破译 smartctl 结果

破译 smartctl 结果

我正在尝试使用内部 2.5 英寸 HDD 作为我的外部存储介质和备份。在我的一些文件损坏之前,该 HDD 之前已经在 Windows 计算机上运行了很长时间,因此我只是将其更改为SSD。CrystalDiskInfo 报告驱动器的运行状况为“良好”,但是 HDDScan 显示“UltraDMA CRC 错误”警告。

smartctl -a这是其运行结果:

smartctl 7.3 2022-02-28 r5338 [x86_64-w64-mingw32-w10-21H2] (sf-7.3-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-22, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate Mobile HDD
Device Model:     ST1000LM035-1RK172
Firmware Version: SDM1
User Capacity:    1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    5400 rpm
Form Factor:      2.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/5319
ATA Version is:   ACS-3 T13/2161-D revision 3b
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.1, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 1.5 Gb/s)
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x00) Offline data collection activity
                    was never started.
                    Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                    without error or no self-test has ever 
                    been run.
Total time to complete Offline 
data collection:        (    0) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:            (0x71) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                    No Auto Offline data collection support.
                    Suspend Offline collection upon new
                    command.
                    No Offline surface scan supported.
                    Self-test supported.
                    Conveyance Self-test supported.
                    Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                    power-saving mode.
                    Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                    General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine 
recommended polling time:    (   1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:    ( 169) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:    (   2) minutes.
SCT capabilities:          (0x3035) SCT Status supported.
                    SCT Feature Control supported.
                    SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x000f   072   051   006    Pre-fail  Always       -       15037148
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0003   099   099   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   065   065   020    Old_age   Always       -       36007
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   100   100   036    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   080   060   045    Pre-fail  Always       -       22014115380
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   100   086   000    Old_age   Always       -       55 (236 20 0)
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   092   020    Old_age   Always       -       56
184 End-to-End_Error        0x0032   100   100   099    Old_age   Always       -       0
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   001   001   000    Old_age   Always       -       3990
188 Command_Timeout         0x0032   100   081   000    Old_age   Always       -       30067195949
189 High_Fly_Writes         0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022   068   049   040    Old_age   Always       -       32 (Min/Max 29/32)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       197
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       69
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   064   064   000    Old_age   Always       -       73637
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   032   051   000    Old_age   Always       -       32 (0 18 0 0 0)
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   100   051   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0010   100   051   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       3
240 Head_Flying_Hours       0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       12591 (154 139 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       98336960706
242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       114926523300
254 Free_Fall_Sensor        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 3475 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
    CR = Command Register [HEX]
    FR = Features Register [HEX]
    SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
    SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
    CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
    CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
    DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
    DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
    ER = Error register [HEX]
    ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.

Error 3475 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 29 hours (1 days + 5 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 88 7d f4 09  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09f47d88 = 167017864

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  60 00 08 88 7d f4 49 00      00:38:49.208  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 80 7d f4 49 00      00:38:49.195  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 b0 a8 21 49 00      00:38:49.182  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 a8 a8 21 49 00      00:38:49.181  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 a0 a8 21 49 00      00:38:49.181  READ FPDMA QUEUED

Error 3474 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 29 hours (1 days + 5 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 80 7d f4 09  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09f47d80 = 167017856

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  60 00 08 80 7d f4 49 00      00:38:46.657  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 78 7d f4 49 00      00:38:46.625  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:46.615  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:46.605  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00      00:38:46.578  READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]

Error 3473 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 29 hours (1 days + 5 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 78 7d f4 09  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09f47d78 = 167017848

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  60 00 08 78 7d f4 49 00      00:38:44.127  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 70 7d f4 49 00      00:38:44.095  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:44.085  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:44.076  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00      00:38:44.049  READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]

Error 3472 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 29 hours (1 days + 5 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 70 7d f4 09  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09f47d70 = 167017840

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  60 00 08 70 7d f4 49 00      00:38:41.598  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 68 7d f4 49 00      00:38:41.566  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:41.556  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:41.547  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00      00:38:41.520  READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]

Error 3471 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 29 hours (1 days + 5 hours)
  When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.

  After command completion occurred, registers were:
  ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
  -- -- -- -- -- -- --
  40 51 00 68 7d f4 09  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x09f47d68 = 167017832

  Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
  CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name
  -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------
  60 00 08 68 7d f4 49 00      00:38:39.013  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  60 00 08 60 7d f4 49 00      00:38:38.987  READ FPDMA QUEUED
  ef 10 03 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:38.977  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  ef 10 02 00 00 00 a0 00      00:38:38.968  SET FEATURES [Enable SATA feature]
  27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00      00:38:38.941  READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT [OBS-ACS-3]

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num  Test_Description    Status                  Remaining  LifeTime(hours)  LBA_of_first_error
# 1  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%        22         282912
# 2  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%        20         282912
# 3  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%        18         282912
# 4  Conveyance offline  Completed: read failure       90%        18         282912
# 5  Short offline       Completed: read failure       80%        18         282912
# 6  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%        17         282912
# 7  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%         2         64400520
# 8  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%         2         64400520
# 9  Extended offline    Completed: read failure       90%         2         64400520
#10  Extended offline    Completed without error       00%      9245         -
#11  Short offline       Completed without error       00%      4741         -
#12  Short offline       Completed without error       00%      4667         -

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.


