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如何利用叠加功能在 Beamer 中实现突出显示

tag-icon • tag-icon beamer overlays soul
如何利用叠加功能在 Beamer 中实现突出显示

我正在尝试使用 soul 包通过 获得突出显示\hl{some text}。我想在 beamer 的覆盖层中执行此操作。我正在尝试遵循 beamer 手册第 9.6.1 节中的指导原则，以使\hl命令覆盖层可识别。我正在使用

\renewcommand<>{\hl}[1]{\only#2{\beameroriginal{\hl}}{#1}}

这种设置有点可行，但不完全可行。

  • 该\hl命令在 xelatex 中支持叠加，但在 pdflatex 或 lualatex 中不支持。我通常使用 lualatex，所以这是我的偏好。(彼得·格里尔已在回答的前半部分讨论了这一部分）
  • 覆盖层往往会稍微重新排列文本，从而使突出显示的文本以一种尴尬的方式从一张幻灯片跳到另一张幻灯片。如果您通过 xelatex 运行下面的示例，您就会看到这一点。（实际上，您会在所有引擎中看到它，但只有 xelatex 中的突出显示）。（Peter 在他的回答的 TikZ 部分中提到了这一点）

我已附上该问题的 MWE，我确信这是我的一些简单无知，但我似乎无法解决。

\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}

\usepackage{xcolor,soul}
\definecolor{lightblue}{rgb}{.90,.95,1}
\sethlcolor{lightblue}
\renewcommand<>{\hl}[1]{\only#2{\beameroriginal{\hl}}{#1}}

\begin{document}
\begin{frame} {Some possibly highlighted text}

This is some normal text

\hl<2>{I'd like this text to appear on both slides, but only be
  highlighted from the second slide}

\hl<3>{I'd like this text to appear on both slides, but only be
  highlighted from the second slide.  This is a long one, so it should
be more than one line}

This is some normal text
\end{frame}
\end{document}

答案1

使用soul包：

看起来问题在于beamer重新定义了事物。使用来自的补丁为什么投影机里的灵魂着色不可见似乎有效：

在此处输入图片描述

使用tikz包：

正如 Andrew Stacey 在评论中提到的那样，也有一个tikzmark解决方案。使用来自的代码如何使用 tikz“突出显示”文本/公式？，我们得到：

在此处输入图片描述

笔记：

  • 使用此解决方案，各个框架之间的文本是相同的。

  • 这需要对代码进行轻微调整如何使用 tikz“突出显示”文本/公式？.highlighter width增加形式为12pt：

      highlighter width/.initial=14pt

    如果没有这个，第二段突出显示的行之间就会有额外的间距。

  • 这确实需要两次运行。第一次确定位置，第二次进行绘图。

  • 来自\tikzmark​在正文旁边添加大括号。

进一步增强：

代码 （soul）：

\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}

\usepackage{xcolor,soul}
\definecolor{lightblue}{rgb}{.90,.95,1}
\sethlcolor{lightblue}
\renewcommand<>{\hl}[1]{\only#2{\beameroriginal{\hl}}{#1}}

% https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/41683/why-is-it-that-coloring-in-soul-in-beamer-is-not-visible
\makeatletter
\newcommand\SoulColor{%
  \let\set@color\beamerorig@set@color
  \let\reset@color\beamerorig@reset@color}
\makeatother
\SoulColor

\begin{document}
\begin{frame} {Some possibly highlighted text}

This is some normal text

\hl<2>{I'd like this text to appear on both slides, but only be
  highlighted from the second slide}

\hl<3>{I'd like this text to appear on both slides, but only be
  highlighted from the second slide.  This is a long one, so it should
be more than one line}

This is some normal text
\end{frame}
\end{document}

代码 （tikz）：

\documentclass[presentation]{beamer}
\usepackage{xcolor}

%  https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/46434/how-to-highlight-text-formals-with-tikz
\usepackage{tikz}
\makeatletter
%
% Highlighter code
%

\tikzset{%
  remember picture with id/.style={%
    remember picture,
    overlay,
    save picture id=#1,
  },
  save picture id/.code={%
    \edef\pgf@temp{#1}%
    \immediate\write\pgfutil@auxout{%
      \noexpand\savepointas{\pgf@temp}{\pgfpictureid}}%
  }
}

\def\savepointas#1#2{%
  \expandafter\gdef\csname save@pt@#1\endcsname{#2}%
}

\tikzdeclarecoordinatesystem{pic}{%
  \@ifundefined{save@pt@#1}{%
    \pgfpointorigin
  }{%
  \pgfsys@getposition{\csname save@pt@#1\endcsname}\save@orig@pic%
  \pgfsys@getposition{\pgfpictureid}\save@this@pic%
  \pgf@process{\pgfpointorigin\save@this@pic}%
  \pgf@xa=\pgf@x
  \pgf@ya=\pgf@y
  \pgf@process{\pgfpointorigin\save@orig@pic}%
  \advance\pgf@x by -\pgf@xa
  \advance\pgf@y by -\pgf@ya
  }%
}

\newcounter{highlight}
\newcommand{\hlstart}{\tikz[remember picture with id=hlstart\the\value{highlight},baseline=-0.7ex];\hl@start}
\newcommand{\hlend}{\tikz[remember picture with id=hlend\the\value{highlight},baseline=-0.7ex];\hl@end\stepcounter{highlight}}
\newcommand{\fdstart}{\tikz[remember picture with id=hlstart\the\value{highlight},baseline=-0.7ex];\fd@start}
\newcommand{\fdend}{\tikz[remember picture with id=hlend\the\value{highlight},baseline=-0.7ex];\fd@end\stepcounter{highlight}}
\newcommand{\vlstart}{\tikz[remember picture with id=hlstart\the\value{highlight},baseline=-1em];\vl@start}
\newcommand{\vlend}{\tikz[remember picture with id=hlend\the\value{highlight},baseline=0.3ex];\vl@end\stepcounter{highlight}}

