$SECONDS: wating terminal auto cmd ($strFlExec). Hit any key for prompt.\r";
  #TODO test if terminal is interactive, I think `read` is failing when guake loads initially on pc restart
  if read -t 3 -n 1;then break;fi;
  if [[ -f "$strFlExec" ]];then
    echo "EXECUTING file contents '$strFlExec' here:"
    cat "$strFlExec"
    strRunFl="${strFlExec}.Running.${nCount}"
    mv -v "$strFlExec" "$strRunFl"
    #chmod +x "${strFlExec}.Running"
    source "${strRunFl}"
    ps;pwd
    #bash -c "${strFlExec}.Running;ps;pwd;bash"
    ((nCount++))&&:
  fi
done
ps;pwd
bBashAutoCmdOnStart=false bash

运行示例：guakeAutoEnv.sh [-x] -ID_CMD workA ls 123 -ID_CMD workB ls 456 789#-x 是从 xterm 运行它（而不是当前的 guake 选项卡） cat >>guakeAutoEnv.sh

#!/bin/bash

nWId="`wmctrl -l |grep "Guake!" |awk '{print $1}'`";declare -p nWId

: ${bUseBashAutoCmdMode:=false}
if ! qdbus org.guake3.RemoteControl /org/guake3/RemoteControl |grep execute_command_by_uuid;then
  #echoc --alert "@{-n}execute_command_by_uuid was @nremoved@{-n}, therefore this script wont work that way anymore :(";
  bUseBashAutoCmdMode=true
fi

if [[ -z "${1-}" ]] || [[ "${1}" == --help ]];then
  #help Usage ex.: [-x] -ID_CMD coolName ls 123 -ID_CMD funnyName ls 456 789
  egrep "[#]help" $0 |sed -r -e 's"^[[:space:]]*""' -e 's"[[:space:]]*$""' >/dev/stderr
  exit 0
fi

export bUsingXtermToRun=false;
if [[ "${1-}" == "-x" ]];then 
  bUsingXtermToRun=true;
  shift&&:;
  (xterm -e $0 "$@"&disown) #w/o -x now
  exit
fi

set -Eeu

# depends on
while ! pgrep -fa "`which guake`";do echo " >>>>> WARN:WaitingGuakeStart";sleep 3;done #this line checks for a running guake
while ! qdbus org.guake3.RemoteControl;do echo " >>>>> WARN:WaitingGuakeDBus";sleep 3;done #this line checks for a listening guake

function FUNCexecEcho() {
  echo " EXEC: $@" >/dev/stderr
  "$@"
};export -f FUNCexecEcho

function FUNCgrc() {
  FUNCexecEcho qdbus org.guake3.RemoteControl /org/guake3/RemoteControl org.guake3.RemoteControl."$@"
}

# read parameters
acmd=()
astrIdList=()
astrOptList=()
iIdIndex=0
function FUNCchkCmd() { if [[ "${1:0:7}" == "-ID_CMD" ]];then return 0;else return 1;fi; } # <"$1">
while ! ${1+false};do
  if FUNCchkCmd "${1}";then
    echo " >>> NEW ID_CMD iIdIndex=$iIdIndex:"
    astrOptList+=("${1#-ID_CMD}");shift
    astrIdList+=("$1");shift;
    continue;
  fi
  
  acmd+=("$1");shift
  if ${1+false} || FUNCchkCmd "${1}";then
    echo "astrOptList[$iIdIndex]='${astrOptList[$iIdIndex]}'"
    echo "astrIdList[$iIdIndex]='${astrIdList[$iIdIndex]}'"
    eval 'aIdCmd'${iIdIndex}'=("${acmd[@]}")';declare -p aIdCmd${iIdIndex}
    ((iIdIndex++))&&:
    acmd=()
  fi
done
declare -p astrIdList

# detect existing tabs
iTabCount="`FUNCgrc get_tab_count`"
iCurrentTabIndex="`FUNCgrc get_selected_tab`"
strCurrentTabUUID="`FUNCgrc get_selected_uuidtab`"
astrTabUUIDList=()
astrTabNameList=()
for((i=0;i<iTabCount;i++));do
  echo
  declare -p i
  strTabName="`FUNCgrc get_tab_name $i`";declare -p strTabName
  if((i==iCurrentTabIndex));then echo " CURRENT TAB";fi
  
