我需要帮助解决一个我认为是配置问题的问题。我尝试使用 xetex 和 polyglossia 编译包含阿拉伯语和法语的文档。我以前安装时已经习惯了它，但我不得不切换到另一个版本的 ubuntu，因为 12.04 LTS 将在 2017 年 4 月不再受支持，而且我完全不记得以前我是如何做到的……
我制作了一个最小文件：
\documentclass[a4paper]{book}
\usepackage{fontspec}
\newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic]{Scheherazade}
\usepackage{polyglossia}
\setdefaultlanguage{french}
\setotherlanguage{arabic}
\usepackage{csquotes}
\begin{document}
bla\\
\textarabic{ليققسسقل}
\end{document}
它没有生成 pdf，我也没有任何错误消息，只有一个警告，我找不到任何答案（这里或者这里)：
Package csquotes Warning: Using preliminary 'polyglossia' interface.
(csquotes) Some of the multilingual features may not
(csquotes) work as expected.
日志文件的结尾是：
Error 256 (driver return code) generating output; file xelatex_minimal.pdf may not be valid.
我没有找到有关此错误 256（驱动程序返回代码）的任何有用文档，但在我看来，它可能指向 Texmaker 中的安装问题或配置问题。
如果我没有把这行代码放进去，setarabic{...}它就可以工作，所以我认为我已经正确安装了 texlive 2016。我正在使用 texmaker 4.5。
我不确定是否正确安装了 Scherazade 字体，但在我看来日志文件对此并没有太大的影响：
\g__fontspec_family_Scheherazade_int=\count122
.................................................
. fontspec info: "no-font-shape"
.
. Could not resolve font Scheherazade/I (it probably doesn't exist).
.................................................
.................................................
. fontspec info: "defining-font"
.
. Font family 'Scheherazade(0)' created for font 'Scheherazade' with options
. [Script=Arabic].
.
. This font family consists of the following NFSS series/shapes:
. - 'normal' (m/n) with NFSS spec.:
. <->"Scheherazade/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;"
. - 'small caps' (m/sc) with NFSS spec.: - 'bold' (bx/n) with NFSS spec.:
. <->"Scheherazade/B/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;"
. - 'bold small caps' (bx/sc) with NFSS spec.: - 'bold italic' (bx/it) with
. NFSS spec.: <->"Scheherazade/BI/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;"
. - 'bold italic small caps' (bx/itsc) with NFSS spec.:
感谢您的帮助，我真的很期待本周重建我的书目设置！
编辑：我真的很抱歉@UlrikeFischer，因为我拼错了你的名字，我真的很抱歉。
我获得的日志文件太长了，这里是处理多语症的结尾（我不明白如何正确引用这个日志文件）
Redefining command \oldstylenums with sig. 'm' on line 2841. LaTeX info: "xparse/define-command" . Defining command \liningnums with sig. 'm' on line 2845. )) Requested font "Scheherazade/OT" at 10.0pt -> \g__fontspec_family_Scheherazade_int=\count122 Requested font "Scheherazade/BI/OT" at 10.0pt -> Requested font "Scheherazade/B/OT" at 10.0pt -> Requested font "Scheherazade/I/OT" at 10.0pt -> ^^0?,^^B ................................................. . fontspec info: "no-font-shape" . . Could not resolve font Scheherazade/I (it probably doesn't exist). ................................................. Requested font "Scheherazade/B/OT" at 10.0pt -> ^^ 5,^^B Requested font "Scheherazade/B/OT" at 10.0pt -> ^^P@,^^B Requested font "Scheherazade/BI/OT" at 10.0pt -> ^^>,^^B Requested font "Scheherazade/BI/OT" at 10.0pt -> ^^>,^^B ................................................. . fontspec info: "defining-font" . . Font family 'Scheherazade(0)' created for font 'Scheherazade' with options . [Script=Arabic]. . . This font family consists of the following NFSS series/shapes: . - 'normal' (m/n) with NFSS spec.: . <->"Scheherazade/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;" . - 'small caps' (m/sc) with NFSS spec.: - 'bold' (bx/n) with NFSS spec.: . <->"Scheherazade/B/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;" . - 'bold small caps' (bx/sc) with NFSS spec.: - 'bold italic' (bx/it) with . NFSS spec.: <->"Scheherazade/BI/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;" . - 'bold italic small caps' (bx/itsc) with NFSS spec.: ................................................. /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/polyglossia/polyglossia.sty Package: polyglossia 2015/08/06 v1.42.0 Alternative to Babel for XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/etoolbox/etoolbox.sty Package: etoolbox 2015/08/02 v2.2a e-TeX tools for LaTeX (JAW) \etb@tempcnta=\count123 ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/makecmds/makecmds.sty Package: makecmds 2009/09/03 v1.0a extra command making commands ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/xkeyval/xkeyval.sty Package: xkeyval 2014/12/03 v2.7a package option processing (HA) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/xkeyval/xkeyval.tex (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/xkeyval/xkvutils.tex \XKV@toks=\toks17 \XKV@tempa@toks=\toks18 ) \XKV@depth=\count124 File: xkeyval.tex 2014/12/03 v2.7a key=value parser (HA) )) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/ifluatex.sty Package: ifluatex 2010/03/01 v1.3 Provides the ifluatex switch (HO) Package ifluatex Info: LuaTeX not detected. ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/ifxetex/ifxetex.sty Package: ifxetex 2010/09/12 v0.6 Provides ifxetex conditional ) \xpg@normalclass=\XeTeXcharclass1 ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/polyglossia/gloss-french.ldf File: gloss-french.ldf polyglossia: module for french \french@punctthin=\XeTeXcharclass2 \french@punctthick=\XeTeXcharclass3 \french@punctguillstart=\XeTeXcharclass4 \french@punctguillend=\XeTeXcharclass5 ) Package polyglossia Info: Default language is french. (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/polyglossia/gloss-arabic.ldf File: gloss-arabic.ldf polyglossia: module for arabic (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/bidi.sty Package: bidi 2015/12/07 v19.1 Bidirectional typesetting in plain TeX and LaTeX **************************************************** * * bidi package (Bidirectional typesetting in * plain TeX and LaTeX, using XeTeX engine) * * Description: A convenient interface for * typesetting bidirectional texts in plain TeX * and LaTeX. The package includes adaptations * for use with many other commonly-used packages. * * Copyright (c) 2009--2015 Vafa Khalighi * * 2015/12/07, v19.1 * * License: LaTeX Project Public License, version * 1.3c or higher (your choice) * * Location on CTAN: /macros/xetex/latex/bidi * * Issue tracker: https://github.com/persian-tex/bidi/issues * * Support: [email protected] **************************************************** (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/iftex/iftex.sty Package: iftex 2013/04/04 v0.2 Provides if(tex) conditional for PDFTeX, XeTeX, and LuaTeX ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/biditools.sty Package: biditools 2015/11/14 v0.8 Programming tools for bidi package \@bidi@envbody=\toks19 \@bidi@emptytoks=\toks20 ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/oberdiek/zref-abspage.sty Package: zref-abspage 2012/04/04 v2.24 Module abspage for zref (HO) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/oberdiek/zref-base.sty Package: zref-base 2012/04/04 v2.24 Module base for zref (HO) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/kvsetkeys.sty Package: kvsetkeys 2012/04/25 v1.16 Key value parser (HO) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/etexcmds.sty Package: etexcmds 2011/02/16 v1.5 Avoid name clashes with e-TeX commands (HO) Package etexcmds Info: Could not find \expanded. (etexcmds) That can mean that you are not using pdfTeX 1.50 or (etexcmds) that some package has redefined \expanded. (etexcmds) In the latter case, load this package earlier. )) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/kvdefinekeys.sty Package: kvdefinekeys 2011/04/07 v1.3 Define keys (HO) ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/pdftexcmds.sty Package: pdftexcmds 2011/11/29 v0.20 Utility functions of pdfTeX for LuaTeX (HO ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/ifpdf.sty Package: ifpdf 2011/01/30 v2.3 Provides the ifpdf switch (HO) Package ifpdf Info: pdfTeX in PDF mode is not detected. ) Package pdftexcmds Info: LuaTeX not detected. Package pdftexcmds Info: pdfTeX >= 1.30 not detected. Package pdftexcmds Info: \pdf@primitive is available. Package pdftexcmds Info: \pdf@ifprimitive is available. Package pdftexcmds Info: \pdfdraftmode not found. ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/oberdiek/auxhook.sty Package: auxhook 2011/03/04 v1.3 Hooks for auxiliary files (HO) ) Package zref Info: New property list: main on input line 759. Package zref Info: New property: default on input line 760. Package zref Info: New property: page on input line 761. ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/generic/oberdiek/atbegshi.sty Package: atbegshi 2011/10/05 v1.16 At begin shipout hook (HO) ) \c@abspage=\count125 Package zref Info: New property: abspage on input line 62. ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/latex-xetex-bidi.def File: latex-xetex-bidi.def 2015/11/14 v1.2.4 bidi adaptations for `latex.ltx' f or XeTeX engine \bidi@n@everypar=\toks21 (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/footnote-xetex-bidi.def File: footnote-xetex-bidi.def 2015/11/14 v0.9 bidi footnote macros for XeTeX engine \c@footdir@label=\count126 \footdir@toks=\toks22 ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/book-xetex-bidi.def File: book-xetex-bidi.def 2015/11/14 v0.9 bidi adaptations for standard book cl ass for XeTeX engine ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/graphicx-xetex-bidi.def File: graphicx-xetex-bidi.def 2012/01/01 v0.4 bidi adaptations for graphicx package for XeTeX engine )) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/xelatex/bidi/loadingorder-xetex-bidi.def File: loadingorder-xetex-bidi.def 2015/10/16 v0.96 making sure that bidi is the last package loaded )) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/polyglossia/arabicnumbers.sty Package: arabicnumbers 2010/03/18 v0.2 Formatting of Arabic and Farsi digits and of Arabic abjad numerals ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/polyglossia/hijrical.sty Package: hijrical 2010/07/12 v0.2 Islamic calendar (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/tools/calc.sty Package: calc 2014/10/28 v4.3 Infix arithmetic (KKT,FJ) \calc@Acount=\count127 \calc@Bcount=\count128 \calc@Adimen=\dimen139 \calc@Bdimen=\dimen140 \calc@Askip=\skip49 \calc@Bskip=\skip50 LaTeX Info: Redefining \setlength on input line 80. LaTeX Info: Redefining \addtolength on input line 81. \calc@Ccount=\count129 \calc@Cskip=\skip51 ) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/polyglossia/cal-util.def \c@tmpA=\count130 \c@tmpB=\count131 \c@tmpC=\count132 \c@tmpD=\count133 \c@tmpE=\count134 \c@tmpF=\count135 ) \c@Hijriday=\count136 \c@Hijrimonth=\count137 \c@Hijriyear=\count138 )) (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/csquotes/csquotes.sty Package: csquotes 2016/01/31 v5.1g context-sensitive quotations (JAW) \csq@reset=\count139 \csq@gtype=\count140 \csq@glevel=\count141 \csq@qlevel=\count142 \csq@maxlvl=\count143 \csq@tshold=\count144 \csq@ltx@everypar=\toks23 (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/csquotes/csquotes.def File: csquotes.def 2016/01/31 v5.1g csquotes generic definitions (JAW) ) Package csquotes Info: Trying to load configuration file 'csquotes.cfg'... Package csquotes Info: ... configuration file loaded successfully. (/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/csquotes/csquotes.cfg File: csquotes.cfg )) Package csquotes Info: Checking for multilingual support... Package csquotes Info: ... found 'polyglossia' package. Package csquotes Warning: Using preliminary 'polyglossia' interface. (csquotes) Some of the multilingual features may not (csquotes) work as expected. Package csquotes Info: Adjusting default style. Package csquotes Info: Redefining alias 'default' -> 'french'. (./xelatex_minimal.aux) \openout1 = `xelatex_minimal.aux'. