我在 Linux Mint 下使用 TeXMaker，并尝试编译一个包含图形中的 pgfplot 的文档。我无法正确运行 shell-escape 命令。从我.log能够看到的，该shell-escape命令已执行，但之后不知何故失败了（请参阅日志文件，末尾的错误）。出现此错误后，“尺寸太大”导致pdflatex停止。我在序言中添加了以下命令：
\tikzexternalize[shell escape=-shell-escape]
\usepgfplotslibrary{external}
并编译为：
\usepgfplotslibrary{external}
我想要编制的图表是：
\begin{figure}
\center
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
,width=0.8\linewidth
,title={Phasenverschiebung $\phi (f)$}
,axis x line*=bottom
,axis y line*=left
,tick label style={font=\small}
,grid=both
,tick align=outside
,tickpos=left
,xlabel={Frequenz [Hz]}
,ylabel={Phasenverschiebung [$\pi$]}
,xmin=1
,xmax=2
,ymin=-1
,ymax=1
]
\addplot+[
,raw gnuplot
,myblue
,mark=o
%,smooth
,only marks
]
gnuplot {
plot './CONTENT/Test.dat' using 1:2;
};
\addlegendentry{$\phi$};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\caption{Phasenverschiebung in Abhängigkeit der Frequenz}
\label{fig:A}
\end{figure}
请参阅下面的日志：
(./CONTENT/arne_plot1.tex
\openout3 = `Sem_Main-figure0.md5'.
\openout3 = `Sem_Main.auxlock'.
===== 'mode=convert with system call': Invoking 'pdflatex -shell-escape -halt-o
n-error -interaction=batchmode -jobname "Sem_Main-figure0" "\def\tikzexternalrealjob{Sem_Main}\input{Sem_Main}"'
========runsystem(pdflatex -shell-escape -halt-on-error -interaction=batchmode -jobname "Sem_Main-figure0"\def\tikzexternalrealjob{Sem_Main}\input{Sem_Main}")...executed.
\openout3 = `Sem_Main.auxlock'.
! Package tikz Error: Sorry, the system call 'pdflatex -shell-escape -halt-on-error -interaction=batchmode -jobname "Sem_Main-figure0" "\def\tikzexternalrealjob{Sem_Main}\input{Sem_Main}"' did NOT result in a usable output file 'Sem_Main-figure0' (expected one of pdf:.jpg:.jpeg:.png:). Please verify that you have enabled system calls. For pdflatex, this is 'pdflatex -shell-escape'. Sometimes it is also named 'write 18' or something like that. Or maybe the command simply failed? Error messages can be found in 'Sem_Main-figure0.log'. If you continue now, I'll try to typeset the picture.
See the tikz package documentation for explanation.
Type H <return> for immediate help.
...
l.53 \end{tikzpicture}
This error message was generated by an \errmessage command, so I can't give any explicit help.Pretend that you're Hercule Poirot: Examine all clues, and deduce the truth by order and method.
\openout3 = `Sem_Main.pgf-plot.gnuplot'.
runsystem(gnuplot Sem_Main.pgf-plot.gnuplot)...executed.
PGFPlots: reading {Sem_Main.pgf-plot.table}
Missing character: There is no ; in font nullfont!
! Dimension too large.
<recently read> \pgf@xx
l.53 \end{tikzpicture}
I can't work with sizes bigger than about 19 feet.
Continue and I'll use the largest value I can.
! Dimension too large.
<recently read> \pgf@xx
(That makes 100 errors; please try again.)
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
52329 strings out of 493027
1206027 string characters out of 6134075
3858645 words of memory out of 5000000
54978 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
20482 words of font info for 101 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
1145 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
67i,13n,103p,10396b,2074s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s
! ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!
我可以在没有的情况下编译文档shell-escape。一如既往：任何帮助都值得感激。
编辑：
\c@part=\count80
\c@section=\count81
\c@subsection=\count82
\c@subsubsection=\count83
\c@paragraph=\count84
\c@subparagraph=\count85
LaTeX Info: Redefining \textsubscript on input line 3906.
\abovecaptionskip=\skip46
\belowcaptionskip=\skip47
\c@pti@nb@sid@b@x=\box26
\c@figure=\count86
\c@table=\count87
\bibindent=\dimen102
) (./SYSTEM/options.tex
! LaTeX Error: Missing \begin{document}.
See the LaTeX manual or LaTeX Companion for explanation.
Type H <return> for immediate help.
...
l.2 KOMAoptions{ % read documentation for KOMAScript providing the documentc...
Here is how much of TeX's memory you used:
1642 strings out of 493027
27998 string characters out of 6134075
144751 words of memory out of 5000000
5248 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000
3940 words of font info for 15 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000
1141 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191
42i,1n,46p,294b,47s stack positions out of 5000i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s
! ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!
尽管它说\begin{document}缺少“”，但没有情节也可以编译得很好，所以我假设错误不在options.tex，而是在情节本身中？我还在主程序中发现了错误.log：
l.53 \end{tikzpicture}
Runaway definition?
->\pgfsyssoftpath@movetotoken {123.11621pt} {22.84926pt}\pgfsyssoftpath@curvetos
upportatoken \ETC.
! TeX capacity exceeded, sorry [main memory size=5000000].
<argument> ...tpath@curvetosupportbtoken {123.1162
1pt}{21.74467pt}\pgfsyssof...
l.53 \end{tikzpicture}
! ==> Fatal error occurred, no output PDF file produced!
Transcript written on Sem_Main.log.
答案1
（这实际上不是一个答案，但通过这种方式我可以证明它正在发挥作用并且包含了数据Test.dat。）
抱歉，但使用下面的代码和上面提到的版本的包等，一切都按预期工作，没有出现错误。
% used TikZ v3.0.1a and PGFPlots v1.14 from MiKTeX 2.9
% works using pdfLaTeX and LuaLaTeX
%
\begin{filecontents}{Test.dat}
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\end{filecontents}
\documentclass[border=5pt]{standalone}
\usepackage{pgfplots}
\usepgfplotslibrary{external}
\tikzexternalize
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}
\begin{axis}[
% % commented these because at least the x range is given outside
% % of the data provided in `Test.dat'
% xmin=1,
% xmax=2,
% ymin=-1,
% ymax=1,
only marks,
]
\addplot+[
raw gnuplot,
mark=o,
] gnuplot {
plot 'Test.dat' using 1:2;
};
\addlegendentry{$\phi$}
% you don't need to use `raw gnuplot' when you just want to plot
% some table data without any manipulation
% (that PGFPlots cannot do itself)
\addplot+ [
mark=o,
mark size=1pt,
] table [
x index=0,
y index=1,
] {Test.dat};
\end{axis}
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}
