我正在尝试按照说明更新 Debian https://www.debian.org/releases/bookworm/amd64/release-notes/ch-upgrading.en.html#upgrade-process 一切都很顺利，但是当我跑步时
apt full-upgrade
ssh 会话被中断，消息是：
Unpacking libkf5plasmaquick5:amd64 (5.103.0-1) over (5.78.0-3) ...
Preparing to unpack .../50-libgl1_1.6.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libgl1:amd64 (1.6.0-1) over (1.3.2-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../51-libglx0_1.6.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libglx0:amd64 (1.6.0-1) over (1.3.2-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../52-libopengl0_1.6.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libopengl0:amd64 (1.6.0-1) over (1.3.2-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../53-milou_4%3a5.27.5-2_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking milou (4:5.27.5-2) over (4:5.20.5-1) ...
Preparing to unpack .../54-breeze-cursor-theme_4%3a5.27.5-2_all.deb ...
Unpacking breeze-cursor-theme (4:5.27.5-2) over (4:5.20.5-4) ...
Preparing to unpack .../55-libkf5style5_5.103.0-1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking libkf5style5:amd64 (5.103.0-1) over (5.78.0-2) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
/tmp/apt-dpkg-install-xtUF3X/22-software-properties-qt_0.99.30-4_all.deb
Log ended: 2023-06-12 16:28:58
一段时间后连接恢复，现在当我尝试运行任何命令时，我得到：
sudo apt reinstall
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
breeze : Depends: kde-style-breeze (= 4:5.27.5-2) but 4:5.20.5-4 is installed
Depends: libkf5kcmutils5 (>= 5.102.0~) but 5.78.0-3 is installed
Recommends: kde-style-qtcurve but it is not installable
dbus : Depends: dbus-daemon (= 1.14.6-1) but it is not installed
Depends: dbus-system-bus-common (>= 1.14.6-1) but it is not installed
dbus-user-session : Depends: dbus-daemon (= 1.14.6-1) but it is not installed or
dbus-broker but it is not installed
dbus-x11 : Depends: dbus-daemon (= 1.14.6-1) but it is not installed
dmsetup : Depends: libdevmapper1.02.1 (>= 2:1.02.181) but 2:1.02.175-2.1 is installed
eog : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.17.92) but it is not installed
evince : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.17.92) but it is not installed
evolution-data-server : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1.1) but it is not installed
gdm3 : Depends: dbus-daemon but it is not installed
geoclue-2.0 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
gir1.2-gnomedesktop-3.0 : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 43~alpha) but it is not installed
gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 : Depends: libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 (= 2.40.1-1) but 2.40.1-1~deb11u1 is installed
gir1.2-rest-1.0 : Depends: librest-1.0-0 (>= 0.9.1) but it is not installed
gir1.2-shumate-1.0 : Depends: gir1.2-gtk-4.0 but it is not installed
gir1.2-soup-3.0 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (= 3.2.2-2) but it is not installed
gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 : Depends: libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 (= 2.40.1-1) but 2.40.1-1~deb11u1 is installed
gnome-calculator : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 2.41.90) but it is not installed
gnome-characters : Depends: gir1.2-gtk-4.0 (>= 4.6) but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-adw-1 (>= 1.2~alpha) but it is not installed
gnome-control-center : Depends: libgoa-backend-1.0-1 (>= 3.45) but 3.38.0-3 is installed
Depends: libnma-gtk4-0 (>= 1.8.34) but it is not installed
Depends: libsnapd-glib-2-1 (>= 1.63) but it is not installed
Depends: libwacom9 (>= 2.0.0) but it is not installed
Recommends: gnome-remote-desktop (>= 42) but it is not installed
Recommends: power-profiles-daemon but it is not installed
Recommends: network-manager-gnome (>= 0.9.8) but it is not installed
gnome-online-accounts : Depends: libgoa-backend-1.0-1 (= 3.46.0-1) but 3.38.0-3 is installed
Depends: librest-1.0-0 (>= 0.9.1-2) but it is not installed
gnome-session-bin : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.34.2) but it is not installed
gnome-settings-daemon : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.37.1) but it is not installed
Depends: libwacom9 (>= 2.0.0) but it is not installed
gnome-shell : Depends: gir1.2-adw-1 but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-gnomebluetooth-3.0 (>= 42.3) but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-gtk-4.0 but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-mutter-11 (>= 43.0) but it is not installed
Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.35.90) but it is not installed
Recommends: gnome-remote-desktop but it is not installed
Recommends: power-profiles-daemon but it is not installed
gnome-shell-extension-prefs : Depends: gir1.2-adw-1 but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-gtk-4.0 but it is not installed
gnome-shell-extensions : Depends: gir1.2-adw-1 but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-gtk-4.0 but it is not installed
gnome-software : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
gnome-weather : Depends: gir1.2-adw-1 (>= 1.2~alpha) but it is not installed
Depends: gir1.2-gtk-4.0 (>= 4.5) but it is not installed
gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad : Depends: libdirectfb-1.7-7 (>= 1.7.7) but it is not installed
Depends: libfluidsynth3 (>= 2.2.0) but it is not installed
Depends: liblrdf0 (>= 0.4.0-1.2) but it is not installed
Depends: libneon27 but it is not installed
Depends: libopenh264-7 (>= 2.3.1+dfsg) but it is not installed
Depends: libzxing2 (>= 1.4.0) but it is not installed
gvfs-backends : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
gvfs-fuse : Depends: libfuse3-3 (>= 3.12.0) but 3.10.3-2 is installed
kde-config-screenlocker : Depends: libkf5configqml5 (>= 5.94.0) but it is not installed
Depends: libkf5kcmutils5 (>= 5.102.0~) but 5.78.0-3 is installed
kwin-common : Depends: libinput10 (>= 1.19.1) but 1.16.4-3 is installed
Depends: libkdecorations2private10 (>= 4:5.27.5~) but it is not installed
Depends: libkf5kcmutils5 (>= 5.102.0~) but 5.78.0-3 is installed
Depends: libkf5kcmutilscore5 (>= 5.102.0~) but it is not installed
Depends: libkf5newstuffcore5 (>= 5.102.0~) but 5.78.0-4 is installed
Depends: libkf5newstuffwidgets5 (>= 5.102.0~) but it is not installed
Depends: libkwineffects14 (= 4:5.27.5-3) but it is not installed
Depends: libkwinglutils14 (= 4:5.27.5-3) but it is not installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
Recommends: plasma-desktop (>= 4:5.27.5~) but 4:5.20.5-4 is installed
kwin-style-breeze : Depends: kde-style-breeze (= 4:5.27.5-2) but 4:5.20.5-4 is installed
kwin-x11 : Depends: libkwineffects14 (= 4:5.27.5-3) but it is not installed
Depends: libkwinglutils14 (= 4:5.27.5-3) but it is not installed
libedata-book-1.2-27 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1.1) but it is not installed
libedata-cal-2.0-2 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1.1) but it is not installed
libedataserver-1.2-27 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1.1) but it is not installed
libedataserverui-1.2-4 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1.1) but it is not installed
libedataserverui4-1.0-0 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1.1) but it is not installed
libegl-mesa0 : Depends: libglapi-mesa (= 22.3.6-1+deb12u1) but 20.3.5-1 is installed
libevolution : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.17.92) but it is not installed
Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.1) but it is not installed
libgeocode-glib-2-0 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
libgl1 : Depends: libglvnd0 (= 1.6.0-1) but 1.3.2-1 is installed
libglx0 : Depends: libglvnd0 (= 1.6.0-1) but 1.3.2-1 is installed
libgnome-desktop-4-2 : Depends: gnome-desktop3-data (>= 43.2-2) but 3.38.5-3 is installed
libgnome-rr-4-2 : Depends: gnome-desktop3-data (>= 43.2-2) but 3.38.5-3 is installed
libgweather-4-0 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
libkdecorations2-5v5 : Depends: libkdecorations2private10 (= 4:5.27.5-2) but it is not installed
libkf5auth5 : Depends: libkf5auth-data (= 5.103.0-1) but 5.78.0-2 is installed
libkf5authcore5 : Depends: libkf5auth-data (= 5.103.0-1) but 5.78.0-2 is installed
libkf5iconthemes5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
Recommends: libkf5iconthemes-bin (= 5.103.0-1) but 5.78.0-2 is installed
libkf5waylandclient5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libkf5xmlgui5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
Recommends: libkf5xmlgui-bin (= 5.103.0-1) but 5.78.0-2 is installed
libkscreenlocker5 : Depends: libkf5configqml5 (>= 5.94.0) but it is not installed
Depends: libkf5screendpms8 (>= 4:5.26.90) but it is not installed
Depends: liblayershellqtinterface5 (>= 5.27.5~) but it is not installed
libmutter-11-0 : Depends: libgnome-desktop-3-20 (>= 3.36.0) but it is not installed