\newcommand{\hl@start}[1][]{%
  \hl@draw{highlighter}{#1}{\the\value{highlight}}}

\newcommand{\hl@end}{}

\newcommand{\fd@start}[1][]{%
  \def\fd@args{#1}}

\newcommand{\fd@end}{\def\@tempa{\hl@draw{fader}}\expandafter\@tempa\expandafter{\fd@args}{\the\value{highlight}}\def\fd@args{}}

\newcommand{\vl@start}[1][]{%
  \vl@draw{highlighter}{#1}{\the\value{highlight}}}

\newcommand{\vl@end}{}


\def\hl@sets{%
  \edef\hl@sx{\the\pgf@x}%
  \edef\hl@sy{\the\pgf@y}%
}
\def\hl@sete{%
  \edef\hl@ex{\the\pgf@x}%
  \edef\hl@ey{\the\pgf@y}%
}

\@ifclassloaded{beamer}{

\def\page@node{
  \path (current page.south east)
      ++(-\beamer@rightmargin,\footheight)
  node[
    minimum width=\textwidth,
    minimum height=\textheight,
    anchor=south east
  ] (page) {};
}

}{

  \def\page@node{
    \path (current page.north west)
    ++(\hoffset + 1in + \oddsidemargin + \leftskip,\voffset + 1in + \topmargin + \headheight + \headsep)
    node[
      minimum width=\textwidth - \leftskip - \rightskip,
      minimum height=\textheight,
      anchor=north west
    ] (page) {};
  }

}

\newcommand{\hl@draw}[3]{%
  \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]%
  \page@node
  \tikzset{#2,highlight=#1,every path/.append style={highlight=#1}}%
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@width}{\the\pgflinewidth - 1pt}%
  \coordinate (hlstart) at (pic cs:hlstart#3);
  \coordinate (hlend) at (pic cs:hlend#3);
  \tikz@scan@one@point\hl@sets(pic cs:hlstart#3)
  \tikz@scan@one@point\hl@sete(pic cs:hlend#3)
  \ifdim\hl@sy=\hl@ey\relax
  \draw (hlstart) -- (hlend);
  \else
  \draw (hlstart) -- (hlstart -| page.east);
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@sy}{\hl@sy -\hl@width}%
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@ey}{\hl@ey +\hl@width}%
  \loop\ifdim\hl@sy>\hl@ey\relax
  \draw (0,\hl@sy -| page.west) -- (0,\hl@sy -| page.east);
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@sy}{\hl@sy -\hl@width}%
  \repeat
  \draw (hlend -| page.west) -- (hlend);
  \fi
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}

\newcommand{\vl@draw}[3]{%
  \begin{tikzpicture}[remember picture,overlay]%
  \page@node
  \tikzset{#2,highlight=#1,every path/.append style={highlight=#1}}%
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@width}{\the\pgflinewidth - 1pt}%
  \coordinate (hlstart) at (pic cs:hlstart#3);
  \coordinate (hlend) at (pic cs:hlend#3);
  \tikz@scan@one@point\hl@sets(pic cs:hlstart#3)
  \tikz@scan@one@point\hl@sete(pic cs:hlend#3)
  \ifdim\hl@sx=\hl@ex\relax
  \draw (hlstart) -- (hlend);
  \else
  \draw (hlstart) -- (hlstart |- page.south);
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@sx}{\hl@sx -\hl@width}%
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@ex}{\hl@ex +\hl@width}%
  \loop\ifdim\hl@sx>\hl@ex\relax
  \draw (\hl@sx,0 |- page.north) -- (\hl@sx,0 |- page.south);
  \pgfmathsetlengthmacro{\hl@sx}{\hl@sx -\hl@width}%
  \repeat
  \draw (hlend |- page.north) -- (hlend);
  \fi
  \end{tikzpicture}%
}

\tikzset{%
  highlight/.default=highlighter,
  highlight/.style={
    color=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/#1 colour},
    line width=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/#1 width},
    line cap=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/#1 cap},
    opacity=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/#1 opacity},
  },
  highlighter colour/.initial=yellow,
  highlighter width/.initial=14pt,% <-- Tweak (was 12pt)
  highlighter cap/.initial=butt,
  highlighter opacity/.initial=1,
  fader colour/.initial=gray,
  fader width/.initial=12pt,
  fader cap/.initial=butt,
  fader opacity/.initial=.5,
}



\@ifclassloaded{beamer}{

%% Beamer variants

\setbeamercolor{highlighted text}{bg=yellow}
\setbeamercolor{faded text}{fg=gray}

\newcommand<>{\highlight}[2][]{%
  \only#3{\hlstart[#1]}#2\only#3{\hlend}}

\newcommand<>{\fade}[2][]{%
  \only#3{\fdstart[#1]}#2\only#3{\fdend}}

\newcommand<>{\vhighlight}[2][]{%
  \only#3{\vlstart[#1]}#2\only#3{\vlend}}

}{

\newcommand{\highlight}[2][]{%
\hlstart[#1]#2\hlend}

\newcommand{\fade}[2][]{%
\fdstart[#1]#2\fdend}

\newcommand{\vhighlight}[2][]{%
\vlstart[#1]#2\vlend}

}


\begin{document}
\begin{frame} {Some possibly highlighted text}

This is some normal text

\highlight<2>{I'd like this text to appear on both slides, but only be
  highlighted from the second slide}

\highlight<3>{I'd like this text to appear on both slides, but only be
  highlighted from the second slide.  This is a long one, so it should
be more than one line}

This is some normal text
\end{frame}
\end{document}

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