为什么即使有预先接受所有包裹的规则,包裹也会被拒绝?

为什么即使有预先接受所有包裹的规则,包裹也会被拒绝?

最后,我只是在阅读 iptables。我有点困惑,因为过滤器表(已安装,fedora 17)的输入链如下所示:

target     prot opt source               destination         
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ACCEPT     icmp --  anywhere             anywhere            
ACCEPT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere            
ACCEPT     udp  --  anywhere             224.0.0.251          state NEW udp dpt:mdns
REJECT     all  --  anywhere             anywhere             reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

从我读到的内容来看,第三条规则应该只接受任何内容,但事实并非如此(我必须禁用 iptables 以允许访问 sshd 或 https 服务器)。所有其他表的所有其他链都是策略接受,没有规则,除了过滤器转发它拒绝一切。

那么 ACCEPT 到底做了什么?

iptables -v -L

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
36625   38M ACCEPT     all  --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere             state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
    0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere            
    1    60 ACCEPT     all  --  lo     any     anywhere             anywhere            
    0     0 ACCEPT     udp  --  any    any     anywhere             224.0.0.251          state NEW udp dpt:mdns
  534 73926 REJECT     all  --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere             reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
    0     0 REJECT     all  --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere             reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT 31484 packets, 3973K bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination

所以这对我来说意味着第三条规则实际上只适用于环回接口? [是的]

答案1

ACCEPT目标是允许数据包通过 NetFilter 的终止目标。这REJECT是一个终止目标,它有效地禁止数据包通过并导致 ICMP 响应发送到数据包发起者。如果您使用“iptables -v -L”命令列出表,则示例中的第三条规则很可能如下所示:

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT 0 packets, 0 bytes)
 pkts bytes target     prot opt in     out     source               destination         
  639  304K ACCEPT     all  --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere             state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
    0     0 ACCEPT     icmp --  any    any     anywhere             anywhere            
  101  7798 ACCEPT     all  --  lo     any     anywhere             anywhere            

该列中in有一个规则匹配的接口。对于第三条规则,它是lo接口,因此该规则允许接口上的任何流量loopback,这是正确的,否则您将无法通过地址访问任何本地主机TCP服务。UDPlocalhost

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