这让我有点困惑。该驱动器通过 USB(适配器)连接到我的计算机,其上没有品牌名称,但smartctl显示它是“USB JMicron”。此“USB JMicron”适配器是否导致“UltraDMA CRC 错误”或其他问题?

由于我不确定是什么导致了当时的数据损坏,我想知道根据来自 的信息,该驱动器是否实际上安全可靠smartctl。任何有关破译诊断信息的帮助将不胜感激。

答案1

USB-sATA:此类设备必须将USB命令集转换为sATA命令集。最重要和最常见的是读取扇区(块)和写入它的命令。某些 USB/sATA 设备不转换其他命令,因此smartctl无法hdparm获取服务信息。有些(包括 JMicron)会翻译所有命令。新smartctl版本可以自动检测芯片组并使用它。

smartctl可以启动磁盘自动测试,也可以仅收集保存的记录信息。对于磁盘来说,这一点194 Temperature很重要,因为如果温度接近居里温度,磁性能会发生不可逆的退化。工作温度保持在40摄氏度以下是安全的。 (越少越好)。一些 HD 也会记住温度历史。

硬盘通常有一些保留扇区(块)供 mg 的某些部分使用。表面状况不佳。此类扇区的数量为5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct。如果该数字小于 100,则不得表示磁盘不可用。跳转到保留扇区时,负载可能会增加一些。如果这个数字随着时间的推移而增加,那就更危险了。在这种情况下,不建议使用它。

197 Current_Pending_Sector可能会更烦人,因为磁盘控制器无法通过其 CRC 确认扇区内容。有时,此类扇区可能是意外创建的,并且可以在重写后将其消除,但在某些情况下,它是在重新分配之前。

我真的不确定 Seagate 的意思,199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count但是当磁头飞过 mg 表面时,就会发生寻道错误,就像代表读取的 0.01% 以下的读取错误一样。

SSD 不会因高温而性能下降太多,并且通常不会消耗太多功率。它们还有一些备用块(不是扇区,而是更大的块),因为需要立即擦除和写入该块。 SSD 控制器对块进行大量处理,因为每次写入操作都会缩短其寿命。因此你必须观看241 Total_LBAs_Written

你可以看到SSD的TBW参数是什么缩写太字节写入

如果将此数字除以 SSD 容量,您可以看到,在便宜的 SSD 中,一个块可以写入不到 100 次,而 cca 则可以写入 500 次。只有用于服务器的 SSD 才能使一个块的写入次数超过 10000 次。

我的意见:你的磁盘看起来状况良好(不是很好),但请记住,它的磁头已经飞了近一年半了,所以我建议购买一个外部盒子并使用该磁盘进行备份或存档。在下次使用之前,您可以将整个磁盘清零并smartctl -x再次检查。如果没有或只有很小的变化,那就可以了。

答案2

自动离线数据收集:已禁用 — 对于某些驱动器,此设置会导致 SMART 值无法正确更新,因此请考虑启用它。

UDMA CRC 错误有时会发生。如果该值很高并且持续上升,您可能需要更换 SATA 电缆或端口(或整个 USB 外壳)。

开机时间计数器似乎已溢出(对于长时间运行的驱动器来说是正常的)或被故意重置为 0(有时会发生在 Ebay 上销售的驱动器上)。

该驱动器的真正问题是它当前在自检中存在读取错误;总的来说,这似乎是一个较旧的驱动器,现在显示出故障的迹象(这些读取故障已经丢失了数据)。

如果您仍需要恢复该驱动器的任何数据,ddrescue请执行下一步。

如果您不关心驱动器上的数据,则可以在破坏性写入模式下运行坏块测试(非破坏性写入模式不会覆盖读取错误,因此无助于重新分配扇区)或使用其他工具覆盖它。

然后再次检查 SMART 并运行另一个自检。

不管怎样,我不会再对这个驱动器抱有太大的信任。

答案3

你只有 3 个这样的错误,我不会担心这个。

然而,我担心的是 Command_Timeout ,它非常高(30,067,195,949),但如果您没有任何明显的减速,则无需担心。这并不意味着驱动器即将失效,但可能表明存在一些问题,例如接口问题。

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