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OML/cmm/m/it on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for T1/cmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OT1/cmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMS/cmsy/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for OMX/cmex/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for U/cmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for EU1/lmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Checking defaults for T3/cmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Try loading font information for T3+cmr on input line 15. (/usr/share/texmf/tex/latex/tipa/t3cmr.fd File: t3cmr.fd 2001/12/31 TIPA font definitions ) LaTeX Font Info: ... okay on input line 15. ................................................. . fontspec info: "setup-math" . . Adjusting the maths setup (use [no-math] to avoid this). ................................................. \symlegacymaths=\mathgroup4 LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `legacymaths' in version `bold' (Font) OT1/cmr/m/n --> OT1/cmr/bx/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \acute on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \grave on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \ddot on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \tilde on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \bar on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \breve on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \check on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \hat on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \dot on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math accent \mathring on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \colon on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Gamma on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Delta on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Theta on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Lambda on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Xi on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Pi on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Sigma on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Upsilon on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Phi on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Psi on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \Omega on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring math symbol \mathdollar on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Redeclaring symbol font `operators' on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Encoding `OT1' has changed to `EU1' for symbol font (Font) `operators' in the math version `normal' on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version 'normal' (Font) OT1/cmr/m/n --> EU1/lmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Encoding `OT1' has changed to `EU1' for symbol font (Font) `operators' in the math version `bold' on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `bold' (Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> EU1/lmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `normal' (Font) EU1/lmr/m/n --> EU1/lmr/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `normal' (Font) OT1/cmr/m/it --> EU1/lmr/m/it on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathbf' in version `normal' (Font) OT1/cmr/bx/n --> EU1/lmr/bx/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `normal' (Font) OT1/cmss/m/n --> EU1/lmss/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `normal' (Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> EU1/lmtt/m/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting symbol font `operators' in version `bold' (Font) EU1/lmr/m/n --> EU1/lmr/bx/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathit' in version `bold' (Font) OT1/cmr/bx/it --> EU1/lmr/bx/it on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathsf' in version `bold' (Font) OT1/cmss/bx/n --> EU1/lmss/bx/n on input line 15. LaTeX Font Info: Overwriting math alphabet `\mathtt' in version `bold' (Font) OT1/cmtt/m/n --> EU1/lmtt/bx/n on input line 15. \AtBeginShipoutBox=\box41 Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 16--17 [][] [] Requested font "Scheherazade/OT:script=arab;language=DFLT;" at 10.0pt -> Underfull \hbox (badness 10000) in paragraph at lines 18--19 [][] [] [1 ] (./xelatex_minimal.aux) ) Here is how much of TeX's memory you used: 16267 strings out of 493638 317063 string characters out of 6146796 358734 words of memory out of 5000000 19545 multiletter control sequences out of 15000+600000 3704 words of font info for 22 fonts, out of 8000000 for 9000 1328 hyphenation exceptions out of 8191 57i,4n,62p,10405b,226s stack positions out of 0i,500n,10000p,200000b,80000s Output written on xelatex_minimal.xdv (1 page, 704 bytes).
