tikz 和 mdframed + 阴影和着色

Question

我感兴趣的是页面之间的方框文字第二版：带有 mdframed 的练习框。如何添加：垂直阴影框架标题和带有阴影的垂直阴影框？

是的，我在这里看到了几个阴影和垂直阴影的例子，但它们使用的样式我无法放入 mdframed 中。

这是另一个例子。2 个问题：1.我如何才能改变圆形标题框阴影的大小？2.我如何才能删除那个红色的标题框？或者另一种方法是从顶部开始着色，包括矩形标题框

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[a5paper]{geometry}
\usepackage[framemethod=tikz]{mdframed}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows.blur}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.symbols}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usepackage{lipsum}
\newcounter{exe}

\newenvironment{Fancybox}[1][.5\textwidth]
{%
    \stepcounter{exe}%
  \mdfsetup{%
      frametitle={%
      \tikz[baseline=(current bounding box.east),outer sep=8pt]
      \node[draw=blue!40,anchor=east,rectangle, thick,font=\color{black}, double,
       top color=blue!40,
                    bottom color=blue!5,
                    rounded corners=8pt,
                    drop shadow,
                    ]
        {\strut Exercise~\theexe};},%
    skipabove=\topskip,
    skipbelow=\topskip,
    innertopmargin=1pt,
    apptotikzsetting={\tikzset{mdfbackground/.append style={top color=blue!40, bottom color=white}}},
    linecolor=blue,%
    innerlinewidth=1pt,
    topline=true,
    shadow=true,
    rightline=true,innerleftmargin=10,innerrightmargin=10,
    frametitlerule=false,
    frametitlebackgroundcolor=red,
    shadowcolor=blue!40,
    frametitleaboveskip=\dimexpr-\ht\strutbox\relax,
    roundcorner=5pt,
    singleextra={\path let \p1=(P), \p2=(O) in node[fill=blue!40,font=\color{black}] at (P|-0,0.5*\y2+0.5*\y1) {$\clubsuit$};}
  }
  \begin{mdframed}[userdefinedwidth=#1]\allowdisplaybreaks\relax%
}
{\end{mdframed}}

\begin{document}
\lipsum[1-4]
\begin{Fancybox}[1\textwidth]
         \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u\cos\psi -v\sin\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\sin\psi + v\cos\psi
        \end{align}
        For small angles the following approximation can be used:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u -v\delta_\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\delta_\psi + v
        \end{align}
\end{Fancybox}
\begin{Fancybox}[1\textwidth]
         \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u\cos\psi -v\sin\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\sin\psi + v\cos\psi
        \end{align}
        For small angles the following approximation can be used:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u -v\delta_\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\delta_\psi + v
        \end{align}
\end{Fancybox}


\end{document}

Answer 1

一个选项是使用singleextra,firstextra来放置标题，而不是frametitle; 这样，您可以轻松获得所需的背景阴影效果。要控制阴影属性，您可以使用所有可用的键，例如scale, xshift, yshift（请参阅 PGF 手册）。对于没有分页符的框架，在右侧垂直中间添加了一个装饰（根据评论中的要求）：

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage[a6paper]{geometry}% just for the example
\usepackage[framemethod=tikz]{mdframed}
\usepackage{amsmath,amssymb}
\usetikzlibrary{calc}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows.blur}
\usetikzlibrary{shapes.symbols}
\usetikzlibrary{shadows}

\newcounter{exe}

\newenvironment{Fancybox}[1][\textwidth]
{\stepcounter{exe}%
  \mdfsetup{
      singleextra={%
      \node[draw=blue!40,anchor=east,rectangle, thick,font=\color{black}, double,
       top color=blue!40,
                    bottom color=blue!5,
                    rounded corners=8pt,
                    drop shadow={shadow xshift=1.5pt, shadow yshift=-1.5pt},anchor=west
] at ([xshift=20pt]O|-P)
        {\strut Example~\theexe};
\path let \p1=(P), \p2=(O) in node[fill=blue!40,font=\color{white}] at (P|-0,0.5*\y2+0.5*\y1) {$\clubsuit$};},%
      firstextra={%
      \node[draw=blue!40,anchor=east,rectangle, thick,font=\color{black}, double,
       top color=blue!40,
                    bottom color=blue!5,
                    rounded corners=8pt,
                    drop shadow={shadow xshift=1.5pt, shadow yshift=-1.5pt},anchor=west
] at ([xshift=20pt]O|-P)
        {\strut Example~\theexe};},%
    skipabove=\topskip,
    skipbelow=\topskip,
    innertopmargin=18pt,
    linecolor=red,%
    innerlinewidth=0.8pt,
    topline=true,
apptotikzsetting={\tikzset{mdfbackground/.append style={%
shade,top color=blue!35, bottom color=white}}},
    frametitleaboveskip=\dimexpr-\ht\strutbox\relax,
    roundcorner=5pt,
    linecolor=blue,%
    innerlinewidth=1pt,
    topline=true,
    shadow=true,
    rightline=true,innerleftmargin=10,innerrightmargin=10,
    shadowcolor=blue!40,
  }
  \begin{mdframed}[userdefinedwidth=#1]\relax%
}
{\end{mdframed}}

\begin{document}

\begin{Fancybox}
        To calculate the horizontal position the kinematic differential
        equations are needed:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u\cos\psi -v\sin\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\sin\psi + v\cos\psi
        \end{align}
        For small angles the following approximation can be used:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u -v\delta_\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\delta_\psi + v
        \end{align}
\end{Fancybox}

\begin{Fancybox}
        To calculate the horizontal position the kinematic differential
        equations are needed:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u\cos\psi -v\sin\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\sin\psi + v\cos\psi
        \end{align}
        For small angles the following approximation can be used:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u -v\delta_\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\delta_\psi + v
        \end{align}
        For small angles the following approximation can be used:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u -v\delta_\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\delta_\psi + v
        \end{align}
\end{Fancybox}

\begin{Fancybox}[7cm]
        To calculate the horizontal position the kinematic differential equations are needed:
        \begin{align}
            \dot{n} &= u -v\delta_\psi \\
            \dot{e} &= u\delta_\psi + v
        \end{align}
\end{Fancybox}

\end{document}