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TikZ 中的交换图中的图形

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TikZ 中的交换图中的图形

我想用 tikz 画一个菱形交换图。我想在图中画一些简单的图形（只有边和顶点），而不是字母。我试了一些东西，但图看起来仍然很丑。有什么办法让它看起来更流畅吗？

\documentclass[a4paper,12pt]{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usepackage{tikz-cd}
\usetikzlibrary{matrix,arrows}

     \begin{document}

       \begin{center}
         \begin{tikzcd}
          & 
          \begin{tikzpicture}%B
        [every node/.style={circle,fill=black,inner sep=3pt}]
          \node (a) at (0,0) {};
          \node (b) at (0,-1)  {};
          \node[olive] (d) at (1,0)  {};
          \node[olive] (f) at (0,1)  {};

          \foreach \from/\to in {a/b,a/d,a/f}
            \draw (\from) -- (\to);
        \end{tikzpicture}
         \arrow{dr} &\\

          \begin{tikzpicture}%A
        [every node/.style={circle,fill=black, inner sep=3pt}]
          \node (a) at (0,0.5) {};
          \node (b) at (0,-0.5)  {};

          \foreach \from/\to in {a/b}
            \draw (\from) -- (\to);
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \arrow{ur} \arrow{dr} & &
        \begin{tikzpicture}%Amalgam
        [every node/.style={circle,fill=black, inner sep=3pt}]
          \node (a) at (1,1) {};
          \node (b) at (1,0)  {};
          \node[orange] (c) at (0.125,0.5) {};
          \node[olive] (d) at (2,1)  {};
          \node[orange] (e) at (1.7,1.7) {};
          \node[olive] (f) at (1,2)  {};

          \foreach \from/\to in {a/b, a/c,a/d,a/e,a/f,c/b}
            \draw (\from) -- (\to);
        \end{tikzpicture}\\
         &
         \begin{tikzpicture}%C
        [every node/.style={circle,fill=black, inner sep=3pt}]
          \node (a) at (1,1) {};
          \node (b) at (1,0)  {};
          \node[orange] (c) at (0.125,0.5) {};
          \node[orange] (e) at (1.7,1.7) {};

          \foreach \from/\to in {a/b,a/c,a/e,c/b}
            \draw (\from) -- (\to);
        \end{tikzpicture}
        \arrow{ur}
        &\\
         \end{tikzcd}
        \end{center}
    \end{document}

在此处输入图片描述

答案1

这个怎么样？

代码

\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{arrows}

\begin{document}

\begin{tikzpicture}
[   every node/.style={circle,inner sep=2.5pt,fill=black,outer sep=0pt},
    hull/.style={draw=gray!20,fill=none,inner sep=0.6cm},
    scale=0.5,
]
    %B
    \begin{scope}[shift={(30:6)}]
    \node (a) at (0,0) {};
    \node (b) at (0,-1)  {};
    \node[olive] (d) at (1,0)  {};
    \node[olive] (f) at (0,1)  {};
    \foreach \to in {b,d,f} \draw (a) -- (\to);
    \node[hull] (B) at (0,0) {};
  \end{scope}
  %A
  \begin{scope}[shift={(0:0)}]
    \node (a) at (0,0) {};
    \node (b) at (0,-1)  {};
    \draw (a) -- (b);
    \node[hull] (A) {};
    \end{scope}     
    %Amalgam
  \begin{scope}[shift={(0:{12*cos(30)})}]
    \node (a) at (0,0) {};
    \node (b) at (0,-1)  {};
    \node[orange] (c) at (-0.866,-0.5) {};
    \node[olive] (d) at (1,0)  {};
    \node[orange] (e) at (0.707,0.707) {};
    \node[olive] (f) at (0,1) {};
    \foreach \from/\to in {a/b, a/c, a/d, a/e, a/f, c/b} \draw (\from) -- (\to);
    \node[hull] (Amalgam) at (0,0) {};
  \end{scope}
  %C
    \begin{scope}[shift={(-30:6)}]
    \node (a) at (0,0) {};
    \node (b) at (0,-1)  {};
    \node[orange] (c) at (-0.866,-0.5) {};
    \node[orange] (e) at (0.707,0.707) {};
    \foreach \from/\to in {a/b, a/c, a/e, c/b} \draw (\from) -- (\to);
    \node[hull] (C) at (0,0) {};
    \end{scope}
    \foreach \from/\to in {A/B, A/C, B/Amalgam, C/Amalgam} \draw[-latex] (\from) -- (\to);
\end{tikzpicture}

\end{document}

输出

在此处输入图片描述

答案2

如同汤姆·邦巴迪尔的回答但有很大不同。

首先：嵌套 TikZ 图片是个坏主意。不过，使用基本的 TikZ 矩阵，您可以将由节点和路径组成的迷你图片放在单元格中。但是，您无法引用整个单元格。

在这个解决方案中，container创建了一个节点样式，稍后将作为我们图表的根节点。每个容器将使用该aac样式来使用样式的特殊设置append after command。该设置是一个特殊的局部坐标系，其中心位于节点的中心，X和是向量分别指向east和north锚点。这允许局部坐标系变换，尤其是随根节点旋转。我们也可以只使用值my Size来设置坐标系，或者使用path picture或……

键settings包含容器中我们迷你图片的基本选项。然后是三个键base，top并bottom配置迷你图片的各个部分。然后将它们与aac键一起使用来构建迷你图片。

代码

\documentclass[tikz]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{calc,positioning}
\tikzset{aac/.style={
    append after command={[shift=(\tikzlastnode.center),
      x={($(\tikzlastnode.east)-(\tikzlastnode.center)$)},
      y={($(\tikzlastnode.north)-(\tikzlastnode.center)$)}, #1]}}}
\tikzset{
  my Size/.initial=+3mm, my distance/.initial=.6,
  declare function={my_dist=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/my distance};},
  container/.style={shape=circle, draw=gray, inner sep=+0pt, label={#1},
    minimum size={8*(\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/my Size})}},
  settings/.style={every edge/.append style={-},
    nodes={draw, fill, shape=circle, inner sep=+0pt,
      minimum size=\pgfkeysvalueof{/tikz/my Size}}},
  base/.style={insert path={[settings]
    node (b1)                  {}
    node (b2) at (-90:my_dist) {} edge (b1)}},
  top/.style={insert path={
    node[olive] (t1) at (90:my_dist) {} edge (b1)
    node[olive] (t2) at ( 0:my_dist) {} edge (b1)}},
  bottom/.style={insert path={
    node[orange] (bo1) at (-90-60:my_dist) {} edge (b1) edge (b2)
    node[orange] (bo2) at (    45:my_dist) {} edge (b1)}}}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[thick, node distance=+.25cm and +1.5cm, latex-]
  \node[container=base,           aac=base]                         (l) {};
  \node[container={base and top}, aac={base,top}, above right=of l] (t) {}  edge (l);
  \node[container=below:{base and bottom}, aac={base,bottom}, below right=of l] (b) {}
                                                                            edge (l);
  \node[container=all, aac={base,bottom,top}, below right=of t] {} edge (t) edge (b);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}

输出

在此处输入图片描述

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