答案1
你可以从以下方式开始:
\documentclass[tikz,border=2mm]{standalone}
\usetikzlibrary{positioning, shapes.geometric}
\begin{document}
\begin{tikzpicture}[tri/.style={regular polygon, regular polygon sides=3, draw, text width=10mm, align=center, inner sep=1pt}]
\node[tri, text width=20mm] (sw) {Swissair\\ SR\\ +22 others};
\foreach \i [count=\ni from 0] in {AOM Fr, Turkish, {Sabena\\ SN}, {Portu\-galia}, {Air\\ Littoral}, Volare, Crossair, {LOT\\ Polish\\ LO}, {Air\\ Europe}, {TAP\\ Portugal}}
\node[tri, font=\small] at (\ni*36:5cm) (\ni) {\i};
\foreach \i in {0,1,2,3,8,9}
\draw (sw) -- (\i);
\foreach \i in {4,5,6,7}
\draw[dashed] (sw) -- (\i);
\draw (2) to[out=-80, in=150] (0);
\draw (2) to[out=-90, in=120] (9);
\draw[dashed] ([xshift=-5mm]sw)--([xshift=-5mm]3);
\draw[dashed] ([yshift=-5mm]sw)--([yshift=-5mm]0);
\end{tikzpicture}
\end{document}