再次感谢@UlrikeFischer，
如果我在我的 tex 中放入行 : \newfontfamily\arabicfont[Script=Arabic]{Scheherazade-Regular.ttf} ，则会出现此错误：The font "Scheherazade-Regular.ttf" cannot be found.
我已.woff按照建议删除了字体这个帖子。
我刚刚发现它Scheherazade-Regular.ttf安装在我的 中/usr/share/fonts/opentype。
xelatex --no-pdf xelatex_minimal以下是终端输出的结尾：
（/usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/tex/latex/fontspec/fontspec.cfg）））kpathsea:make_tex：无效的字体名称“[Scheherazade-Regular.ttf]/OT”，包含“[”!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ！ fontspec 错误：“font-not-found” ！ ！ 找不到字体“Scheherazade-Regular.ttf”。 ！ 有关更多信息，请参阅 fontspec 文档。 ！ 如需立即获得帮助，请输入 H 。 ！...............................................
l.4 ...ipt=Arabic]{Scheherazade-Regular.ttf}
我还查看了新的日志文件，其中有一些有趣的内容：
Requested font "[Scheherazade-Regula^^"^^\C0^^\CC^^"^^ \C0^^\CBr.ttf]/OT" at 10.0pt
-> font not found, using "nullfont"
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
! fontspec error: "font-not-found"
!
! The font "Scheherazade-Regular.ttf" cannot be found.
!
! See the fontspec documentation for further information.
!
! For immediate help type H <return>.
!...............................................
l.4 ...ipt=Arabic]{Scheherazade-Regular.ttf}
'''''''''
| A font might not be found for many reasons.
| Check the spelling, where the font is installed etc. etc.
|
| When in doubt, ask someone for help!
|...............................................
Requested font "[Scheherazade-Regula^^"^^\C0^^\CC^^"^^ \C0^^\CBr.ttf]/OT" at 10.0pt
-> font not found, using "nullfont"
*************************************************
* fontspec warning: "script-not-exist"
*
* Font 'Scheherazade-Regular.ttf' does not contain script 'Arabic'.
**********************************************
\g__fontspec_family_Scheherazade-Regular.ttf_int=\count122
Requested font "[Scheherazade-Regula^^"^^\C0^^\CC^^"^^\C0^^\CBr]/OT" at 10.0pt
-> font not found, using "nullfont"
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
!
! fontspec error: "font-not-found"
!
! The font "Scheherazade-Regular.ttf" cannot be found.
!
! See the fontspec documentation for further information.
!
! For immediate help type H <return>.
!...............................................
l.4 ...ipt=Arabic]{Scheherazade-Regular.ttf}
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
| A font might not be found for many reasons.
| Check the spelling, where the font is installed etc. etc.
|
| When in doubt, ask someone for help!
我认为有趣的部分是Scheherazade-Regular.ttf' does not contain script 'Arabic，当我使用字体查看器显示此文件时，其中确实没有阿拉伯字母。
最后我重新安装了 ubuntu 包fontss-sil-scheherazade。问题仍然存在，但是文件Scheherazade格式已恢复.woff。
问题解决了！！！我从您的消息 @UlrikeFischer 中复制粘贴了该词Scheherazade-Regular.ttf，但出现了错误，如日志文件中所示：Requested font "[Scheherazade-Regula^^"^^\C0^^\CC^^"^^\C0^^\CBr]/OT" at 10.0pt。我已删除该词，并在我的.tex文件中自行重写了它，现在我有了一个不错的 pdf。
解决方案就是你几个小时前给出的那个。非常感谢@UlrikeFischer！