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如何绘制条形图和饼图

tag-icon • tag-icon tikz-pgf graphs bar-chart pgf-pie
如何绘制条形图和饼图

我想在文档中包含下面提到的两个图表。

条形图 饼形图

我能够使用 pgf-pie 绘制饼图。是否有任何软件包能够同时生成条形图和饼图？[也包含在默认 LATEX 安装中]？

答案1

对于条形图，您可以使用 pgfplots 通过 TikZ，您可以设置一些宏，以便您可以编写如下饼图：

\begin{tikzpicture}
[
    pie chart,
    slice type={comet}{blu},
    slice type={legno}{rosso},
    slice type={coltello}{giallo},
    slice type={sedia}{viola},
    slice type={caffe}{verde},
    pie values/.style={font={\small}},
    scale=2
]

    \pie{2008}{73/comet,13/legno,7/sedia,7/coltello}
    \pie[xshift=2.2cm,values of coltello/.style={pos=1.1}]%
        {2009}{52/comet,23/legno,17/sedia,3/coltello,5/caffe}
    \pie[xshift=4.4cm,values of caffe/.style={pos=1.1}]%
        {2010}{56/comet,26/legno,9/sedia,7/coltello,2/caffe}

    \legend[shift={(0cm,-1cm)}]{{Comet (Pordenone)}/comet, {Wood and furniture (Livenza)}/legno, {Knife (Maniago)}/coltello}
    \legend[shift={(3cm,-1cm)}]{{Chair (Manzano)}/sedia, {Coffee (Trieste)}/caffe}

\end{tikzpicture}

获取

饼图示例

所需的宏\pie和\legend所有键可以定义如下：

\definecolor{rosso}{RGB}{220,57,18}
\definecolor{giallo}{RGB}{255,153,0}
\definecolor{blu}{RGB}{102,140,217}
\definecolor{verde}{RGB}{16,150,24}
\definecolor{viola}{RGB}{153,0,153}

\makeatletter

\tikzstyle{chart}=[
    legend label/.style={font={\scriptsize},anchor=west,align=left},
    legend box/.style={rectangle, draw, minimum size=5pt},
    axis/.style={black,semithick,->},
    axis label/.style={anchor=east,font={\tiny}},
]

\tikzstyle{bar chart}=[
    chart,
    bar width/.code={
        \pgfmathparse{##1/2}
        \global\let\bar@w\pgfmathresult
    },
    bar/.style={very thick, draw=white},
    bar label/.style={font={\bf\small},anchor=north},
    bar value/.style={font={\footnotesize}},
    bar width=.75,
]

\tikzstyle{pie chart}=[
    chart,
    slice/.style={line cap=round, line join=round, very thick,draw=white},
    pie title/.style={font={\bf}},
    slice type/.style 2 args={
        ##1/.style={fill=##2},
        values of ##1/.style={}
    }
]

\pgfdeclarelayer{background}
\pgfdeclarelayer{foreground}
\pgfsetlayers{background,main,foreground}


\newcommand{\pie}[3][]{
    \begin{scope}[#1]
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\curA}{90}
    \pgfmathsetmacro{\r}{1}
    \def\c{(0,0)}
    \node[pie title] at (90:1.3) {#2};
    \foreach \v/\s in{#3}{
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\deltaA}{\v/100*360}
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\nextA}{\curA + \deltaA}
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\midA}{(\curA+\nextA)/2}

        \path[slice,\s] \c
            -- +(\curA:\r)
            arc (\curA:\nextA:\r)
            -- cycle;
        \pgfmathsetmacro{\d}{max((\deltaA * -(.5/50) + 1) , .5)}

        \begin{pgfonlayer}{foreground}
        \path \c -- node[pos=\d,pie values,values of \s]{$\v\%$} +(\midA:\r);
        \end{pgfonlayer}

        \global\let\curA\nextA
    }
    \end{scope}
}

\newcommand{\legend}[2][]{
    \begin{scope}[#1]
    \path
        \foreach \n/\s in {#2}
            {
                  ++(0,-10pt) node[\s,legend box] {} +(5pt,0) node[legend label] {\n}
            }
    ;
    \end{scope}
}

此代码需要完善，并且不太通用，但我将其分享，因为我为帮助排版的文档编写了此代码。如果您喜欢，我们可以制作更好的版本。

答案2

使用 PSTricks

\documentclass[pstricks,border=3pt]{standalone}
\degrees[100]
\newcounter{counter}
\SpecialCoor
\newcommand\data[2][gray]{%
    \pswedge[fillstyle=solid,fillcolor=#1,opacity=.5](0,0){4}{!\thecounter}{!\thecounter\space #2 add}%
    \uput{2}[!#2 2 div \thecounter\space add](0,0){#2\%}%
    \addtocounter{counter}{#2}%
}

\begin{document}
\begin{pspicture}(-4.5,-4.5)(4.5,4.5)
    \data[red]{10}
    \data[orange]{40}
    \data[yellow]{30}
    \data[blue]{20}
\end{pspicture}
\end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

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