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tag-icon • tag-icon longtable rotating multirow
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我终于完成了工作中一篇文章的转录，其中有一个很长的表格，里面有很多文字，由于操作系统（debian wheezy）的原因，必须在超级表格环境中构建（无法识别 tabularx + xtab）。这是表格的摘录，该表格连续多页，并且基本具有相同的结构。

      \documentclass[12pt,twoside]{article}
        \usepackage{rotating}
        \usepackage{supertabular} 
        \usepackage{multirow}
        \usepackage{array}

        \begin{supertabular}{| c | p{4cm} | p{11cm} |}
        \hline
        \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\textbf{Teoría}} & \textbf{Descripción} \\
        \hline
        \multirow{4}{*}[-3cm]{ \rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{ENFOQUES DE COMPORTAMIENTO}}
         & Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text. \\
        \cline{2-3}

        & Teoría sobre recompensas y castigos (líder positivo y líder negativo)(James Burns)  &  Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text.\\
        \cline{2-3}

        & Liderazgo autocrático, participativo(Víctor Vroom y Phillip Yetton) y laissez-faire (Kurt Lewin) & Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text.  \\
        \cline{2-3} 

        & Teoría del Grid Gerencial (Robert Blake y Jane Mounton) & Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text.\\
        \hline

    \multirow{3}{*}[-3cm]{ \rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{ENFOQUES DE CONTINGENCIA}}
         & Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text. \\
        \cline{2-3}


        & Long Title & Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text.  \\
        \cline{2-3} 

        & Long Title & Text Text Text Text  & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text  A lot of Text.\\
        \hline

\end{supertabular}
\end{document}

我的问题是，当单元格停止继续下一页时，文本不会继续，与页面底部重叠。我已经阅读了所有相关帖子但无法解决问题。

enter image description here

我的问题是多行中的垂直旋转标题不居中，当单元格停止继续下一页时，文本不会居中，并且会与页面底部重叠。我已经阅读了所有相关帖子，但无法解决问题。

答案1

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下面的代码仅尝试修复第一个问题。就目前的问题而言，我无法理解第二个问题到底是什么。

多行的问题

multirow通常需要手动进行垂直调整，如其手册中所述：

第 2 节，使用多行

几乎不可能正确处理降部。文本将设置为居中，但其基线可能与旁边内容的基线不匹配，特别是当旁边的内容有降部而文本没有时。这可能会导致轻微的错位。所能做的就是使用 fixup 可选参数对文本进行最后的修饰。（提示：如果您使用 .1ex 之类的度量，那么即使您更改点大小，修复仍然很有可能是正确的。）

因此，可以通过目测来解决这个问题\multirow{4}{*}[-14ex]{ \rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{ENFOQUES DE COMPORTAMIENTO}}，当然，这远非理想，但我建议对整个表格采用非常不同的方法。

建议

  • 不要混合垂直和水平书写。考虑一下你的读者。人们要么旋转页面，要么移动书颈。改用标题。添加一个\label{tab:example}，这会带来额外的好处，即能够自动引用表格，包括页码等，使用\ref{tab:example}或`\pageref{tab:example}。各种软件包也增强了这一点，比如cleverref。
  • 不要使用垂直线，除非阅读方向是垂直的。线条应遵循文本的方向。这可以让读者在页面上看到更自然的流动和移动。
  • 使用不同宽度的线条来区分表格的开始和结束行，以及更改的线条，这些线条具有更改或分隔表格内容的含义。 软件包中booktabs有一些定义非常精美的线条，以及许多其他内容，包括很好的建议。\toprule，\mudrule并且\bottomrule所有线条都具有出色的专业外观。
  • 根据内容，用行分隔表格中的内容可能有点过头了。在这些行之间添加一些额外的空间可以更自然、更舒适地进行区分。同样，从booktabs那里有一个命令，\addlinespace它有一个预定义的（当然是可更改的）空间，看起来非常漂亮。
  • 省点事。设置您自己的宏来格式化和重复内容。对于您的标题，我创建了一个名为的宏来\tableHeader{text}设置格式。这使标题的格式在所有表格中保持一致，如果您稍后决定要更改格式，例如，小写字母，您只需更改该宏，而不是更改每个表格的每个标题。

输出，原始修复与建议的改进

enter image description here

原始代码，已修复

\documentclass[12pt,twoside]{article} 
\usepackage{rotating} 
\usepackage{supertabular}
\usepackage{multirow}

\begin{document}

\begin{supertabular}{| c | p{4cm} | p{11cm} |} 

\hline 
\multicolumn{2}{|c|}{\textbf{Teoría}} & \textbf{Descripción} \\
\hline 
\multirow{4}{*}[-14ex]{ \rotatebox[origin=c]{90}{ENFOQUES DE COMPORTAMIENTO}} & Text Text Text Text & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text. \\ 
\cline{2-3}&&\\

& Teoría sobre recompensas y castigos (líder positivo y líder negativo)(James Burns) & Text Text Text Text  A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text.\\
\cline{2-3}&&\\

& Liderazgo autocrático, participativo(Víctor Vroom y Phillip Yetton) y laissez-faire (Kurt Lewin) & Text Text Text Text  A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text. \\ 
\cline{2-3}&&\\

& Teoría del Grid Gerencial (Robert Blake y Jane Mounton) & Text Text Text Text  A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text.\\ \hline
\end{supertabular}



\end{document}

代码，建议改进

\documentclass[12pt,twoside]{article} 
\usepackage{booktabs} 
\usepackage{caption}

\newcommand{\tableHeader}[1]{\textbf{#1}}

\begin{document}

\begin{table}
\caption{ENFOQUES DE COMPORTAMIENTO}
\begin{tabular}{ p{4cm}  p{11cm} } 

\toprule
\tableHeader{Teoría} & \tableHeader{Descripción} \\
\midrule 
Text Text Text Text & A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text. \\ 
\addlinespace

Teoría sobre recompensas y castigos (líder positivo y líder negativo)(James Burns) & Text Text Text Text  A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text.\\
\addlinespace

Liderazgo autocrático, participativo(Víctor Vroom y Phillip Yetton) y laissez-faire (Kurt Lewin) & Text Text Text Text  A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text. \\ 
\addlinespace

Teoría del Grid Gerencial (Robert Blake y Jane Mounton) & Text Text Text Text  A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text A lot of Text.\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}
\end{table}

\end{document}

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