  FUNCgrc select_tab $i
  astrTabUUIDList+=("`FUNCgrc get_selected_uuidtab`")
  astrTabNameList+=("`FUNCgrc get_tab_name $i`")
done
FUNCgrc select_tab $iCurrentTabIndex # this first is reached fast so the user has not to wait a long time
: ${bGoBackToInitialTab:=false} #help will re-select select the tab this script was run on at the end

declare -p astrTabUUIDList |tr '[' '\n'
declare -p astrTabNameList |tr '[' '\n'

function FUNCrunCmd() {
  strOpts="$1";shift
  strTabName="$1";shift
  strTabUUID="$1";shift
  iIdCmd="$1";shift

  aOptList=();if [[ -n "$strOpts" ]];then aOptList+=(`echo "$strOpts" |sed -r 's@(.)@\1 @g'`);fi
  
  echo
  echo " TabName: ${strTabName}, CMDOPTION(s): ${aOptList[@]} "
  
  eval 'acmdRun=("${aIdCmd'${iIdCmd}'[@]}")';declare -p acmdRun
  
  bSubShell=true
  bForceCurrentTab=false
  bRetryOnError=false
  for strOpt in "${aOptList[@]}";do
    case "$strOpt" in
      n)bSubShell=false;; #help CMDOPTION: The default is to run using `bash -c '$cmd'`. To disable this, use like ex.: `-ID_CMDn cd ComePathToApplyAtCurrentShell`
      c)bForceCurrentTab=true;if ! $bUsingXtermToRun;then echo " >>>>> WARNING <<<<< 'c' CMDOPTION is more reliable using '-x' option!!!";fi;; #help CMDOPTION: The tab name will only be ignored (but only if it does not exist ex.: "IgnoredCurrentTabName") and the current tab running this script will be used. This option is more reliable with -x option.
      r)bRetryOnError=true;; #help CMDOPTION: if the command fails returning any error, it will retry running it after 3s.
      *)$0 --help;echo "ERROR: invalid option '$strOpt' for strTabName='${strTabName}' and command: ${acmdRun[*]}";exit 1;;
    esac
  done
  
  # create and run a tmp script
  strFl="`tempfile`";chmod +x "$strFl"
  echo '#!/bin/bash
    cat $0; # review the command
    '"$(declare -p acmdRun)"'; # '"${acmdRun[@]}"'
    echo >'"${strFl}.started"'
    if '$bRetryOnError';then
      while ! "${acmdRun[@]}";do echo "failed error $?";sleep 3;done
    else
      "${acmdRun[@]}";
    fi
    ' >"$strFl"
    
  while true;do
    bForceIgnoreStart=false
    
    if $bUseBashAutoCmdMode && $bSubShell;then
      bSubShell=false
      echo "WARN: disabling subshell mode to let bUseBashAutoCmdMode work for now." >&2
    fi
    
    if $bSubShell;then
      strCmd="bash -c ${strFl}"
    else
      # can the command passed thru qdbus param cause some problem if it is too complex? `bash -c` above is to prevent that.
      strCmd="`declare -p acmdRun`;"'"${acmdRun[@]}"'
      bForceIgnoreStart=true
    fi
    
    if $bUseBashAutoCmdMode;then
      #echoc --alert "@{-n}execute_command_by_uuid was @nremoved@{-n}, therefore this script wont work that way anymore :(";
      #exit 1
      strExecFile="`bashAutoCmdOnStart.sh --getExecFileForUID "$strTabUUID"`"
      echo "$strCmd" >>"$strExecFile"
      while [[ -f "$strExecFile" ]];do
        #echo "INFO: Waiting '$strExecFile' be consumed..."
        read -p "(`date`)INFO: Waiting '$strExecFile' be consumed... skip waiting? (y/...)`echo -ne "\r"`" -t 1 -n 1 strResp&&:;if [[ "$strResp" == "y" ]];then break;fi
        sleep 1
      done
    else
      # this is for old guake version
      if [[ "$strTabUUID" == "USE_CURRENT_TAB" ]];then
        FUNCgrc execute_command "$strCmd"
      else
        FUNCgrc execute_command_by_uuid "$strTabUUID" "$strCmd"
      fi
    fi
    
