将参数传递给 tikz 图片？

Question

我写了一个 tikz 图表，它位于其自己的专用文件中。我想多次将此文件包含到我的文档中，每次突出显示其中的不同节点。我尝试定义一个宏来检查参数，但遗憾的是，路径内的宏扩展不起作用。还有其他想法吗？

这是我的代码：

  {
  \usetikzlibrary{arrows}
  \usetikzlibrary{mindmap}
  \begin{tikzpicture}[level 1/.append style={level distance=5ex,sibling angle=90}]
  \small\it
  \tikzstyle{show}=[draw,rectangle,thin,rounded corners]
  \node[show] {} 
    child {node[show] {Monomorphism} }
    child[missing]
    child {node[show] {Polymorphism}
      child { node[show] {Ad hoc}
    child {node[show] {Overloading} }
    child [missing]
    child {node[show] {Coercion}} 
    child [missing]
      }
      child [missing]
      child [missing]
      child [missing]
      child {node[show] {Universal}
    child {node[show] {Parametric} 
      child {node[show] {Polymorphic Functions}}
      child [missing]
      child [missing]
      child {node[show] {Polytypes}}
    }
    child[missing]
    child[missing]
    child {node[show] {Inclusion} child {node[show] {Subtype}}}
      }
    }
  ;
  \end{tikzpicture}
  }

Answer 1

首先，你必须给每个节点命名，语法如下

node[<options>] (<name>) {<node text}

我定义了一个宏\HighlightedNode，它保存要突出显示的节点的名称，并定义了第二个宏\Highlight来更改要突出显示的节点。突出显示只是在节点中心周围绘制的一个粗红色椭圆，如果您想要不同的东西，请告知。节点\TikzFig包含您的树和附加

\draw [ultra thick,red] (\HighlightedNode.center) circle [x radius=5em,y radius=1.5em];

从而产生突出显示。

使用 Martin Scharrer 定义的宏我如何知道某个节点是否已定义？我检查 定义的节点是否\HighlightedNode存在，然后才绘制高亮。通过定义\HighlightedNode为图片中不是节点名称的字符串，这实际上关闭了高亮。

我也从 改为\tikzstyle，\tikzset后者是推荐的。不要使用\it，这些双字母字体切换宏已被弃用，请改用\itshape。最后，\small\itshape我认为我会使用 ，而不是像你那样添加every node/.style={font=\small\itshape}。

\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{mindmap}

\newcommand\HighlightedNode{none}
\newcommand\Highlight[1]{\renewcommand\HighlightedNode{#1}}

\makeatletter % https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/37709/how-can-i-know-if-a-node-is-already-defined
\long\def\ifnodedefined#1#2#3{%
    \@ifundefined{pgf@sh@ns@#1}{#3}{#2}%
}
\makeatother

\newcommand\TikzFig{
  \begin{tikzpicture}[level 1/.append style={level distance=5ex,sibling angle=90},
  every node/.append style={font=\small\itshape}]
  \tikzset{show/.style={draw,rectangle,thin,rounded corners}}
  \node[show] {} 
    child {node[show] (mono) {Monomorphism} }
    child[missing]
    child {node[show] (poly) {Polymorphism}
      child { node[show] (adhoc) {Ad hoc}
    child {node[show] (overload) {Overloading} }
    child [missing]
    child {node[show] (coerce) {Coercion}} 
    child [missing]
      }
      child [missing]
      child [missing]
      child [missing]
      child {node[show] (uni) {Universal}
    child {node[show] (para) {Parametric} 
      child {node[show] (polyfunc) {Polymorphic Functions}}
      child [missing]
      child [missing]
      child {node[show] (polytype) {Polytypes}}
    }
    child[missing]
    child[missing]
    child {node[show] (inclusion) {Inclusion} child {node[show](subtype) {Subtype}}}
      }
    }
  ;
  \ifnodedefined{\HighlightedNode}{
    \draw [ultra thick,red] (\HighlightedNode.center) circle [x radius=5em,y radius=1.5em];}{}

  \end{tikzpicture}}
\begin{document}    

\TikzFig

\Highlight{poly}

\vspace{2cm}

\TikzFig

\Highlight{coerce}

\vspace{2cm}

\TikzFig

\end{document}

Answer 2

也许是一种基于节点名称的样式，可以激活某种highlight样式？

顺便说一句，看起来如果你正在使用missingchilds 来纠正树的间距。你可能对这个forest包感兴趣森林它会自动定位节点，并在它们之间留出适当的间距（还有更多）。不过，我认为这个解决方案不会奏效。

代码

\begin{filecontents*}{\jobname.tikz}
\begin{tikzpicture}[
  level 1/.append style={level distance=+5ex, sibling angle=90},
  show/.style={draw,rectangle,thin,rounded corners}]
\small\itshape
\path[nodes=show] node (r) {} 
  child {node {Monomorphism} } child [missing]
  child {node  {Polymorphism}
    child {node  {Ad hoc}
      child {node  {Overloading}}  child [missing]
      child {node  {Coercion}}     child [missing] }
    child [missing] child [missing] child [missing]
    child {node {Universal}
      child {node {Parametric} 
        child {node {Polymorphic Functions}}
        child [missing] child [missing]
        child {node {Polytypes}}}
      child[missing] child[missing]
      child {node {Inclusion} child {node {Subtype}}}}};
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{filecontents*}
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{tikz}
\usetikzlibrary{mindmap}
\tikzset{highlight/.style={draw=red, text=blue, fill=green!25}}
\makeatletter
\usepackage{etoolbox}
\patchcmd\tikz@@fig@main{\tikzset{every \tikz@shape\space node/.try}}{%
  \tikzset{every \tikz@shape\space node/.try}%
  \tikzset{every node named \tikz@fig@name/.try}%
}{}{}
\newcommand*\inpTikZ[2][]{%
  \begingroup
    \def\tikz@temp{#1}% is #1 empty?
    \ifx\tikz@temp\pgfutil@empty\else
      \tikzset{every node named #1/.append style=highlight}%
    \fi
    \input{#2}%
  \endgroup}
\makeatother
\begin{document}
\inpTikZ[r-1]{\jobname.tikz}

% r-2 is "missing"
\inpTikZ[r-3]{\jobname.tikz}

\inpTikZ[r-3-5]{\jobname.tikz}
\end{document}