Depends: libinput10 (>= 1.19.1) but 1.16.4-3 is installed
Depends: libwacom9 (>= 2.0.0) but it is not installed
libopengl0 : Depends: libglvnd0 (= 1.6.0-1) but 1.3.2-1 is installed
libpam-systemd : Depends: systemd (= 252.6-1) but 247.3-7+deb11u2 is installed
libpulse-mainloop-glib0 : Depends: libpulse0 (= 16.1+dfsg1-2+b1) but 14.2-2 is installed
libqt5dbus5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5designer5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5gui5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5network5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5positioning5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5printsupport5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5qml5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5qmlmodels5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5quick5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5quickcontrols2-5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5quickparticles5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5quicktemplates2-5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5quickwidgets5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5sensors5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5sql5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5sql5-sqlite : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5svg5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5test5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5texttospeech5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5waylandclient5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5waylandcompositor5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5webchannel5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5webkit5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5widgets5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libqt5x11extras5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
libqt5xml5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
libshumate-1.0-1 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
libwebkit2gtk-4.1-0 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
libwebkitgtk-6.0-4 : Depends: libsoup-3.0-0 (>= 3.0.3) but it is not installed
plasma-pa : Depends: pulseaudio but it is not installed
pulseaudio-module-gsettings : Depends: pulseaudio (= 14.2-2) but it is not installed
python3-pyqt5 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-org-kde-kirigami2 : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qt-labs-platform : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qtgraphicaleffects : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
qml-module-qtquick-controls : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qtquick-controls2 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qtquick-dialogs : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qtquick-layouts : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qtquick-privatewidgets : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
qml-module-qtquick-templates2 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
qtwayland5 : Depends: libqt5core5a (>= 5.15.8+dfsg~) but 5.15.2+dfsg-9 is installed
Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
software-properties-common : Depends: python3-software-properties (= 0.99.30-4) but 0.96.20.2-2.1 is installed
xdg-desktop-portal-gnome : Depends: xdg-desktop-portal (>= 1.15.0) but 1.8.1-1 is installed
xdg-desktop-portal-kde : Depends: qtbase-abi-5-15-8
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
有什么解决办法吗...？
更新：没有任何方法得到帮助。我只是从头开始安装 Debian 12。谢谢大家
答案1
本周，当我尝试升级 2 个 Debian 虚拟机（都运行 KDE 作为桌面环境）时，我遇到了同样的错误。
对我来说解决这个问题的是，首先运行：
dpkg -i --force-overwrite /var/cache/apt/archives/software-properties-qt_0.99.30-4_all.deb
这做过安装上面的包但最终出现了一些其他错误。
我接着说：
apt --fix-broken install
然后是：
apt full-upgrade
在这个阶段，我有一个完全升级的操作系统（即重新运行时不再出现警告或错误apt full-upgrade）。
我跟进了这一点，以摆脱旧的未使用的软件包：
apt --purge autoremove
然而，如果您实际上使用的是 KDE DE，您可能会发现，由于某种原因，在这个阶段，升级可能仍然会给您留下一个损坏的 KDE 桌面环境。即：
在第一个虚拟机上，重新启动后，一旦系统达到图形目标，我就会看到黑屏，并且不会响应任何组合键。我必须重新启动到较旧的内核并选择 Gnome DE 才能进入图形环境。
在第二个虚拟机上，我进入了登录屏幕，但只有 Gnome DE 选项可用；没有 KDE。
因此，为了避免最后一个问题，您可以重新安装 KDE重新启动之前:
apt install task-kde-desktop
PS 如果您跳过最后一步并遇到 KDE 损坏的问题，您可能需要在重新启动后重新安装它并以某种方式重新进入系统，或者通过之前可能已安装的替代 DE （就像我所做的那样）或者通过选择 GRUB 菜单 --> 高级选项 --> 恢复模式，然后在登录到会话后runlevel 1切换runlevel 3到systemctl isolate multi-user.target.从那里您可以获得网络访问权限，这将允许您安装您缺少的任何软件包。