    sleep 1 #wait it start running
    
    : ${bWaitStart:=true} #help wait the command start running before sending the next one
    bForceRetry=false
    bKeepTmpExecFile=false
    bReallyWaitStart=$bWaitStart;if $bForceIgnoreStart;then bReallyWaitStart=false;fi
    if $bReallyWaitStart;then
      if $bForceCurrentTab || [[ "$strCurrentTabUUID" == "$strTabUUID" ]];then
        echo " >>>>>>>>>>>> "
        echo " >>>>> ATTENTION!!! this command '${acmdRun[*]}' was requested to be run on this current tab [$iCurrentTabIndex]'${strTabName}'($strCurrentTabUUID), so this script will not wait for the command to start and the related temporary exec file '${strFl}' will be kept."
        echo " >>>>>>>>>>>> "
        bKeepTmpExecFile=true
      else
        nW=0
        while [[ ! -f "${strFl}.started" ]];do
          echo " >>>>>>>>>>>> "
          echo "     > `date`: Waiting ($((nW++))) the command start running:"
          echo "     > TAB: strTabName='${strTabName}',strTabUUID='$strTabUUID'"
          echo "     > CMD$iIdCmd: '${acmdRun[*]}'"
          echo "     > It may fail if there was some command typed and not executed yet there."
          echo "     > It may fail if there happened an input request there."
          echo "     > So you better check if no problem happened!"
          echo "     > But if no problem happened and you force a retry, it will be buffered and will execute again."
          echo "     > Force retry run now? (y/...)"
          echo " >>>>>>>>>>>> "
          strResp="$(read -t 3 -n 1 strResp;echo "$strResp")";echo #the script was stopping here... why did I have to subshell?
          if [[ "$strResp" == "y" ]];then echo " >>>>> Retrying";bForceRetry=true;break;fi
        done
      fi
    fi
    
    if ! $bForceRetry;then break;fi
  done
  
  : ${bRmTmpFiles:=false} #help delete temporary files
  if $bRmTmpFiles && ! $bKeepTmpExecFile;then rm -v "${strFl}" "${strFl}.started";fi
};export -f FUNCrunCmd

# run the commands
for iId in "${!astrIdList[@]}";do
  declare -p iId
  echo " Id: ${astrIdList[iId]}"
  
  bFound=false
  
  for iTab in "${!astrTabNameList[@]}";do
    strOpt="${astrOptList[iId]}"
    bRunOnThisTab=false
    if [[ "${astrTabNameList[iTab]}" == "${astrIdList[iId]}" ]];then bRunOnThisTab=true;fi
    if ((iTab==iCurrentTabIndex)) && [[ "$strOpt" =~ .*c.* ]];then bRunOnThisTab=true;fi
    if $bRunOnThisTab;then
      FUNCrunCmd "$strOpt" "${astrIdList[iId]}" "${astrTabUUIDList[iTab]}" $iId
      bFound=true
      break
    fi
  done
  
  : ${bAddTab:=true} #help if it doesnt exist yet
  if ! $bFound;then
    if $bAddTab;then
      FUNCgrc add_tab "$HOME"
      FUNCgrc rename_current_tab "${astrIdList[iId]}"
      astrTabNameList+=("${astrIdList[iId]}")
      astrTabUUIDList+=("`FUNCgrc get_selected_uuidtab`")
      FUNCrunCmd "${astrOptList[iId]}" "${astrIdList[iId]}" "USE_CURRENT_TAB" $iId
    else
      echo " >>>>>>>>>>>> "
      echo " >>>>> WARNING: could not find a matching tab name for '${astrIdList[iId]}'"
      echo " >>>>>>>>>>>> "
    fi
  fi
done #for iId in "${!astrIdList[@]}";do

if $bGoBackToInitialTab;then FUNCgrc select_tab $iCurrentTabIndex;fi